Spigelian hernia
4604204
223540862
2008-07-04T14:59:05Z
KC Panchal
3449833
Quick-adding category "Surgery stubs" (using [[WP:HOTCAT|HotCat]])
A '''Spigelian hernia''' (or '''lateral ventral hernia''') is a [[hernia]] through the spigelian [[fascia]], which is the [[aponeurotic]] layer between the [[rectus abdominis muscle]] medially, and the [[linea semilunaris|semilunar line]] laterally. These hernias almost always develop at or below the [[Arcuate line (anterior abdominal wall)|linea arcuata]], probably because of the lack of posterior rectus sheath. These are generally interparietal hernias, meaning that they do not lie below the [[subcutaneous]] fat but penetrate between the muscles of the [[abdominal wall]]; therefore, there is often no notable swelling.
Most of these hernias are small, and, as such, there is a high risk of strangulation. Most of them develop around age 50 (4th-7th decade of life). As an entity, they are rare,<ref name=larson>{{cite journal |author=Larson DW, Farley DR |title=Spigelian hernias: repair and outcome for 81 patients |journal=World journal of surgery |volume=26 |issue=10 |pages=1277–81 |year=2002 |pmid=12205553 |doi=10.1007/s00268-002-6605-0}}</ref> when compared other types of hernias.
==Symptoms and diagnosis==
Patients typically present with either an intermittent mass, localized pain, or signs of [[bowel obstruction]].<ref name=larson/> [[Ultrasonography]] or a [[CT scan]] can establish the diagnosis.
==Treatment==
These hernias should be repaired because of the high risk of strangulation;<ref>{{cite journal |author=Vos DI, Scheltinga MR |title=Incidence and outcome of surgical repair of spigelian hernia |journal=The British journal of surgery |volume=91 |issue=5 |pages=640–4 |year=2004 |pmid=15122618 |doi=10.1002/bjs.4524}}</ref> fortunately, surgery is straight-forward, with only larger defects requiring a [[mesh prosthesis]].
==Eponym==
[[Adriaan van den Spiegel]], a [[surgeon]]-[[anatomist]] born in [[Brussels]], described this hernia in 1645.
==References==
<references/>
==External links==
* http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/2280.html
* http://www.gpnotebook.co.uk/cache/322240537.htm
[[Category:Hernias]]
[[Category:Surgery stubs]]
[[pl:Przepuklina Spiegela]]