Subplate 4905500 189043299 2008-02-04T16:06:05Z 70.21.12.173 {{For|the record label|Subplate Records}} [[Image:Corticogenesis in a wild-type mouse with captions in english copy.gif|thumb|Corticogenesis in a mouse brain. Subplate neurons are coloured yellow.]] '''Subplate''' neurons are among the first generated [[neurons]] in the [[mammalian]] [[cerebral cortex]] {{ref|thalamus4}}. These neurons disappear during [[postnatal]] development and are important in establishing the correct wiring {{ref|thalamus1}}{{ref|thalamus5}}) and functional maturation {{ref|thalamus6}} of the cerebral cortex. Subplate neurons appear to be selectively sensitive to injury (such as [[Hypoxia (medical)|hypoxia]]) which in [[humans]] are associated with motor and [[cognitive]] defects {{ref|thalamus7}}. Subplate neurons are the first cortical neurons to receive synaptic inputs from [[thalamus|thalamic]] axons, establishing a temporary link between thalamic axons and their final target in layer 4. {{ref|thalamus1}}{{ref|thalamus2}}{{ref|thalamus3}}. Later, thalamic axons invade layer 4 where they innervate layer 4 neurons. In the visual system thalamic axons to layer 4 form [[ocular dominance column]]s and this segregation of thalamic axons is impaired if subplate neurons are missing {{ref|thalamus1}}{{ref|thalamus6}}. == References == * {{note|thalamus1}} Ghosh, A. & Shatz, C. J. (1992) ''Involvement of subplate neurons in the formation of ocular dominance columns.'' Science 255, 1441-1443 PMID 1542795 * {{note|thalamus2}} Friauf, E., McConnell, S. K. & Shatz, C. J. (1990) ''Functional synaptic circuits in the subplate during fetal and early postnatal development of cat visual cortex.'' J. Neurosci. 10, 2601-2613 PMID 2388080 * {{note|thalamus3}} Rakic, P. (1977) ''Prenatal development of the visual system in rhesus monkey.'' Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London Ser. B 278, 245-260 PMID 19781 * {{note|thalamus4}} Kostovic I, Rakic P.;(1098) "Cytology and time of origin of interstitial neurons in the white matter in infant and adult human and monkey telencephalon" J Neurocytol. 1980 Apr;9(2):219-42 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7441294&query_hl=10&itool=pubmed_docsum] * {{note|thalamus5}}McConnell SK, Ghosh A, Shatz CJ; (1989) "Subplate neurons pioneer the first axon pathway from the cerebral cortex" , Science, Sep 1;245(4921):978-82[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=2475909&query_hl=5&itool=pubmed_docsum] * {{note|thalamus6}}Kanold PO, Kara P, Reid RC, Shatz CJ.; (2003) "Role of subplate neurons in functional maturation of visual cortical columns.", Science Jul 25;301(5632):521-5[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=12881571&query_hl=1&itool=pubmed_DocSum] * {{note|thalamus7}}McQuillen PS, Ferriero DM; (2005) "Perinatal subplate neuron injury: implications for cortical development and plasticity", Brain Pathol., Jul;15(3):250-60[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=16196392&query_hl=1&itool=pubmed_docsum] == See also == *[[Cerebral Cortex]] *[[Cortical column]] *[[Cerebral hemisphere]] [[Category:Developmental neuroscience]] [[Category:Nervous system]] [[Category:Central nervous system]] [[Category:CNS neurons]]