Superzoom
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{{otheruses4|lenses for [[Single-lens reflex camera|single-lens reflex (SLR)]] cameras|[[live-preview digital camera|non-SLR digital cameras]] with large focal length zoom lenses|Bridge digital camera}}
The term '''hyperzoom''' or '''superzoom''' is used to advertise photographic [[zoom lens]]es with unconventionally large focal length factors, typically more than 4× and ranging up to 15×, e.g., 35 mm to 350 mm. The largest ratio for [[Digital single-lens reflex camera|digital SLR]] cameras is held by the Tamron 18–250 mm, giving 13.9×.<ref>{{cite press release | url = http://www.tamron.co.jp/en/news/release_2006/news0914.html | title = Tamron Unveils ... the World's First 13.9X Zoom ... | publisher = Tamron Co., Ltd. | date = 2006-09-14}}</ref> Some compact digital cameras have even larger zoom ratios up to 18x.<ref>[http://www.olympus.at/consumer/29_16503.htm Olympus - SP-550 UltraZoom<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> For movie and television use, [[Panavision]] holds the record with their 300X HD Lens.<ref>http://www.panavision.com.au/News/300x.htm</ref>
While superzoom lenses have improved greatly in recent years, they still have a number of drawbacks in comparison with shorter-range zooms and [[prime lens]]es. Most notable is the much increased likelihood of significant distortions of the image at both extreme ends of the range. Other potential problems include smaller maximum [[aperture]] and poorer [[autofocus]] performance.<ref>[http://www.nelsontan.com/reviews/superzoom.html Era of the Superzooms], Nelson Tan, 1998, retrieved 4 October 2006</ref>
Following is a list of such zooms, used for [[135]] format in [[Single-lens reflex camera|SLR]]s or for [[Advanced Photo System|APS]] format in [[DSLR]]s. The minimal factor used here is more than 5×. A 28–200 mm have a 75° to 12.3° angle of view, a 28–300 mm (or an 18–200 mm for an APS DSLR) have 75° to 8.2°. Between parenthesis are the [http://www.photodo.com/nav/prodindex.html Photodo] rating, if any.
== History and development ==
[[Image:Canon EOS 400D shot with Panasonic FZ5.jpg|thumb|250px|Sigma Superzoom 18-200mm/3.5-6.3 DC Lens attached to the [[Canon EOS 400D]].]]
The first zoom for photo cameras was introduced by Voigtländer in 1959 (Voigtländer ZOOMAR 1:2,8/36-82 mm). It was in fact designed by an independent lensmaker Zommar from Long Island, New York.
That same year Nikon introduced a Nikkor an 85-250 mm/1:4.0-4.5 for the new Nikon F.
The first zoom affordable for amateurs was the Vivitar series I 1:3.5/70-210 mm of 1973 with at that time a breathtaking focal length range. Further superzoom was a 100-500 mm/1:8 Rokkor from Minolta and a 360-1200/1:11 Nikkor from 1976.
1980 brought Tokina a wide angle - to zoom with the likewise enormous focal length range of 1:4.0/28–85 mm on the market. Only two years later Tokina presented then first superzoom shot after the today's understanding, it also covered a focal length spectrum from 35–200 mm (1982).
The focal length range was again increased 1985, when Kiron presented the first zoom lens with a focal length range of 28–210 mm.
== Models ==
=== [[Canon Inc.|Canon]] ===
* [[Canon EF-S 17-85mm lens|EF-S 17–85 mm f/4–5.6 IS USM]], 17 elements in 12 groups, 6 diaphragm blades, f/22–32 min, 35 cm close focus, 1:5 magnification, 67 mm filter, ø78.5×92mm, 475 g
* [http://www.canon-europe.com/For_Home/Product_Finder/Cameras/EF_Lenses/Zoom_Lenses/EF_28200mm_f3556_USM/ 28-200/3.5-5.6 USM], 16 elements in 12 groups, 6 diaphragm blades, ultrasonic autofocus (non-USM version is available outside Japan), f/22-36 min, 45 cm close focus, 1:3.6 magnification, 72 mm filter, ø78.4×89.6mm, 500 g
* [http://www.canon-europe.com/For_Home/Product_Finder/Cameras/EF_Lenses/Image_Stabilization_Lenses/EF_28-300_f_f3.5-5.6L_IS_USM/ 28-300/3.5-5.6L IS USM], 23 elements in 16 groups, 8 circular diaphragm blades, f/22-40 min, 70 cm close focus distance, 1:3.3 magnification, Ring USM AF, Image Stabilisation, 77 mm filter, ø92×184mm, 1,670g
* [http://www.canon.com/camera-museum/camera/lens/f_lens.html 35-350/3.5-5.6L USM], 21 elements in 15 groups, 8 diaphragm Blades, ultrasonic autofocus, f/22-32 min, 60 cm close focus, 1:4 magnification, 72 mm filter, ø85×167.4mm, 1385 g, introduced 1993
=== [[Cosina]] ===
also sold under [[Phoenix Corporation]] brand
* 28-210/4.2-6.5 IF Aspherical (2.4), 15 elements in 13 groups, 7 blades diaphragm, f/22 min, 50 cm close focus, 1:6.8 magnification, 67 mm filter, 395 g, Ø72×92,5 mm, replaced the older 28-210/3,5-5,6 (2.1)
* 28-300/4.0-6.3 (1.6), 17 elements in 15 groups, 77 mm filter, 1.9 m close focus, multicoated lenses, 570 g, f/16 min, 1:5.5 magnification, Ø82×122 mm, sliding zoom
=== [[Kiron]] ===
* 28-210/3.8-5.6 1:4 magnification, 72 mm filter
=== [[Olympus Corporation]] ===
* [http://www.four-thirds.org/en/products/standard.html#06 18-180/3.5-6.3] Zuiko digital ED, 15 elements in 13 groups, 45 cm close focus, 7 blades diaphragm, 1:4,3 magnification, 62 mm filters, Ø78×84.5mm, 435 g
=== [[Nikkor]] ===
* [http://nikonimaging.com/global/products/lens/af/dx/af-s_dx_zoom18-135mmf_35-56g_ed/ AF-S DX 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6G IF-ED], 15 elements including one ED glass and two aspherical in 13 groups, 7 rounded diaphragm blades, f/22-38 min, 45 cm close focus, 1:4.1 magnification, 385 g, ø73.5×86.5mm, 67 mm filters
* [http://nikonimaging.com/global/products/lens/af/dx/af-s_dx_vr_zoom18-200mmf_35-56g_if/index.htm AF-S DX VR 18-200/3.5-5.6G IF-ED], 16 elements including two ED glass three aspherical in 12 groups, enhanced vibration Reduction, silent wave motor AF, 7 rounded diaphragm blades, f/22-36 min, 50 cm close focus, 1:4.5 magnification, 72 mm filters, ø77×96.5mm, 560 g
* AF-S VR [http://nikonimaging.com/global/products/lens/af/zoom/af-s_vr_zoom24-120mmf_35-56g_if/ 24-120/3.5-5.6G IF-ED], 15 elements in 13 groups, 7 diaphragm blades, f/22 min, 50 cm close focus, 1:4.8 magnification, 72 mm filters, ø77×94mm, 575 g; launched [http://www.nikon-image.com/eng/news_release/2003/afsvr24-120ed.htm january 2003], supersedes the AF [http://nikonimaging.com/global/products/lens/af/zoom/af_zoom24-120mmf_35-56d_if/index.htm 24-120/3.5-5.6D IF]
* 28-200/3,5-5,6D IF (2.6) launched in [http://www.nikon.co.jp/main/eng/news/1998/jan28200-e_98.htm March 1998], 16 elements in 13 groups, 85 cm close focus, f/22 min, internal focusing, 72 mm filters, ø78×86.5mm, 555 g
* [http://nikonimaging.com/global/products/lens/af/zoom/af_zoom28-200mmf_35-56g_if/index.htm AF 28-200/3.5-5.6G IF-ED], 12 elements including 3 ED glass and 3 aspherical in 11 groups, 7 rounded diaphragm blades, f/22-36 min, 44 cm close focus, 1:3.2 magnification, 62 mm filters, ø69.5×71mm, 360 g
* 35-200/3.5-f/4.5s macro, 17 elements in 13 groups, 30 cm close focus, 1:4 magnification, ø70×139mm, 52 mm filters, 740 g, introduced in 1985, phased out in 1999. See [http://mir.com.my/rb/photography/companies/nikon/nikkoresources/zoomsMF/35200mm.htm mir.com.my/rb/photography]
* 50-300mm f/4.5, 20 elements in 13 groups, f/22 min, 250 cm close focus, 95 mm filters, ø98mm×292mm, 2300 g, introduced in 1966, Ai coupling since 1977; replaced by (s) version, ED, 15 elements in 11 groups, f/32 min, 1:6.9 magnification (Ai-S), 95 mm filters, ø98mm×247mm, 2200 g then 1950 g (Ai-S), introduced 1977, Ai-S version 1982. See [http://www.mir.com.my/rb/photography/companies/nikon/nikkoresources/zoomsMF/50300mmED.htm mir.com.my/rb/photography]
* [http://nikonimaging.com/global/products/lens/af/zoom/af_vr_zoom80-400mmf_45-56d/ AF VR 80-400/4.5-5.6D ED], 17 including 3 ED glass elements in 11 groups, Vibration Reduction, 9 diaphragm blades, f/32 min, 230 cm close focus, 1:4.8 magnification, 77 mm filters, ø91×171mm, 1210 g, 2000 Release
=== [[Pentax]] ===
* 28-200/3.8-5.6, a rebranded Tamron model.<ref>[http://www.photo.net/equipment/pentax/smc28-200 Pentax SMC-FA 28-200 F3.8-5.6] by Steve Graham, photo.net 1998</ref>
* [http://www.pentaximaging.com/footer/news_media_article?ArticleId=10271204 DA 18-250mm F3.5-6.3ED AL], f/22-45 min, 7 blades diaphragm, 16 elements in 13 groups, 45 cm close focus, 1:3.6 magnification, 62 mm filter, ø75×85.5mm, 455 g (the specifications are very close to the Tamron model)
=== [[Sigma Corporation]] ===
* [http://www.sigma-photo.co.jp/english/lens/digital/18_125_35_56.htm 18-125/3.5-5.6 DC], 15 elements in 14 groups, 7 diaphragm blades, f/22 min, 50 cm close focus, 1:5.3 magnification, 62 mm filters, ø70×77.7mm, 385 g
* [http://www.sigma-photo.co.jp/english/lens/digital/18_200_35_63.htm 18-200/3.5-6.3 DC], 15 elements in 13 groups, 7 diaphragm blades, f/22 min, 45 cm close focus, 1:4.4 magnification, 62 mm filters, ø70×78.1mm, 405 g. An OS optically stabilized version was [http://www.sigma-photo.co.jp/english/news/18_200_35_63_dc_os.htm announced] at the 2006 [[photokina]] show.
* [http://www.sigma-photo.co.jp/english/lens/standardzoom/24_135_28_45.htm 24-135mm F2.8-4.5], 16 elements in 15 groups, 9 diaphragm blades, f/32 min, 50 cm close focus, 1:4.5 magnification, 77 mm filters, ø83.6×93.4mm, 535 g
* [http://www.sigma-photo.co.jp/english/lens/standardzoom/28_200_35_56.htm 28-200/3.5-5.6 DG Macro] 16 elements in 14 groups, 8 blades diaphragm, f/22 min, 48 cm close focus, 1:3.8 magnification, 62 mm filter, ø70×77.7 mm, 400 g, replacing the 28-200/3,8-5,6 Aspherical UC and the 28-200/3,5-5,6 Asph. Hyperzoom (2.7)
* [http://www.sigma-photo.co.jp/english/lens/standardzoom/28_300_35_63.htm 28-300/3.5-6.3 DG Macro], 15 elements in 13 groups, 8 diaphragm blades, f/22 min, 50 cm close focus, 1:3 magnification, 62 mm filter, ø74×86 mm, 490 g, replacing the 28-300/3,5-5,6 DL (2.7)
* [http://www.sigma-photo.co.jp/english/lens/telezoom/80_400_45_56.htm 80-400/4.5-5.6 EX DG OS], 20 elements in 14 groups, 9 blades diaphragm, f/32 min, 180 cm close focus, 1:5 magnification, 77 mm filters, ø95×192mm, 1750 g
* [http://www.sigma-photo.co.jp/english/lens/telezoom/50_500_4_63.htm APO 50-500/4-6.3 EX DG /HSM], 20 elements in 16 groups, 9 diaphragm blades, f/22 min, 100-300cm close focus, 1:5.2 magnification, 86 mm filters, ø95×218.5mm, 1840 g
=== [[Tamron]] ===
* AF [http://www.tamron.co.jp/en/data/digital/a14.html 18-200/3.5-6.3 XR Di-II] LD Aspherical (IF) Macro (Model A14), 15 elements in 13 groups, 45 cm close focus, 1:3.7 magnification, 62 mm filter, ø73.8×83.7 mm, 398 g, 7 blades diaphragm, f/22 min
* AF [http://www.tamron.co.jp/en/news/release_2006/news0914.html AF 18-250mm F/3.5-6.3 Di-II LD] Aspherical (IF) Macro (model A18), f/22 min, 7 blades diaphragm, 16 elements in 13 groups, 45 cm close focus, 1:3.5 magnification, 62 mm filter, ø74.4×84.3mm, 430 g
* SP AF [http://www.tamron.co.jp/en/data/af-lens/190d.html 24-135/3.5-5.6 AD] Aspherical [IF] Macro (Model 190D), 14 elements in 10 groups, 7 blades diaphragm, f/22 min, 0.4 m close focus, 1:3.3 magnification, 72 mm filter, 530 g, ø78.5×80.6 mm
* AF [http://www.tamron.co.jp/en/data/af-lens/a03.html 28-200/3.8-5.6 Super Zoom XR] Aspherical (IF) Macro (Model A03) 15 elements in 14 groups, 7 blades diaphragm, f/22 min, 0.49 m close focus, 1:4 magnification, 62 mm filter, 354 g, ø71×75.2 mm; replaced the 28-200/3,8-5,6 LD (IF) Aspherical Super (2.7)
* AF [http://www.tamron.co.jp/en/news/release/news0802.html 28-300 mm F/3.5-6.3 XR] Di LD Aspherical (IF) Macro (Model A061), 15 elements in 13 groups, 0.49 m close focus, 1:2.9 magnification, 62 mm filter, ø73×83.7 mm, 420 g, 9 blades diaphragm, f/22 min; replaced the 28-300/3,5-6,3 LD Aspherical (IF) (2.6)
=== [[Tokina]] ===
* [http://www.tokina.co.jp/news/pie2006news.html 17-135/3.5-5.6 DX]
* 24-200/3.5-5.6 [http://www.thkphoto.com/products/tokina/afl-07.html AT-X 242 AF], 15 elements in 13 groups including two aspherical and two SD glass, multi-layer coatings, internal focusing, rotary zoom, 6 blades diaphragm, f/22 min, 80 cm close focus, 1:5.97 magnification, 72 mm filter, ø81.8×89 mm, 690 g
* 28-200/3.5-5.3 [http://www.thkphoto.com/products/tokina/mfl-03.html SZ-X 282 MF], f/22 min, 15 elements in 12 groups, 135 cm close focus, 1:5.5 magnification, 72 mm filter, ø74×109mm, 690 g
* 35-200/4-5,6 (2.5), the first trans-standard superzoom launched in 1982.<ref>[[:de:Chronologie der Fotografie#1975 bis 1999|Chronologie der Fotografie]], german Wikipedia</ref>
* 35-300/4,5-6,7 (0.3)
* 80-400/4.5-5.6 [http://www.thkphoto.com/products/tokina/afl-12.html AT-X840 AF D], 16 elements in 10 groups including one SD glass, f/32 min, multi-layer coatings, 250 cm close focus, 1:5.4 magnification, rotary zoom, 8 diaphragm blades, 72 mm filters, ø77.2×136.5, 1020 g, replacing the previous [http://www.thkphoto.com/products/tokina/afl-08.html AT-X 840 AF-II]
=== [[Vivitar]] ===
* 28-210/3,5-5,6 (0.9)
* 28-300/4-6,3 Series 1 (1.3)
* 28-200/3,8-5,6
== References ==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Cameras by type]]
[[Category:Photographic lenses]]
[[Category:Superzoom| ]]
[[de:Superzoomobjektiv]]
[[lb:Superzoom-Objektiv]]