Tallow 212396 221124448 2008-06-23T03:59:24Z Caspian blue 3029314 +img {{otheruses}} [[Image:Tallow-beef suet after rendering.jpg|thumb|240px|Tallow made by rendering calf [[suet]]]] '''Tallow''' is a [[rendering (industrial)|rendered]] form of [[beef]] or [[mutton]] [[fat]], processed from [[suet]]. It is solid at room temperature. Unlike suet, tallow can be stored for extended periods without the need for [[refrigeration]] to prevent [[decomposition]], provided it is kept in an airtight container to prevent [[oxidation]]. Rendered fat obtained from [[pig]]s is known as ''[[lard]]''. == Uses == It is used in animal feed, to make [[soap]], for [[cooking]], and as a [[Birdfeeding|bird food]]. It can be used as a raw material for the production of [[biodiesel]] and other [[oleochemical]]s. Historically, it was used to make tallow [[candle]]s, which were a cheaper alternative to wax candles. Industrially, tallow is not strictly defined as beef or [[mutton]] fat. In this context, tallow is animal fat that conforms to certain technical criteria, including its [[melting point]], which is also known as [[titre]]. It is common for commercial tallow to contain fat derived from other animals, such as pigs. Amid concerns in the 1990s over high [[cholesterol]] content, and concern from [[Hinduism|Hindus]] (many of whom do not [[taboo food and drink#Cows|consume food derived from beef]]) and [[vegetarians]] of inadequate labelling, [[McDonald's]] [[french fries]] were cooked in a mixture 93% beef tallow and 7% [[cottonseed oil]].<ref>Schlosser, Eric (2001). ''Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of All-American Meal''. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-395-97789-4</ref> Tallow is used in the [[steel]] rolling industry to provide the required lubrication as the sheet steel is compressed through the [[steel roller]]s. There is a trend towards replacing tallow based [[lubrication]] with synthetic oils in rolling applications for surface cleanliness reasons.<ref>[http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/4891161-description.html Cold rolling mill lubricant - US Patent 4891161<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Tallow can also be used as [[flux (metallurgy)|flux]] for [[soldering]].<ref>[http://www.fantasyinglass.com/SiteDoc/flux.html Hey Flux<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Tallow is also the primary ingredient in Proofide, a leather dressing made especially for Brooks leather bicycle saddles, in combination with cod oil, vegetable oil, paraffin wax, beeswax, and citronella oil. == Composition == {{nutritionalvalue | name=Beef Tallow | kJ=3774 | protein=0 g | fat=100 g | carbs=0 g | satfat=50 g | monofat=42 g | polyfat=4 g | opt1n=[[Cholesterol]] | opt1v=109 mg | opt3n=[[Selenium]] | opt3v=0.2 mg | right=1 | source_usda=1 | note=Fat percentage can vary. }} The composition of the fatty acids is typically as follows:<ref>National Research Council, 1976, ''Fat Content and Composition of Animal Products'', Printing and Publishing Office, National Academy of Science, Washington, D.C., ISBN 0-309-02440-4; p. 203, [http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?chapselect=yo&page=203&record_id=22&Jump+to+Specified+Page.x=0&Jump+to+Specified+Page.y=0 online edition]</ref> *Saturated fatty acids: **[[Palmitic acid]]: 26 % **[[Stearic acid]]: 14 % **[[Myristic acid]]: 3 % *Monounsaturated fatty acids: **[[Oleic acid]]: 47 % **[[Palmitoleic acid]]: 3 % *Polyunsaturated fatty acids: **[[Linoleic acid]]: 3 % **[[Linolenic acid]]: 1 % == References == {{reflist}} {{fatsandoils}} [[Category:Animal fat products]] [[Category:Cooking fats]] [[Category:Garde manger]] [[br:Soav]] [[de:Talg]] [[eo:Sebo]] [[fr:Suif]] [[is:Tólg]] [[it:Sego]] [[nl:Talg (dierlijk)]] [[ja:ヘット]] [[no:Talg]] [[nn:Talg]] [[pl:Łój]] [[sv:Talg]] [[zh:牛脂]]