Superior tarsal muscle
5172866
193633035
2008-02-24T04:13:24Z
Arcadian
104523
eponym
{{Infobox Muscle |
Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
Latin = musculus tarsalis superior |
GraySubject = |
GrayPage = |
Image = Gray894.png |
Caption = The tarsi and their ligaments. Right eye; front view. (Muscle not labeled but region is visible.) |
Image2 = Gray888.png |
Caption2 = Sagittal section of right orbital cavity. (Muscle not labeled but region is visible.) |
Origin = underside of [[levator palpebrae superioris]] |
Insertion = [[superior tarsal plate]] of the eyelid |
Blood = [[ophthalmic artery]] |
Nerve = [[sympathetic nervous system ]] |
Action = raise the [[upper eyelid]] |
Antagonist = |
DorlandsPre = m_22 |
DorlandsSuf = 12551061 |
}}
The '''superior tarsal muscle''' is a smooth muscle adjoining the [[levator palpebrae superioris]] muscle that helps to raise the upper eyelid.
==Structure==
The superior tarsal muscle originates on the underside of [[levator palpebrae superioris]] and inserts on the [[superior tarsal plate]] of the eyelid.
==Innervation==
The superior tarsal muscle receives its innervation from the sympathetic nervous system on fibers carried along with the [[ophthalmic artery]] through the [[cavernous sinus]]. These postganglionic sympathetic fibers originate in the [[superior cervical ganglion]].
==Actions==
The superior tarsal muscle works with the [[levator palpebrae superioris]] to raise the upper eyelid.
==Pathology==
Damage to some elements of the [[sympathetic nervous system]] can inhibit this muscle, causing a drooping eyelid ([[Ptosis (eyelid)|ptosis]]). This is seen in [[Horner's syndrome]].
==Eponym==
The term "Müller's muscle" is sometimes used as a synonym.<ref name="pmid7685010">{{cite journal |author=van der Werf F, Baljet B, Prins M, Timmerman A, Otto JA |title=Innervation of the superior tarsal (Müller's) muscle in the cynomolgus monkey: a retrograde tracing study |journal=Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. |volume=34 |issue=7 |pages=2333–40 |year=1993 |pmid=7685010 |doi= |url=http://www.iovs.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=7685010}}</ref>
However, the same term is also used for a portion of the [[ciliary muscle]]. <ref>{{WhoNamedIt|doctor|2564}}</ref><ref name="titleGlossary of Eponyms">{{cite web |url=http://www.dartmouth.edu/~humananatomy/resources/glossary.html |title=Glossary of Eponyms |accessdate=2008-02-23 |format= |work=}}</ref>
==See also==
[[Heinrich Müller (physiologist)]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{muscle-stub}}
{{Muscles of head}}
[[de:Musculus tarsalis]]
[[hu:Musculus tarsus superior]]
[[sr:Тарзални мишићи]]
[[sh:Tarzalni mišići]]