Texas Tech University
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{{dablink|"Texas Tech" redirects here. For other system schools, see [[Texas Tech University System]].}}
{{Infobox_University
|name = Texas Tech University
|native_name =
|latin_name =
|image_name = TTlogo.png
|motto = ''From here, it's possible.''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.depts.ttu.edu/communications/identityguidelines/idguidelines/ttu/brand.php#tagline|title=TTU.edu Identity Guidelines - Tagline|accessdate=2008-07-11}}</ref>
|established = [[February 10]], [[1923]]
|type = [[state university system|State university]]
|endowment = $641.6 million<ref>"[http://media.www.dailytoreador.com/media/storage/paper870/news/2008/01/30/News/Techs.Endowment.Fund.Ranks.118th.In.Nation.Sees.Nearly.20.Percent.Growth-3175208.shtml Tech's endowment fund ranks 118th in nation, sees nearly 20 percent growth]".</ref>
|staff =
|faculty = 2,384<ref name="Faculty">"{{cite web|url=http://www.irs.ttu.edu/NEWFACTBOOK/Faculty/2006/F06RANK.htm|title=Faculty Count by Rank: Fall 2006|publisher=Texas Tech University|date=[[November 13]], [[2006]]|accessdate=2007-07-29}}</ref>
|president = [[Guy Bailey]]<ref>[http://www.kansascity.com/105/story/690160.html UMKC chancellor to leave for Texas Tech job]</ref>
|provost =
|principal =
|rector =
|chancellor =
|vice_chancellor =
|dean =
|head_label =
|head =
|students = 28,260
|undergrad = 23,021
|postgrad = 4,546
|doctoral = 693
|city = [[Lubbock, Texas|Lubbock]]
|state = [[Texas]]
|country = [[United States|U.S.]]
|campus = Urban, 1,839 acres (7 km²)
|nickname = [[Texas Tech Red Raiders|Red Raiders]]
|colors = [[Red (color)|Red]] and [[Black (color)|Black]] {{color box|#CC0000}}{{color box|#000000}}
|colours =
|mascot = [[Image:MRlogo.png|50px|Texas Tech University The Masked Rider logo]] [[The Masked Rider|Masked Rider]]<br />[[Raider Red]] [[Image:Raiderred.png|50px|Texas Tech University The Masked Rider logo]]
|affiliations = [[Big 12 Conference]]
|website = http://www.ttu.edu
|footnotes = Logos are trademarks of Texas Tech University.<br />Enrollment figures are as of Fall 2007.<ref name="enrollment">"[http://www.irs.ttu.edu/NEWFACTBOOK/2007/Enrollment/F07ENRCOLL.htm Total Enrollment by College - Fall 2007]".</ref>
}}
[[Image:TTUclock.JPG|right|thumb|228px|Clock tower]]
'''Texas Tech University''' is a [[public university|public]], [[coeducation]]al [[research]] [[university]] located in [[Lubbock, Texas|Lubbock]], [[Texas]], [[United States|U.S.]] Established on [[February 10]], [[1923]], and originally known as Texas Technological College, it is the leading institution of the [[Texas Tech University System]] and has the [[List of largest Texas universities by enrollment|sixth largest]] student body in the state of Texas. With 1,839 acres, it has the second largest contiguous campus in the United States and is the only school in Texas to house an undergraduate institution, [[law school]], and [[medical school]] at the same location.
The [[Texas Tech Red Raiders]] are members of the [[Big 12 Conference]] and compete in [[Division I]] for all varsity sports. The [[Texas Tech Red Raiders football|Red Raiders football team]] has made 31 bowl appearances, which is tied for [[List of schools by Bowl appearances|17th most]] of any university.<ref>[http://cfbdatawarehouse.com/data/bowls/team_records_most_bowls.php Team Records - Most Bowl Appearances]</ref> The men's basketball team has made 14 appearances in the [[NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship|NCAA Division I Tournament]]. [[Bob Knight]], the winningest coach in men's [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] D-1 basketball history, served as the team's head coach from 2001 to 2008. The Lady Raiders women's basketball team won the [[1993 NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Tournament|1993]] [[NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Championship|women's national championship]].
== History ==
The call to open a college in [[West Texas]] began shortly after the arrival of settlers in the area. In 1917, the Texas legislature passed a bill creating a branch of [[Texas A&M University|Texas A&M]] to be located in [[Abilene, Texas|Abilene]]. However, the bill was repealed during the next session after it was discovered that [[James E. Ferguson|Governor James E. Ferguson]] had provided inaccurate information concerning the site committee's choice of location. In 1923, the legislature decided that, rather than a branch, an entirely new university system should be created to serve the needs of the region.<ref name="Handbook">{{cite web|url=http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/TT/kct32.html|title=Handbook of Texas Online: TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY|publisher=Texas State Historical Association|accessdate=2008-03-28}}</ref>
On [[February 10]], [[1923]], [[Pat Morris Neff|Governor Pat Neff]] signed the legislation creating Texas Technological College and a committee began searching for a site. Because Abilene was already home to three private colleges, it was not considered a desirable location.<ref>[http://grad.ba.ttu.edu/GSC_Tech_Lubbock/GSC_Tech_and_Lubbock_History.asp Texas Tech History<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> When the selection committee visited Lubbock, people lined the streets to show support for the idea of hosting the institution. In August, Lubbock was chosen on the first ballot and construction began soon thereafter. With an enrollment of 914, Texas Technological College opened for classes on [[September 30]], [[1925]]. It was originally composed of four schools—Agriculture, Engineering, Home Economics, and Liberal Arts.<ref name="Handbook" /><ref>http://www.ttu.edu/traditions/birth.php</ref>
By the 1960s, the school had expanded its offerings to more than just technical subjects. The Faculty Advisory Committee suggested changing the name to "Texas State University", feeling the phrase "Technological College" was insufficient to define the scope of the institution. While most students supported this change, the Board of Directors and many alumni, wanting to preserve the Double-T logo, opposed it. Other names—University of the Southwest, Texas Technological College and State University, and The Texas University of Art, Science and Technology—were considered, but the Board of Directors chose Texas Tech University, submitting it to the state legislature in 1964. A failed move by [[John Connally|Governor John Connally]] to have the school placed into the [[Texas A&M University System]] kept the name change from being approved. In spite of objections by many students and faculty, the Board of Directors again submitted the change in 1969 and it finally received the legislature's approval. All of the institutions schools, except Law, became colleges.<ref name="Handbook" /><ref>[http://www.swco.ttu.edu/University_Archive/pdf/1990.pdf Property of Southwest Collection / Special Collections Library<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
Texas Tech continued to grow. During the 1960s and 1970s, $150 million was invested in the campus to construct buildings for the library, foreign languages, social sciences, communications, philosophy, electrical and petroleum engineering, art, and architecture. Some other buildings were significantly expanded.<ref>[http://www.texastech.edu/welcome.php#mission Texas Tech University System:: Welcome to the Texas Tech University System<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
The university reached another milestone in 1979 when the Texas Legislature expanded the medical school charter, creating the [[Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center]]. TTUHSC, now part of the [[Texas Tech University System]], includes schools of nursing, allied health, pharmacy, and a graduate school of biomedical sciences. It has locations in four Texas cities in addition to the main campus in Lubbock.
[[Image:TTUamin1923.jpg|left|thumb|200px|Administration Building (1925)]]
In 1996, Texas Tech took another important step toward enlarging its vision and reach. The Board of Regents established the Texas Tech University System, and appointed a [[Chancellor (education)|chancellor]] to provide leadership and support for the combined academic enterprise. Regents Chair Ed Whitacre cited the size and complexity of the institution in making the change. "It's time", he said, "to take the university into the 21st century..."
The intervening decade saw a great deal of growth. Since fiscal year 2000, Texas Tech has invested over $548 million in new construction and has received over $65.9 million in private donations.<ref>[http://www.texastech.edu/welcome.php#mission Texas Tech University System:: Welcome to the Texas Tech University System<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Although Tech is not currently a [[Flagship#University campuses|flagship]] university of the [[Texas|State of Texas]], Texas State Senator [[Kirk Watson]] is conducting a study to explore the possibility of expanding the number of Texas state flagships. Texas Tech is a leading candidate for inclusion in such an expansion.<ref name="Flagship">{{cite web|url=http://media.www.dailytoreador.com/media/storage/paper870/news/2007/02/01/News/Senator.To.Create.Study.To.Establish.New.Flagship.School.In.Texas-2689759.shtml | title=Senator to create study to establish new flagship school in Texas|publisher=''[[The Daily Toreador]]''| date= 2007-02-04|accessdate=2007-07-29}}</ref>
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== Profile ==
=== Enrollment ===
Texas Tech, the sixth largest university in Texas and the largest school in West Texas, has an enrollment of 28,260 students, representing 46 [[U.S. state]]s and multiple foreign countries. Most of the students come from Texas (85.17%), followed by [[New Mexico]], [[California]], [[Oklahoma]], [[Colorado]], and [[Kansas]].<ref>[http://www.irim.ttu.edu/NEWFACTBOOK/FactSheets/FactSheet-Fall2007.pdf Texas Tech University 2007-2008 Fact Sheet]</ref> Enrollment has been increasing in recent years and growth is on track with a plan to have 40,000 students by the year 2020.<ref name="Growth">{{cite web|url=http://media.www.dailytoreador.com/media/storage/paper870/news/2007/08/27/News/Tech-Enrollment.Shows.Increase.On.Track.With.2020.Goal-2935712.shtml?reffeature=htmlemailedition | title=Tech enrollment shows increase, on track with 2020 goal|publisher=''[[The Daily Toreador]]''| date= 2007-08-27|accessdate=2007-08-29}}</ref>
Since 1927, the university has awarded 160,007 bachelors, 30,985 masters, 5,197 doctoral, and 6,477 law degrees.<ref>[http://www.irs.ttu.edu/ARCHIVE/DEGAWD/DEGSEXFR27.HTM Degree Conferred Since 1927<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
=== Accreditation and organization ===
Texas Tech University receives its accreditation from the [[Southern Association of Colleges and Schools]] (SACS). The university offers 150 [[bachelor's degree|bachelor's]], 104 [[master's degree|master's]], and 59 [[doctoral degree]] programs. Texas Tech has five satellite campuses located in Texas—in [[Texas Tech University at Abilene|Abilene]], [[Texas Tech University at Amarillo|Amarillo]], [[Texas Tech University at Fredericksburg|Fredericksburg]], [[Texas Tech University at Highland Lakes|Highland Lakes]], and [[Texas Tech University Center at Junction|Junction]]. There are also two satellite campuses in Europe, located in [[Texas Tech University Center in Quedlinburg|Quedlinburg, Germany]] and [[Texas Tech University Center in Seville|Seville, Spain]]. Additional study-abroad programs are offered in [[Czech Republic|The Czech Republic]], [[Denmark]], [[England]], [[France]], [[Italy]], [[Mexico]], and [[Norway]].<ref>[http://www.depts.ttu.edu/honors/study_abroad.html Texas Tech University:: Honors College<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
Texas Tech's main campus is divided into twelve colleges and schools:
*[[Texas Tech University College of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources|College of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources]]
*[[Texas Tech University College of Architecture|College of Architecture]]
*[[Texas Tech University College of Arts & Sciences|College of Arts & Sciences]]
*[[Rawls College of Business]]
*[[Texas Tech University College of Education|College of Education]]
*[[Texas Tech University College of Engineering|College of Engineering]]
*[http://www.depts.ttu.edu/honors Honors College]
*[[Texas Tech University College of Human Sciences|College of Human Sciences]]
*[[Texas Tech University College of Mass Communications|College of Mass Communications]]
*[[Texas Tech University College of Visual & Performing Arts|College of Visual & Performing Arts]]
*[[Texas Tech University Graduate School|Graduate School]]
*[[Texas Tech University School of Law|School of Law]]
The 1,839-acre Lubbock campus is home to the main academic university, law school, and medical school ([[Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center|Health Sciences Center]]). This arrangement makes it the only institution in Texas, and one of the few worldwide, to have all three units (undergraduate institution, law school, and medical school) on the same campus.<ref>The [[University of Texas System]] has four medical schools, but none are located in Austin, the site of [[University of Texas at Austin|its main campus]] and [[University of Texas School of Law|only law school]]. Neither the [[Texas A&M University System]] nor [[University of North Texas System]] has a law school, and the [[University of Houston System]] has no medical school. [[Baylor University]] only has a [[Baylor Law School|law school]] in Waco. [[Baylor College of Medicine]], which is in Houston, has not been part of Baylor University since 1969. Baylor also operates the [[Baylor University Medical Center]], which is a [[hospital]] system.</ref>
== Campus ==
[[Image:Pfluger.jpg|thumb|170px|right|The Pfluger Fountain]]
Situated on 1,839 acres, Texas Tech has the second largest contiguous university campus in the United States.<ref>http://ttulawsba.org/r3801.pdf</ref> The campus, which boasts [[Spanish Renaissance]] [[Architecture of the Spanish Renaissance|architecture]], was described by American author [[James Michener]] as the "most beautiful west of the Mississippi until you get to [[Stanford]]."<ref>[http://www.visitlubbock.org/attr_mustsee.asp Lubbock, Texas Attractions Must Sees]</ref><ref>[http://www.depts.ttu.edu/communications/news/stories/07-08-pretty-campus-msn.php Texas Tech University:: Pretty Texas Tech<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> In 2007, the [[Professional Grounds Management Society]] awarded Texas Tech a Green Star Award for excellence in grounds-keeping.<ref>[http://www.pgms.org/2007greenstar/index.htm PGMS Green Star Awards - Honoring the Best in Grounds Management<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
The Texas Tech University Public Art Collection was created in 1998 by the [[Board of Regents]] to enliven the campus environment and extend the educational mission of the university. It is funded by using 1% of the estimated total cost of each new building on campus.<ref>http://www.fpc.ttu.edu/pub_files/UPAC07.pdf</ref> The art collection features some of the most prominent artists in the nation including [[Tom Otterness]] and [[Glenna Goodacre]]. The TTU Public Art Collection is ranked in the top ten university public art collections in the nation.<ref>[http://www.texastech.edu/stories/0605-public-art.php Texas Tech University:: Texas Tech Public Art Program Named One of Ten Best<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
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=== Research facilities ===
[[Image:TTUSWlibrary.JPG|left|thumb|170px|Special Collections Library]]
Texas Tech maintains a number of libraries, both general-purpose and specific (such as the Architecture and Law libraries). The most notable of these are the Southwest Collection/Special Collections Library and the Vietnam Archive, one of the world's largest and most comprehensive collections of information on the [[Vietnam War]].<ref>[http://www.vfw.org/index.cfm?fa=news.newsDtl&did=2367 Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW) :: News<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> On [[August 17]], [[2007]], the Texas Tech Vietnam Center became the first U.S. institution to sign a formalized exchange agreement with the State Records and Archives Department of [[Vietnam]]. This opens the door for a two-way exchange between the entities.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://media.www.dailytoreador.com/media/storage/paper870/news/2007/08/27/News/Tech-Signs.Agreement.With.Vietnam.For.Records-2937042.shtml?reffeature= |title=Tech signs agreement with Vietnam for records |publisher=''[[The Daily Toreador]]'' |date=[[August 27]], [[2007]] |accessdate=2007-08-07}}</ref>
The Museum of Texas Tech University, founded in 1929, is home to over three million objects and specimens. The museum houses art galleries, a sculpture court, a planetarium, and a natural science research laboratory.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.depts.ttu.edu/museumttu/about.html |title=About the Museum |publisher=Museum of Texas Tech University |date=2007 |accessdate=2007-03-24}}</ref>
Following a tornado that caused 26 fatalities and over $100 million in damage in 1970, the [[Wind Science and Engineering Research Center]] was established. The WISE Center is focused on research, education, and information outreach. The comprehensive and interdisciplinary research program aspires to exploit the useful qualities of wind and to mitigate its detrimental effects. The Center offers education in wind-science and engineering to develop professionals who are experts in creating designs which deal effectively with problems caused by high winds. The WISE contributed significantly to the development of the [[Enhanced Fujita Scale]] for rating the strength of tornadoes.
Located on the northern edge of the campus is the [[National Ranching Heritage Center]], a museum of ranching history. It features a number of authentic early Texas ranch buildings as well as windmills, a railroad depot, and other historic buildings.
[[Image:TTcc.jpg|170px|right|thumb|International Cultural Center]]
The university also maintains the [[Lubbock Lake Landmark]], an important archaeological site and natural history preserve in the city of Lubbock. The site has evidence of nearly 12,000 years of use by ancient cultures on the [[Llano Estacado]] (Southern High Plains), and allows visitors to watch active archaeological digs. The site offers the opportunity for visiting scientists and tourists to participate in the discovery process. Lubbock Lake Landmark is listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]], and is a designated National Historic and State Archaeological Landmark.
The Office of International Affairs supports and facilitates the international mission of Texas Tech University. It provides services for faculty and students, offers international educational and cultural experiences for the school and community, and is a major contributor to the university's globalization process and its growing reputation as a major international educational and research center. The International Cultural Center is a significant service center and is Texas Tech University's signature statement of its commitment to international education. It provides a continual series of conferences, lectures, art exhibitions, and performances.<ref>[http://www.iaff.ttu.edu/main/history.asp Texas Tech University:: Office of International Affairs<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
=== Sports facilities ===
[[Image:JonesInterior.JPG|thumb|170px|left|Jones AT&T Stadium]]
[[Jones AT&T Stadium]] serves as home to the Red Raiders football team. The stadium, named for Clifford B. and Audrey Jones, opened in 1947. The original seating capacity was 27,000, but it was expanded in 1959, 1972, and again in 2003 to the current capacity of 53,000. In March 2007, a $40 million upgrade was announced. It will add 10,000 new seats and a five-story building for club, retail, and suite space. Another expansion of 20,000 seats will take place over the next 20 years.<ref>[http://www.lubbockonline.com/stories/031407/loc_031407052.shtml Tech talk turns to upgrades for sports facilities]</ref>
The [[United Spirit Arena]] is a 15,020-seat multi-purpose arena that opened in 1999. It is home to the Texas Tech Red Raiders and Lady Raiders basketball teams and volleyball team. [[United Supermarkets]], a Lubbock based supermarket chain with numerous stores in west Texas, made a major contribution to the facility's construction and was granted naming rights.
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== Athletics ==
{{main|Texas Tech Red Raiders}}
{{seealso|Texas Tech Red Raiders baseball|Texas Tech Red Raiders men's basketball|Texas Tech Red Raiders football}}
[[Image:Ebritton.jpg|thumb|170px|right|Tech in action at SMU in 2007.]]
Texas Tech's men's athletic teams are all known as the Red Raiders. The women's athletic teams are known as the Lady Raiders. Texas Tech is a member of the [[Big 12 Conference]] and competes in [[Division I|Division I-A]]. The university was a member of the [[Border Intercollegiate Athletic Association]] from 1932 to 1956. Texas Tech became a member of the [[Southwest Athletic Conference]] in May 1956 and remained so until the conference was disbanded in 1995.
Of the varsity sports, Texas Tech has had its greatest success in women's [[college basketball|basketball]]. The Lady Raiders, led by player [[Sheryl Swoopes]] and head coach [[Marsha Sharp]], won the 1993 [[NCAA Women's Basketball Championship]]. The men's basketball team has made 14 appearances in the [[NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship|NCAA Men's Division I Tournament]]. [[Bob Knight]] served as [[Texas Tech Red Raiders men's basketball|men's basketball]] coach from the beginning of the 2001 season until [[February 4]], [[2008]]. On [[January 1]], [[2007]], he become the winningest coach in men's [[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]] Division I basketball history, when Tech defeated [[New Mexico Lobos men's basketball|New Mexico]], 70-68. Upon Knight's retirement, his son [[Pat Knight]] became the head coach of the team. The [[Texas Tech Red Raiders football|Red Raiders football]] team, coached by [[Mike Leach]] since 2000, has made 31 bowl appearances, which is tied for 17th most of any university.
In addition to varsity sports, the university offers [[polo]], [[rugby union]], [[lacrosse (sport)|lacrosse]], [[fencing]], [[soccer]], and [[ice hockey]] through campus intramural sports organizations. In 2006, the Red Raiders beat the [[Texas A&M Aggies]] to win the United States Polo Association National Intercollegiate Championship.<ref>http://www.texastech.edu/vistas/06may/battle-speed.php</ref>
=== Mascots ===
[[Image:MRlogo.png|170px|left|thumb|The Masked Rider logo]]
[[The Masked Rider]] is the Texas Tech's oldest mascot. Starting as a dare in 1936, "ghost riders" circled the field at the beginning of home football games. The Masked Rider became an official mascot in 1954, when Joe Kirk Fulton led the team onto the field at the [[Gator Bowl]]. The sensational entrance awed the crowd. Texas Tech's Center for Campus Life explains:
<blockquote>According to reports from those present at the 1954 Gator Bowl, the crowd sat in stunned silence as they watched Fulton and Blackie rush onto the football field, followed by the team. After a few moments of stunned disbelief, the silent crowd burst into cheers. Ed Danforth, a writer for the [[Atlanta Journal]] and a press box spectator later wrote, "No team in any bowl game ever made a more sensational entrance."<ref name="CCL">{{cite web |
title=A history of one of Texas Tech's Oldest and Best-Loved Traditions| work=Texas Tech Center for Campus Life|
url=http://www.campuslife.ttu.edu/MaskedRider/history.asp | accessdate=2006-04-30}}</ref></blockquote>
[[Image:Raiderred.png|170px|thumb|right|Raider Red logo]]
Today the Masked Rider, with [[guns up]], leads the team out onto the field for all of the home games. This mascot, adorned in a distinctive [[gaucho]] hat like the ones worn by members of the marching band, is one of the most visible figures at Tech. Kevin Burns, a junior Animal and Food Science major from [[Clovis, New Mexico]], will represent Texas Tech as the Masked Rider during 2007-2008.<ref>[http://www.depts.ttu.edu/centerforcampuslife/MaskedRider/current.aspx Center for Campus Life<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
Tech's other mascot, [[Raider Red]], is a more recent creation. During the 1971 football season, the [[Southwest Conference]] created a rule that forbade the bringing of live animal mascots to away games unless the host school permitted it. Since the Masked Rider's horse would fall under this rule, an alternate mascot was created. Jim Gaspard, a member of the [[Saddle Tramps]] student spirit organization, created the original design for the Raider Red costume, basing it on a character created by Lubbock cartoonist and former mayor [[Dirk West]]. Though the Masked Rider's identity is public knowledge, it has always been tradition that Raider Red's student alter ego is kept secret until the end of his or her tenure. The student serving as Raider Red is a member of the Saddle Tramps or [[High Riders]].
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== Student life ==
[[Image:TTUband.jpg|left|thumb|170px|Goin' Band from Raiderland]]
There are over 390 student clubs and organizations at Texas Tech.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.depts.ttu.edu/centerforcampuslife/ |title=Student Organizations| publisher=Texas Tech University Center for Student Life |date=2007 |accessdate=2007-03-24}}</ref> The groups include service, academic, professional, and religious. Greek Life plays a very prominent role in the university's social scene.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.depts.ttu.edu/centerforcampuslife/GreekLife/default.aspx |title=Student Organizations |publisher=Texas Tech University Center for Student Life |date=2007 |accessdate=2007-03-24}}</ref> The Student Union Building, located centrally on campus, is the hub of day to day student activity. Within the Union, students find opportunities to relax, study, and enjoy a meal. The Student Union Building also houses the Student Government Association (SGA), and provides space for many of the student organizations to operate.
Housed with a partition directly adjacent to the Student Union Building is the School of Music, home of the Texas Tech [[Texas Tech University Goin' Band from Raiderland|Goin' Band from Raiderland]]. The 450-member band, which was awarded the prestigious [[Sudler Trophy]] in 1999, performs at all home football games and at various other events.
[[Image:ttsub.jpg|right|thumb|170px|The Student Union Building]]
The university maintains [[KTXT-FM]] 88.1, a student radio station focusing on alternative, indie rock, industrial, and hip hop music. [[National Public Radio]] station KOHM 89.1, which features classical music and news, is also found on campus. Additionally, the university owns and operates [[Public Broadcasting Service]] television station [[KTXT-TV]]. ''[[The Daily Toreador]]'' is Texas Tech's student-run newspaper. It was named ''The University Daily'' until 2005. ''[[La Ventana (yearbook)|La Ventana]]'' is Texas Tech's yearbook.
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== Notable people ==
{{main|List of Texas Tech University people}}
Throughout Texas Tech's history, faculty, alumni, and former students have made an impact in such areas as art, science, education, athletics, and politics. [[Demetrio B. Lakas]], President of the [[Panama|Republic of Panama]] from 1969 to 1978, is a distinguished alumnus. Three United States Governors, [[Daniel I. J. Thornton]], Governor of Colorado from 1951 to 1955, [[John Burroughs (governor)|John Burroughs]], Governor of New Mexico from 1959 to 1961, and [[Preston Smith (Texas)|Preston Smith]], Governor of Texas from 1968 to 1972, are graduates of the university. Four astronauts, including [[Rick Husband]], the final commander of [[Space Shuttle Columbia]], and [[Bernard A. Harris, Jr.]], the first African-American to walk in space, are Texas Tech alumni. The school's influence on the business world is seen in such people as former [[AT&T]] Chairman and CEO [[Edward Whitacre, Jr.]], Finisar CEO [[Jerry S. Rawls]], and [[Belo Corporation]] CEO Dunia A. Shive. The university has enriched the entertainment world as well with country singer [[Pat Green]], folk rocker [[John Denver]], actor [[George Eads]], and others. In the sports world, Texas Tech Red Raiders have gone on to play in the [[National Football League|NFL]], [[National Basketball Association|NBA]], [[Women's National Basketball Association|WNBA]], and [[Major League Baseball]]. Current Tech alumni standouts include the [[Dallas Cowboys]]' [[Zach Thomas]] and [[New England Patriots]]' [[Wes Welker]].
== Traditions ==
=== Double-T logo ===
[[Image:Texas-Tech-University-logo.png|170px|thumb|left|"Double T" spirit logo]]
The Double-T logo is the most readily identified symbol of Texas Tech. While no one has come forward to claim credit for its design, historical evidence recognizes Texas Tech's first football coach [[E.Y. Freeland]], who put the logo on sweaters for the football players, as its creator. The Double-T existed in its original form as an official logo from 1963 to 1999. In 2000, an updated version of the logo was created.<ref>[http://www.sportslogos.net/team.php?id=870 Texas Tech Red Raiders Logos - NCAA Division I (s-t) (NCAA s-t) - Chris Creamer's Sports Logos Page - SportsLogos.Net<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> The new logo maintains the original premise, but incorporates three-dimensional bevelling effects coupled with a white trim. Several alternate logos incorporating the Double-T with various supplemental symbols have been used in the past. Current identity guidelines specify that the only appropriate uses of supplemental images in which the Double-T is partially obscured are those of the Red Raiders and Lady Raiders logos.<ref>[http://www.depts.ttu.edu/communications/identityguidelines/idguidelines/ttu/official/spiritmarks.php Texas Tech Identity Guidelines<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
Showing the importance of the Double-T to Texas Tech, the class of 1931 donated the Double-T bench which is located in the courtyard of the Administration Building. An announced tradition states that no freshmen are allowed to sit on the bench.
The class of 1938 donated the first Double-T [[neon sign]], found on the east side of Jones AT&T Stadium. It was reputedly the largest neon sign in existence at the time of purchase and installation.<ref name="Tradition">http://www.depts.ttu.edu/studentaffairs/parent2002/information/traditions.pdf</ref>
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=== Carol of Lights ===
To celebrate the [[Christmas]] season, Texas Tech holds the annual Carol of Lights throughout the month of December. The event commences with the Texas Tech University Combined Choirs performing selections of classic holiday songs at the Science Quadrangle. When fully lit, over 25,000 red, white, and orange lights illuminate the 13 buildings surrounding Memorial Circle.
The tradition started in 1959 when Harold Hinn provided the funds and the idea of covering the science quadrangle and the administration building with lights. Unfortunately, students were away on Christmas break and did not see the display. The next year, the Residence Hall Association sponsored the Christmas Sing, incorporating Harold Hinn's original idea. The Carol of Lights, as it is now called, is one of Texas Tech's most well-known traditions.<ref>[http://www.ttu.edu/traditions/carol.php Texas Tech University:: Campus Information:: History & Traditions:: Carol of Lights<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
=== Texas Tech ring ===
[[Image:Techring.png|thumb|170px|right|Official Texas Tech ring]]
While a universal ring design had been used in the past, over the years many different styles came to be worn by alumni. To revive the tradition of all rings using a single design, in 1999, the Official Texas Tech Alumni Association Class Ring was introduced as the standard for the university's graduates. The ring symbolically captures the essence of Texas Tech with the prominent Double T logo surrounded by the school’s full name and date of foundation.
On one shoulder of the ring is an image of the Administration Building, with the bells which represent victory. On the other shoulder is the university seal, which features the American eagle perched above a book, representing the church; a star, representing the State of Texas; a key, representing home; and, a lamp, representing knowledge. These elements are separated by a cross featuring ten cotton bolls for Lubbock and its surrounding nine cotton-producing counties.<ref>[http://www.ttu.edu/traditions/ring.php Texas Tech University:: Campus Information:: History & Traditions:: TTAA Class Ring & Ceremony<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
Tradition holds that an undergraduate who acquires the ring during his/her senior year must wear the ring with the Double T logo facing inward. Upon graduation, the ring is turned so the logo faces outward.
=== Will Rogers and Soapsuds ===
[[Image:Wrstatue.jpg|thumb|170px|left|Will Rogers and Soapsuds]]
One of the best-known landmarks on campus is the statue of [[Will Rogers]] and his horse Soapsuds. This memorial was dedicated on [[February 16]], [[1950]] by a longtime friend of Rogers, [[Amon G. Carter]]. Carter believed Texas Tech was the perfect setting for the statue and that it would fit into the traditions and scenery of West Texas.
The statue stands at 9 feet 11 [[inch]]es (3 m) tall and weighs 3,200 [[pound (mass)|pounds]] (1,450 kg); it cost an estimated [[United States dollar|US$]]25,000. On the base of the statue, the inscription reads, "Lovable Old Will Rogers on his favorite horse, 'Soapsuds', riding into the Western sunset."
Today, Texas Tech tradition and legend surrounds the statue. According to one legend, the initial plan was to face Will Rogers due west so that he would be seen riding off into the sunset. This plan was rejected as it would cause Soapsuds' posterior to face due east toward downtown Lubbock, which was perceived as an insult to the Lubbock business community which had been highly supportive of the school. It would also have placed the horse's rear facing the main entrance to the university. To solve this problem, the statue was turned 23 degrees to the northwest so Soapsuds' rear would face southeast in the general direction of [[College Station, Texas]], home of [[Texas A&M University]]. Before every home football game, the Saddle Tramps wrap the statue with red crepe paper. Will Rogers and Soapsuds have also been wrapped in black crepe paper to mourn national tragedies.<ref>[http://www.ttu.edu/traditions/rogers.php Texas Tech University:: Campus Information:: History & Traditions:: Will Rogers & Soapsuds<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
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=== Victory bells ===
In 1936, victory bells were given to Texas Tech as a class gift. The bells rang for the first time at the graduation of the Class of 1936. It is said that, after the 1937 win over TCU, the bells rang throughout the night, preventing some Lubbock residents from sleeping. Thereafter, the bell ringing was limited to 30 minutes. After Texas Tech victories and on special occasions the bells are rang by the Saddle Tramps or High Riders. The Victory Bells—one large and one small with a combined weight of 1,200 pounds—hang in the east bell tower of the Administration Building.<ref>[http://www.ttu.edu/traditions/bells.php Texas Tech University:: Campus Information:: History & Traditions:: Victory Bells<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
=== Carillon ===
Located in the west [[bell tower]] of the Administration Building, the Baird Memorial Carillon contains 43 bells, valued at $250,000, donated to Texas Tech by Ruth Baird Larabee. Casting of the bells began in 1974 and took place in [[France]] and [[England]]. They were installed in 1976. The carillon, an instrument which sounds like a mix between bells and an organ, can be heard throughout campus during special events and celebrations.<ref>[http://www.ttucarillon.com/carillon.htm The Baird-Larabee Carillon<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
[[Image:TTguns.png|thumb|right|The "[[Guns up]]" hand sign]]
=== Alma Mater ===
"[[The Matador Song]]" dates from 1931. The lyrics were written by Tech student R.C. Marshall and the music was composed by Tech Band Director Harry LeMaire. The words and melody have remained unchanged through time. When performed by the Texas Tech Marching Band outdoors the song is preceded by a preparatory fanfare, a musical signal for students and alumni to stand and sing the Alma Mater.
=== Fight Song ===
In 1936, Tech Band members Carroll McMath and James Nevins co-wrote [[Fight, Raiders, Fight]] as it exists today. The previous fight song referred to the Matadors (renamed the Red Raiders by [[Lubbock Avalanche-Journal]] sports writer Collier Paris in 1932). "[[Guns up|Wreck 'em Tech]]," the school's official slogan, is derived from the fight song.
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== Notable organizations ==
[[Image:MRstatue.jpg|170px|thumb|right|The Masked Rider statue]]
* [[Alpha Kappa Psi]] Chapter (co-ed professional business fraternity)
* [[Alpha Phi Omega]] Chapter (co-ed service fraternity)
* [[Beta Gamma Sigma]] Chapter (international business honor society)
* [[Delta Sigma Pi]] Chapter (professional business fraternity)
* [[Texas Tech University Goin' Band from Raiderland|Goin' Band from Raiderland]] ([[marching band]])
* [[High Riders]] (spirit organization)
* [[Howard Hughes Medical Institute|Howard Hughes Medical Institute Undergraduate Research Fellowship Program]]
* [http://www.ciser.ttu.edu Center for the Integration of Science Education and Research (CISER)]
* [[Phi Alpha Delta]] (professional law fraternity)
* [[Phi Beta Kappa]] Chapter (liberal arts & sciences honor society)
* [[Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia]] Chapter (national music fraternity)
* [[Residence Halls Association]]
* [[Sabre Flight Drill Team]]
* [[Saddle Tramps]] (spirit organization)
* [[Society of Engineering Technologists]]
* [http://www.studentweb.law.ttu.edu/SBA/ Student Bar Association]
* [[Tau Beta Pi]] Chapter (engineering honor society)
* [[Tau Beta Sigma]] Chapter (national honorary band sorority)
* [http://www.texastechalumni.org/olc/pub/TTAA/homepage.cgi Texas Tech Alumni Association]
* [http://www.orgs.ttu.edu/techforensics/ Texas Tech Forensic Union] (debate team)
* [http://www.texastechhockey.com/ Texas Tech Ice Hockey]
== See also ==
*[[Texas Tech University Independent School District]]
== References and notes ==
{{reflist|2}}
== External links ==
{{Commons|Texas Tech University}}
{{Geolinks-US-streetscale|33.584830|-101.879990}}
*[http://www.ttu.edu Texas Tech University Official Site]
*[http://www.youtube.com/texastech Official Texas Tech YouTube Channel]
*[http://swco.ttu.edu/university_archive/uacollections.html Southwest Collections / Special Collections Library]
*[http://www.texastechalumni.org Texas Tech Alumni Association]
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[[Category:Texas Tech University| ]]
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