Sucrase
1329718
213597783
2008-05-20T00:40:51Z
Gareth McCaughan
216203
remove incorrect and patronizing remark in intro
'''Sucrase''' is the name given to a number of [[enzyme|enzymes]] that [[catalysis|catalyse]] the [[hydrolysis]] of [[sucrose]] to [[fructose]] and [[glucose]].
==Types==
* {{EC number|3.2.1.10}} is [[sucrase-isomaltase]]
* {{EC number|3.2.1.26}} is [[invertase]]
* {{EC number|3.2.1.48}}
== Physiology ==
[[Sucrose intolerance]] (also known as Congenital Sucrase-Isomaltase Deficiency (CSID) or Sucrase-isomaltase deficiency) occurs when sucrase is not secreted in the small intestine. With sucrose intolerance, the result of consuming sucrose is excess gas production and often [[diarrhea]] and [[malabsorption]].
Sucrase is secreted by the tips of the [[villi]] of the [[epithelium]] in the [[small intestine]]. Its levels are reduced in response to villi-blunting events such as [[celiac sprue]] and the [[inflammation]] associated with the disorder. The levels increase in [[Pregnancy]]/[[Lactation]] and [[Diabetes]] as the villi hypertrophy.
== Use in chemical analysis ==
Sucrose itself is a non-reducing sugar, having the reducing aldehyde group involved in the glycosidic bond, and therefore will not test positive with Benedict's solution. In order to test for sucrose, the enzyme sucrase is mixed with the sample. The sucrose is hydrolysed into [[glucose]] and [[fructose]], with glucose being a reducing sugar, which will test positive with [[Benedict's solution]]. Fructose can be isomerized to glucose by the addition of NaOH or other strong base.
== See also ==
*[[Lactose intolerance]]
==External links==
* {{MeshName|Sucrase}}
[[Category:EC 3.2.1]]
{{hydrolase-stub}}
{{Glycoside hydrolases}}
[[de:Saccharase]]
[[es:Sacarasa]]
[[fi:Sakkaraasi]]
[[fr:Saccharase]]
[[ja:スクラーゼ]]
[[ru:Сахараза]]