Stretch-activated ion channel
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2008-05-28T07:22:59Z
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'''Stretch-activated''' or '''stretch-gated ion channels''' are [[ion channels]] which open their [[pores]] in response to mechanical deformation of a [[neuron]]'s [[plasma membrane]].
==Mechanism==
Though little is known about these channels, they may be linked to molecules in the [[cytoskeleton]], which may open them by transmitting physical forces of stretch or pressure to the channels, causing them to undergo a conformational change.<ref name="kandel">[[Eric R. Kandel|Kandel ER]], Schwartz JH, Jessell TM. ''[[Principles of Neural Science]]'', 4th ed., Pages 113-114. McGraw-Hill, New York (2000). ISBN 0-8385-7701-6</ref> The channels may also be pulled open due to tension on the membrane itself.<ref name="kandel"/> Opening the channels allows [[ion]]s to which they are permeable to flow down their [[electrochemical gradient]]s into or out of the [[cell (biology)|cell]], causing a change in [[membrane potential]].
This can also be referred to as the Stress-activated gate because the gate (protein receptor) responds to pressure or stress.
==Functions==
Such channels are of use in the initial formation of an [[action potential]] from a mechanical stimulus, for example by the [[mechanoreceptors]] in an animal's [[vibrissa]]e (whiskers).
==Example==
An example is "MID-1" (also known as "MCLC" or {{Gene|CLCC1}}.)<ref name="pmid11279057">{{cite journal |author=Nagasawa M, Kanzaki M, Iino Y, Morishita Y, Kojima I |title=Identification of a novel chloride channel expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, and nucleus |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue=23 |pages=20413–8 |year=2001 |pmid=11279057 |doi=10.1074/jbc.M100366200}}</ref><ref name="pmid16202999">{{cite journal |author=Ozeki-Miyawaki C, Moriya Y, Tatsumi H, Iida H, Sokabe M |title=Identification of functional domains of Mid1, a stretch-activated channel component, necessary for localization to the plasma membrane and Ca2+ permeation |journal=Exp. Cell Res. |volume=311 |issue=1 |pages=84–95 |year=2005 |pmid=16202999 |doi=10.1016/j.yexcr.2005.08.014}}</ref>
==See also==
* [[Mechanosensitive ion channel]]
* [[Large-conductance mechanosensitive channel]]
* [[Voltage-gated ion channel]]s
* [[Ligand-gated ion channel]]s
== References ==
<references/>
[[Category:Ion channels]]
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