Tadeusz Manteuffel
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[[Image:Tadeusz Manteuffel Polish stamp.jpg|thumb|Polish 2,500-''[[złoty]]'' postage stamp issued [[1992]], commemorating the 90th anniversary of Tadeusz Manteuffel's birth.]]
'''Tadeusz Manteuffel''' or '''Tadeusz Manteuffel-Szoege''' ([[1902]]-[[1970]]) was a [[Poland|Polish]] [[historian]], specializing in the [[Medieval]] [[history of Europe]].
== Biography ==
Manteuffel was born in [[Rēzekne]], [[Livonia]], then part of the [[Russian Empire]]. He lost his right hand in the [[Polish-Soviet War]] in 1920, when he took part in the [[battle of Warsaw (1920)|defence of Warsaw]]. He studied medieval history in Poland, [[France]], and [[Italy]] and later taught at [[Warsaw University]], becoming a known medievalist before 1939.
During the [[Second World War]], Manteuffel was an activist in the education and information section (''Biura Informacji i Propagandy Armii Krajowej'') of the [[Polish Secret State]] in [[German-occupied Poland]], where he was a contributor to and an editor of underground newspapers and brochures ("[[Wiadomości Polskie]]"),[http://www.polishresistance-ak.org/13%20Article.htm] and from 1940 to 1944 he organized [[Underground education in Poland during World War II|underground history seminars]] of the then outlawed Warsaw University.
After the war, Manteuffel was active in rebuilding Warsaw University, where he organized the History Institute with its own library. For several years (1950-1953) he was the director of the [[Polish Historical Society (Polish)|Polish Historical Society]] and he also participated in creating the [[Polish Academy of Sciences]], where he was the creator and director of the Institute of History of Polish Academy of Sciences, later named after him.
== Works ==
A student and friend of [[Marceli Handelsman]], Manteuffel dedicated his life to history - as a student, teacher, scholar and activist. He advocated the creation and clarification of historian [[code of ethics]], warned about the dangers of misinterpreting and falsifications of history. He specialized in the [[Medieval]] [[history of Europe]], [[political history]], history of [[social movements]] and [[cultural structures]].
Manteuffel was the author of many articles and books, among them "Narodziny herezji" (Birth of Heresy) and "Historia Powszechna. Średniowiecze" (Common history. The Medieval Period), "Polska w okresie prawa ksiazecego 963-1194" (The Formation of the Polish State, The Period of Ducal Rule 963-1194).
==References==
* [http://www.mnii.gov.pl/mein/index.jsp?place=Lead08&news_cat_id=687&news_id=1267&layout=2&page=psci Biography at the Polish Ministry of Science and Education] {{pl icon}} <!--translation of this Polish article was the main reference for the first entry-->
* [http://www.ihpan.edu.pl/indexa.htm Homepage of The Tadeusz Manteuffel Institute of History]
== Further reading ==
*[[Paul W. Knoll]], "Forward: Tadeusz Manteuffel, The Man, The Historian, and Historiography," in Tadeusz Manteuffel, The Formation of the Polish State, The Period of Ducal Rule 963-1194, translated by Andrew Gorski (from Polska w okresie prawa ksiazecego 963-1194 in Historyk wobec historii [Warsaw, 1976--a selection of Manteuffel's writings]) (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1982), pp. 7-20.
{{BD|1902|1970|Manteuffel, Tadeusz}}
[[Category:People from Rēzekne]]
[[Category:People from Livonia]]
[[Category:Polish historians]]
[[pl:Tadeusz Manteuffel]]