Tettigoniidae
17003
220429729
2008-06-19T20:38:55Z
Oxymoron83
4414625
Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/24.151.112.166|24.151.112.166]] ([[User talk:24.151.112.166|talk]]) to last version by Oxymoron83
''For the rock band Katydids, see [[Katydids (band)]].''
{{Taxobox
| name = Tettigoniidae
|fossil_range=[[Carboniferous]] - Recent
| image = Tettigonia viridissima AB.jpg
| image_caption = Great green bush-cricket<br />(''[[Tettigonia viridissima]]'')
| image_width = 220px
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a
| classis = [[Insect]]a
| ordo = [[Orthoptera]]
| subordo = [[Ensifera]]
| superfamilia = '''Tettigonioidea'''
| familia = '''Tettigoniidae'''
| familia_authority = [[Hermann August Krauss|Krauss]], 1902
| subdivision_ranks = Subfamilies
| subdivision =
*[[Acridoxeninae]]
*[[Agraeciinae]]
*[[Austrosaginae]]
*[[Bradyporinae]]
*[[Conocephalinae]]
*[[Copiphorinae]]
*[[Decticinae]]<!-- JInsectConserv2:143 -->
*[[Ephippigerinae]]
*[[Hetrodinae]]
*[[Lipotactinae]]
*[[Listroscelidinae]]
*[[Meconematinae]]
*[[Mecopodinae]]
*[[Microtettigoniinae]]
*[[Phaneropterinae]]
*[[Phasmodinae]]
*[[Phyllophorinae]]
*[[Pseudophyllinae]]
*[[Saginae]]
*[[Tettigoniinae]]
*[[Tympanophorinae]]
*[[Zaprochilinae]]
}}
The [[family (biology)|family]] '''Tettigoniidae''', known in [[American English]] as '''katydids''' and in [[British English]] as '''bush-crickets''', contains more than 6,400 [[species]]. It is part of the suborder [[Ensifera]] and the only family in the superfamily Tettigonoidea. They are also known as '''long-horned grasshoppers''', although they are more closely related to [[Cricket_(insect)|cricket]]s than to grasshoppers.
Tettigoniids may be distinguished from [[grasshopper]]s by the length of their [[antenna (biology)|antennae]], which may exceed their own body length, while grasshoppers' antennae are always relatively short.
The name "katydid" comes from the sound produced by species of the North American [[genus]] ''[[Pterophylla]]'' (literally "winged leaf"). The males of katydids have sound-producing [[organ (anatomy)|organs]] (via [[stridulation]]) located on the hind angles of their front wings, which in some species produce a [http://buzz.ifas.ufl.edu/141a.htm sound] thought to resemble the words "Katy did, Katy didn't", hence the name. In some species females are also capable of stridulation.
There are about 255 [[species]] in [[North America]], but the majority of species live in the [[tropical]] regions of the world.
The [[diet (nutrition)|diet]] of tettigoniids includes [[leaves]], [[flowers]], [[bark]], and [[seed]]s, but many species are exclusively [[predator]]y, feeding on other [[insect]]s, [[snail]]s or even small [[vertebrate]]s such as [[snake]]s and [[lizard]]s. Some are also considered pests by commercial crop growers and are sprayed to limit growth. Large katydids can inflict a painful bite or pinch if handled but seldom break the skin.
The [[spike headed katydid]] is somewhat notorious for its plantlike appearance, which allows it to blend in with the vegetation on which it lives, and the spikes discourage potential predators.
The males provide a nuptial gift for the females in the form of a [[spermatophore]], a nutritious body produced with the males' ejaculate.
The katydid is a leaf-like insect which camouflages on leaves.The eggs of a katydids are oval shaped and laid in branches and are laid in lines.
==Photo gallery==
{| border="2" align="left"
|-
| valign="middle"|
[[Image:Speckled_bush-cricket_nymph_3.jpg|thumb|135px|center|Speckled Bush Cricket (nymph) Northamptonshire, England]]
| valign="middle"|
[[Image:Dark_bush-cricket_nymph.jpg|thumb|135px|center|Dark Bush Cricket (nymph) Northamptonshire, England]]
| valign="middle"|
[[Image:Katydid.jpg|Tettigoniid on a rock|thumb|135px|center]]
|-
| valign="middle"|
[[Image:criquet.1(L).jpg|center|A green bush cricket sitting on a leaf|thumb|135px]]
| valign="middle"|
[[Image:Cricket.jpg|Note the long antennae|thumb|135px|center]]
| valign="middle"|
[[Image:GreenKatydid.jpg|thumb|135px|center]]
|-
| valign="middle"|
[[Image:Katydid5835.JPG|thumb|135px|center]]
| valign="middle"|
[[Image:Katydid2.jpg|thumb|135px|center]]
| valign="middle"|
[[Image:TettigoniidaeX.jpg|thumb|135px|center]]
|-
| valign="middle"|
[[Image:2006_09_13_Katydid.jpg|thumb|135px|center]]
| valign="middle"|
[[Image:katydid_tx.jpg|thumb|135px|center|Angle-wing Katydid (Microcentrum) in [[North Texas]]]]
| valign="middle"|
[[Image:Katydid_by_night.jpg|thumb|135px|center|Katydid in the night near Torino, Italy]]
|-
| valign="middle"|
[[image:Conocephalus nigropleurum.jpg|thumb|135px|center|''Conocephalus nigropleurum'']]
| valign="middle"|
[[image:Katydid Caedicia simplex.jpg|thumb|135px|center|Juvenile male Caedicia simplex. Auckland , New Zealand. Also found in Australia.]]
|}{{clr}}
==External links==
{{Commonscat}}
{{Wikispecies}}
*[http://www.cirrusimage.com/orthoptera_katydid.htm Bush katydid genus ''Scudderia'' Stål, 1873 - diagnostic photographs, natural history]
*[http://www.cirrusimage.com/orthoptera_katydid_Conocephalus.htm Black-sided meadow katydid - ''Conocephalus nigropleurum'' - diagnostic photographs]
* [http://bugguide.net/node/view/164 BugGuide.net--family ''Tettigoniidae '']
*[http://buzz.ifas.ufl.edu/index.htm Singing Insects of North America (SINA) website.]
*[http://bugguide.net/node/view/32354 Bug guide.net-- Pink Katydid]
*[http://buzz.ifas.ufl.edu/katydids.htm North American Katydids, with range maps and audio files of katydid songs.]
*[http://insectframes.com/Details/Katydid.htm Picture of a framed giant katydid from Malaysia.]
[[Category:Orthoptera]]
[[da:Løvgræshoppe]]
[[et:Ritsiklased]]
[[fr:Tettigoniidae]]
[[ko:여치과]]
[[lt:Žiogai]]
[[hu:Fürgeszöcskefélék]]
[[ja:キリギリス科]]
[[pl:Pasikonikowate]]
[[pt:Tettigoniidae]]
[[ru:Кузнечиковые]]
[[fi:Hepokatit]]
[[sv:Vårtbitare]]
[[vi:Họ Muỗm]]
[[zh:螽斯科]]