Théophile-Jules Pelouze 650980 214413880 2008-05-23T13:15:49Z VolkovBot 3035831 robot Adding: [[ja:テオフィル=ジュール・ペルーズ]] [[Image:Théophile-Jules Pelouze.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Théophile-Jules Pelouze]] '''Théophile-Jules Pelouze''' (also known as '''Jules Pelouze''', '''Théophile Pelouze''', '''Theo Pelouze''', or '''TJ Pelouze''', [[February 26]], [[1807]] - [[1867]]) was a [[France|French]] [[chemist]]. He was born at [[Valognes]], and died in [[Paris]]. His father, Edmond Pelouze, was an industrial chemist and the author of several technical handbooks. The son, after spending some time in a pharmacy at [[La Fère]] acted as laboratory assistant to [[Gay-Lussac]] and [[Jean Louis Lassaigne]] at Paris from 1827 to 1829. In 1830 he was appointed associate professor of chemistry at [[Lille]], but returning to Paris next year became ''repetiteur'', and subsequently professor at the [[École polytechnique]]. He also held the chair of chemistry at the [[Collège de France]], and in [[1833]] became assayer to the mini and in [[1848]] president of the ''Commission des Monnaies''. He resigned all his public positions in 1852.<ref>{{CathEncy|wstitle=Théophile-Jules Pelouze}}</ref> After the coup d'etat in 1851 he resigned his appointments, but continued to conduct an experimental laboratory-school he had started in 1846. There he worked with the explosive material [[guncotton]] and other [[nitrosulphate]]s. His student [[Ascanio Sobrero]] was the discoverer of [[nitroglycerin]], and another student, [[Alfred Nobel]], was to take that discovery on to great heights in the form of commercial explosives including [[dynamite]]. Though Pelouze made no discovery of outstanding importance, he was a busy investigator, his work including researches on [[salicin]], on [[beetroot sugar]], on various organic acids ([[gallic acid|gallic]], [[malic acid|malic]], [[tartaric acid|tartaric]], [[butyric acid|butyric]], [[lactic acid|lactic]], etc.), on [[oenanthic ether]] (with Liebig), on the nitrosulphates, on guncotton, and on the composition and manufacture of [[glass]]. He also carried out determinations of the [[atomic weight]]s of several elements, and with E. Fremy, published ''Traité de chimie générale'' (1847-1850); ''Abrégé de chimie'' (1848); and ''Notions générales de chimie'' (1853). He and his wife Marguerite lived in the famous French castle [[Château de Chenonceau]] from 1864 until his death in 1867; she continued to inhabit it until at least 1878. ==References== {{reflist}} {{1911}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Pelouze, Théophile-Jules}} [[Category:1807 births]] [[Category:1867 deaths]] [[Category:French chemists]] [[Category:People from Basse-Normandie]] [[de:Théophile-Jules Pelouze]] [[fr:Théophile-Jules Pelouze]] [[id:Théophile-Jules Pelouze]] [[nl:Théophile-Jules Pelouze]] [[ja:テオフィル=ジュール・ペルーズ]] [[pt:Théophile-Jules Pelouze]] [[fi:Théophile-Jules Pelouze]]