Superior tarsal muscle 5172866 193633035 2008-02-24T04:13:24Z Arcadian 104523 eponym {{Infobox Muscle | Name = {{PAGENAME}} | Latin = musculus tarsalis superior | GraySubject = | GrayPage = | Image = Gray894.png | Caption = The tarsi and their ligaments. Right eye; front view. (Muscle not labeled but region is visible.) | Image2 = Gray888.png | Caption2 = Sagittal section of right orbital cavity. (Muscle not labeled but region is visible.) | Origin = underside of [[levator palpebrae superioris]] | Insertion = [[superior tarsal plate]] of the eyelid | Blood = [[ophthalmic artery]] | Nerve = [[sympathetic nervous system ]] | Action = raise the [[upper eyelid]] | Antagonist = | DorlandsPre = m_22 | DorlandsSuf = 12551061 | }} The '''superior tarsal muscle''' is a smooth muscle adjoining the [[levator palpebrae superioris]] muscle that helps to raise the upper eyelid. ==Structure== The superior tarsal muscle originates on the underside of [[levator palpebrae superioris]] and inserts on the [[superior tarsal plate]] of the eyelid. ==Innervation== The superior tarsal muscle receives its innervation from the sympathetic nervous system on fibers carried along with the [[ophthalmic artery]] through the [[cavernous sinus]]. These postganglionic sympathetic fibers originate in the [[superior cervical ganglion]]. ==Actions== The superior tarsal muscle works with the [[levator palpebrae superioris]] to raise the upper eyelid. ==Pathology== Damage to some elements of the [[sympathetic nervous system]] can inhibit this muscle, causing a drooping eyelid ([[Ptosis (eyelid)|ptosis]]). This is seen in [[Horner's syndrome]]. ==Eponym== The term "Müller's muscle" is sometimes used as a synonym.<ref name="pmid7685010">{{cite journal |author=van der Werf F, Baljet B, Prins M, Timmerman A, Otto JA |title=Innervation of the superior tarsal (Müller's) muscle in the cynomolgus monkey: a retrograde tracing study |journal=Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. |volume=34 |issue=7 |pages=2333–40 |year=1993 |pmid=7685010 |doi= |url=http://www.iovs.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=7685010}}</ref> However, the same term is also used for a portion of the [[ciliary muscle]]. <ref>{{WhoNamedIt|doctor|2564}}</ref><ref name="titleGlossary of Eponyms">{{cite web |url=http://www.dartmouth.edu/~humananatomy/resources/glossary.html |title=Glossary of Eponyms |accessdate=2008-02-23 |format= |work=}}</ref> ==See also== [[Heinrich Müller (physiologist)]] ==References== {{reflist}} {{muscle-stub}} {{Muscles of head}} [[de:Musculus tarsalis]] [[hu:Musculus tarsus superior]] [[sr:Тарзални мишићи]] [[sh:Tarzalni mišići]]