Sudden cardiac death
5696267
219182036
2008-06-13T23:22:10Z
CH52584
3032105
wikify
{{Infobox_Disease |
Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
Image = |
Caption = |
DiseasesDB = |
ICD10 = {{ICD10|I|46|1|i|30}} |
ICD9 = |
ICDO = |
OMIM = |
MedlinePlus = |
eMedicineSubj = |
eMedicineTopic = |
MeshID = D016757 |
}}
The term '''sudden cardiac death''' refers to [[natural death]] from cardiac causes, heralded by abrupt loss of [[consciousness]] within one hour of the onset of acute symptoms.<ref>Myerburg, Robert J. "Cardiac Arrest and Sudden Cardiac Death" in ''Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine,'' 7th edition. [[Philadelphia]]: WB Saunders, 2005.</ref> Other forms of sudden death may be noncardiac in origin. Examples of this include [[respiratory arrest]] (such as due to airway obstruction, which may be seen in cases of [[choking]] or [[asphyxiation]]), toxicity or poisoning, [[anaphylaxis]], or trauma.<ref>[http://poptop.hypermart.net/sudden.html Sudden Unexpected Death: Causes and Contributing Factors] on poptop.hypermart.net.</ref>
It is important to make a distinction between this term and the related term '''[[cardiac arrest]]''', which refers to cessation of cardiac pump function which may be reversible (i.e., may not be fatal). The phrase ''sudden cardiac death'' is a [[public health]] concept incorporating the features of ''natural'', ''rapid'', and ''unexpected''. It does not specifically refer to the mechanism or cause of death.
==Causes==
Although the most frequent underlying cause of sudden cardiac death is [[coronary artery disease]], other categories of causes include:
* Non-atherosclerotic [[coronary artery]] abnormalities
* [[Organ hypertrophy|Hypertrophy]] of ventricular myocardium
* Myocardial diseases and [[heart failure]], including
** [[Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy]]
** [[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]]
** [[Dilated cardiomyopathy]]
** [[Myocardial infarction]]
** [[Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy]]
* Inflammatory, infiltrative, [[neoplastic]], and degenerative processes
* Diseases of the [[cardiac valve]]s
* [[Congenital heart disease]]
* Primary electrophysiological abnormalities, such as
** [[Long QT syndrome]], both [[congenital]] and acquired
** [[Sick sinus syndrome]]
** [[Brugada syndrome]]
** [[Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia]]
* Rhythm instability related to neurohumoral and [[central nervous system]] influences
* [[Commotio cordis]]
* Mechanical interference with venous return
* [[Aortic dissection]]
* Toxic/metabolic disturbances
==References==
<references/>
==External links==
*[http://hcm.stanfordhospital.com/ Information from the Stanford Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Center]
*[http://www.aral.org.uk/html/sudden_cardiac_arrest.html/ Arrhythmia Alliance] Sudden Cardiac Arrest Page
{{Circulatory system pathology}}
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Public health]]
[[de:Plötzlicher Herztod]]
[[es:Muerte súbita cardiaca]]
[[pl:Nagła śmierć sercowa]]
[[fi:Äkkikuolema]]