Teruel 68299 222049537 2008-06-27T09:17:34Z Firsfron 158443 link to article instead of redirect, Replaced: [[Tyrannosaurus rex]] → [[Tyrannosaurus|Tyrannosaurus rex]] using [[Project:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]] {{Spanish city | native_name = Teruel| spanish_name = Teruel| image_flag = | image_flag_size = | image_coat_of_arms = Escudo de Teruel.svg| image_coat_of_arms_size = 150px| image_city_map = Teruel, Spain location.png| image_city_map_size =200px| image_city_map_caption = | lat_long = {{coor dm|40|35|N|1|1|W}}| time_zone = CET (GMT +1)| time_zone_summer = CEST (GMT +2)| image_skyline =| image_skyline_size = | founded =1171| native_language = Spanish| community = Aragon| community_link = Aragon| province = Teruel| province_link = Teruel (province)| comarca = | comarca_link = | divisions = | neighborhoods = | mayor =Miguel Ferrer| political_party =PAR| political_party_link =Aragonese Party| area =440| altitude = 915| population = 34,240| date-population = 2006| population-ranking = | density = 78.17| date-density = 2006| website = http://www.teruel.es| postal_code = 44001-44003| area_code = | }} [[Image:Catedral de Teruel.png|thumb|300px|right|View of the [[mudéjar]] [[Teruel Cathedral|Cathedral of Teruel]].]] '''Teruel''' is a city in [[Aragon]], [[Spain]], the capital of [[Teruel (province)|Teruel Province]]. It has a population of 34,240 in 2006. It is noted for its harsh [[climate]], its ''[[jamón serrano]]'' (cured ham), its [[pottery]] and its famous Fiestas (''La vaquilla del ángel'' during the second weekend of July and "Bodas de Isabel de Segura" around the third weekend of February). Teruel's remote and mountainous location (it is 915 metres above sea level) and its low population has led to relative isolation within Spain. A campaign group with the slogan ''"Teruel existe" ''("Teruel exists") was founded in [[1999]] to press for greater recognition and investment in the city and the province. Due in part to the campaign, transport connections to Teruel are being greatly improved with the construction of a [[motorway]] between [[Zaragoza]] and [[Sagunto]], large parts of which are now open. However, Teruel remains the only provincial capital in Spain without a direct [[railway]] link to the capital, [[Madrid]]. ==History== Teruel was founded in 1176 by Sancho Sánchez Muñoz and Blasco Garcés Marcilla. In the Middle Ages Teruel possessed a prominent Jewish community, which enjoyed several privileges, and which paid in the fourteenth century a yearly tax of 300 sueldos. Its members were engaged in commerce and industry, especially in wool-weaving. During the persecutions of 1391 many of them were killed, while others accepted Christianity in order to save their lives.[http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=160&letter=T&search=teruel] Teruel was fought over in the [[Spanish Civil War]] and suffered much destruction. The [[Battle of Teruel]] in December 1937-February 1938, was one of the bloodiest of the war. The city changed hands several times, first falling to the Republicans and eventually being re-taken by the Nationalists. In the course of the fighting, Teruel was subjected to heavy artillery and ariel bombardment. The two sides suffered up to 100,000 casualties between them in the three month battle. ==Main sights== The beauty of the city's cultural inheritance, which has some [[Islamic]] influence, has been recognised by UNESCO, which includes four churches in the [[World Heritage Site]] ''[[Mudéjar Architecture of Aragon]]'', notably the city's ornate [[Teruel Cathedral|cathedral]] in the [[Mudejar|Mudéjar]] style. One of Teruel's best known [[monument]]s is very small statue of a bull on top of a tall column, known as ''El Torico'' ("the little bull"). It is located in the main square, ''Plaza Carlos Castell'', more commonly known as the ''Plaza del Torico'' in the middle of the city center. Other sights include: *The Gothic church of St. Francis (1391-1492). *''Los Arcos'', an aqueduct with two orders of arcade from 1538. *''San Pedro'', a notable ''mudéjar ''church (16th century) with a tower similar to that of the cathedral. It includes a mausoleum housing the [[mummy|mummified]] bodies of Isabel Segura (a rich lady) and Diego de Marcilla (a poor man who battled at Crusades to earn some money with the intention to return to get married with Isabel) whose love ended tragically. This story is known as ''[[Lovers of Teruel|los amantes de Teruel]]'' and has inspired writers (for example Hartzenbusch) and an opera composed by [[Tomás Bretón]]. *Church of ''La Merced'', with a tower in ''mudéjar'' style. *Church of ''San Salvador'' (17th century), with one of the most outstanding ''mudéjar'' towers. It houses a 14th century wooden sculpture of Christ. *Church of ''San Martín'' (17th century). *Church of ''San Miguel'' (12th century), remade in the 17th century in Baroque style. *''Castillo de Alambes'', a 15th century fortification built over the Arabic Alcazar. *''Torre de San Martín'' (13th century), in ''mudéjar'' style, considered the most beautiful in Teruel. ==Miscellaneous== On the outskirts of Teruel is Dinópolis Teruel, a combined [[theme park]] and [[museum]] centred around [[dinosaur]]s. Promoted as a ''Parque paleontológico'' ([[paleontology|paleontological]] park), it includes a life-size robotic model of a ''[[Tyrannosaurus|Tyrannosaurus rex]]''.[http://www.elmundo.es/metropoli/2005/09/23/ninos/1127426456.html] Dinópolis also owns three other museums in the surrounding area, which display the remains of dinosaurs discovered in the region.[http://www.dinopolis.com/]. The chimney of [[Teruel Power Plant]] belongs to the tallest freestanding structures in Western Europe. ==Famous people== * [[David Civera]] * [[Lucía Gómez]] (the mayor since [[2003]]) * [[Manuel Macías y Casado]], general and military governor ==See also== * [[Diocese of Teruel and Albarracín]]. * [[Lovers of Teruel]] ==External links== {{commons|:Category:Teruel|Teruel}} *[http://www.teruelexiste.net/ Teruel existe] *[http://www.teruel.com/index_en.html Teruel Travelguide and Hotel bookings in English] *[http://www.teruel.net/ The main page of Teruel's City Hall] *English [http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/378/ World Heritage Centre] *[http://www.flickr.com/search/?q=teruel&w=all Flickr Photos] {{coor title dm|40|21|N|1|06|W|region:ES_type:city}} [[Category:Municipalities in Teruel]] [[ar:تيروال]] [[an:Tergüel]] [[ca:Terol]] [[cs:Teruel]] [[cy:Teruel]] [[de:Teruel]] [[es:Teruel]] [[eo:Teruelo]] [[eu:Teruel]] [[fa:تروئل]] [[fr:Teruel]] [[gl:Teruel]] [[hr:Teruel (grad)]] [[id:Teruel]] [[it:Teruel]] [[la:Terulium]] [[nl:Teruel (stad)]] [[ja:テルエル]] [[oc:Teròl]] [[pl:Teruel]] [[pt:Teruel]] [[ro:Teruel]] [[ru:Теруэль]] [[sr:Теруел]] [[tr:Teruel]]