Streptococcus agalactiae
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{{Taxobox
| color = lightgrey
| name = ''Streptococcus agalactiae''
| image =
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption =
| regnum = [[Bacterium|Bacteria]]
| phylum = [[Firmicutes]]
| classis = [[Bacilli]]
| ordo = [[Lactobacillales]]
| familia = [[Streptococcaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Streptococcus]]''
| species = '''''S. agalactiae'''''
| binomial = ''Streptococcus agalactiae''
| binomial_authority = Lehmann and Neumann, 1896
}}
'''''Streptococcus agalactiae''''' also known as '''Group B Streptococcus''' (cocci) is a [[gram-positive]] [[streptococcus]] characterized by the presence of group B [[Rebecca Lancefield|Lancefield]] antigen. These bacteria cause [[Group B streptococcal infection]]. Streptococcus agalactiae is a species of the normal flora of the gut and female urogenital tract. Early perinatal infection causes [[septicemia]], [[pneumonia]] or [[meningitis]], which are associated with a high mortality. During delivery, a baby can acquire ''S. agalactiae'' and develop neonatal [[sepsis]], neonatal [[meningitis]], and/or neonatal [[pneumonia]]. Neonates with meningitis do not present with the hallmark sign of adult meningitis, a stiff neck. They display nonspecific symptoms such as fever, vomiting, poor feeding, and irritability. The polysaccharide antiphagocytic capsule is this bacterium's main [[Virulence|virulence factor]].
''S. agalactiae'' displays [[beta-hemolysis]] when cultured on a blood agar plate and produce zones of hemolysis that are only slightly larger than the colonies themselves. Group B streptococci hydrolyze sodium hippurate and give a positive response in the CAMP test. ''S. agalactiae'' is also sensitive to [[bile]] and will lyse in its presence.
==References==
*Brooks, Geo F., Janet Butel, and Stephen Morse. <u>Jawetz, Melnick, and Adelberg's Medical Microbiology, 22nd edition</u>. 2001.
*Gillespie, Stephen and Kathleen Bamford. <u>Medical Microbiology at a Glance</u>. 2000.
[[Category:Streptococcaceae]]
[[Category:Obstetrics]]
{{bacteria-stub}}
==External links==
*[http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5111a1.htm Prevention of Perinatal Group B Streptococcal Disease] August 16, 2002 MMWR 2000;49:228-232.
*[http://www.strepb.ca/home.htm The Canadian Strep B Foundation]
*[http://www.gbss.org.uk The UK Group B Strep Support charity]
{{Bacterial diseases}}
[[Category:Streptococcaceae]]
[[Category:Pregnancy]]
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