Stanley William Hayter
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224596473
2008-07-09T16:09:09Z
Flaming Ferrari
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'''Stanley William Hayter''', [[Order of the British Empire|CBE]] (born [[27 December]] [[1901]], [[Hackney (parish)|Hackney]], [[London]], England; died [[4 May]] [[1988]], [[Paris]], [[France]]) was a British [[surrealism|surrealist]] painter and [[printmaking|printmaker]]. Various sources state him to be a descendant of the 18th Century Hayter portraitists, either of [[George Hayter|Sir George Hayter]]<ref>P. M. S. Hacker, "Hayter, Stanley William (1901–1988)", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/39959 accessed 25 Sept 2007]</ref> or the latter's younger brother John.<ref>*Innovation in printmaking: Obituary of Mr S W Hayter, ''The Times'', London, May 7, 1988</ref> He is noted for his innovative work in the development of [[viscosity printing]] (a process that exploits varying viscosities of oil-based inks to lay three or more colours on a single [[Intaglio (printmaking)|intaglio]] plate). His ''[[The Times|Times]]'' obituary described him as having "revolutionized the art of engraving, with his far-reaching experiments in colour and texture".
Hayter graduated in chemistry and geology from [[King's College London]], and worked in [[Abadan]] for the [[Anglo-Iranian Oil Company|Anglo-Persian Oil Company]] from [[1922]] to [[1925]]. On his being invalided home to London after a [[malaria]] attack, his company arranged a one-man show of his works from his period overseas.
In [[1926]], Hayter went to [[Paris]], studying at the [[Académie Julian]] and learning [[line engraving]] techniques, especially copper engraving using the traditional [[Burin (tool)|burin]], from [[Joseph Hecht]]. In 1927 he founded a studio, which in [[1933]] moved to No 17, Rue Campagne-Première, where it became internationally known as "Atelier 17." Its printmaking techniques influenced such artists as [[Pablo Picasso|Picasso]], [[Joan Miró|Miró]], [[Jean Arp|Arp]], [[Yves Tanguy|Tanguy]], [[Alberto Giacometti|Giacometti]], [[Max Ernst|Ernst]], [[Julian Trevelyan|Trevelyan]] and [[Gabor Peterdi|Peterdi]]. "Atelier 17" moved to New York on the outbreak of [[World War II]].
During World War II, Hayter collaborated with [[Roland Penrose]], Trevelyan, and others in setting up a [[camouflage]] unit, later acting as advisor to the Museum of Modern Art for a show, ''Britain at War''. For this, he devised an [[analog computer]] to duplicate the angle of the sun and shadow lengths for any time, day and latitude.<ref>[http://www.ateliercontrepoint.com/a172.html Atelier Contrepoint], biography</ref>
"Atelier 17" returned to [[Paris]] in [[1950]]. On Hayter's death in [[1988]] it was renamed "Atelier Contrepoint."
Hayter continued to develop painting alongside printmaking. His interest in [[Surrealist automatism|automatism]] led him to associate with the [[surrealism|Surrealists]], and in the [[United States]] he was an innovator in the [[Abstract Expressionism]] movement.
Hayter received an [[Order of the British Empire|OBE]] and [[Légion d'honneur]] in [[1951]], and was chosen to represent Great Britain at the [[1958]] [[Venice Biennale]]. He became [[Ordre des Arts et des Lettres|Chevalier des Arts et des Lettres]] in 1967, and received a [[Order of the British Empire|CBE]] in [[1968]].
Hayter was married twice: to Edith Fletcher (dissolved [[1929]]), and to the American sculptor Helen Phillips (dissolved [[1971]]).
==References==
*[http://www.ateliercontrepoint.com/a172.html Atelier Contrepoint] biography
{{reflist}}
Hayter married Desiree Moorhead, Irish poet and writer with whom he lived in Paris and Éire until his death in Paris in 1988.
He had three sons: Patrick with his first wife, d. young.
Augy and Julian with his second wife. Augy was an actor, writer, translator, d. 2005 in Ardeche. Julian was a composer, gifted musician and photographer. d. Paris, 2007, both in their early 60's.
==External links==
*[http://www.ateliercontrepoint.com Atelier Contrepoint]
*[http://www.gac.culture.gov.uk/search/Artist.asp?maker_id=119345 Government Art Collection]
*[http://www.redfern-gallery.com/pages/thumbnaillist/33.html Redfern Gallery]
*[http://www.tate.org.uk/servlet/ArtistWorks?cgroupid=999999961&artistid=1257&page=1&sole=y&collab=y&attr=y&sort=default&tabview=worklist Tate Gallery]
*[http://www.dpartsgallery.com/PBSCCatalog.asp?CatID=279419 The website of the amateur of original print]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hayter, Stanley William}}
[[Category:1901 births]]
[[Category:1988 deaths]]
[[Category:English painters]]
[[Category:English printmakers]]
[[Category:Modern printmakers]]
[[Category:Alumni of King's College London]]
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