Tilia cordata 437928 221489083 2008-06-24T18:53:01Z AndersBot 6986250 robot Adding: [[lv:Parastā liepa]] {{Taxobox | name = ''Tilia cordata'' | image = Tilia-cordata2.JPG | image_width = 240px | image_caption = ''Tilia cordata'' leaves and flowers | regnum = [[Plant]]ae | divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]] | classis = [[Dicotyledon|Magnoliopsida]] | ordo = [[Malvales]] | familia = [[Tiliaceae]] | genus = ''[[Tilia]]'' | species = '''''T. cordata''''' | binomial = ''Tilia cordata'' | binomial_authority = [[Philip Miller|Mill.]] }} '''''Tilia cordata''''' ('''Small-leaved Lime''', occasionally Small-leaved Linden) is a species of ''[[Tilia]]'' native to much of [[Europe]] and western [[Asia]], north to southern [[Great Britain]] (north to about [[Durham]]), central [[Scandinavia]], east to central [[Russia]], and south to central [[Spain]], [[Italy]], [[Bulgaria]] and the [[Caucasus]]; in the south of its range it is restricted to high altitudes.<ref name=rushforth>Rushforth, K. (1999). ''Trees of Britain and Europe''. Collins ISBN 0-00-220013-9.</ref><ref name=dvf>Den Virtuella Floran: [http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/di/tilia/tilia/tilicor.html ''Tilia cordata'' (in Swedish; with maps]</ref> It is a [[deciduous]] [[tree]] growing to 20-38 m tall, with a trunk up to 1-2 m diameter. The [[leaf|leaves]] are alternately arranged, rounded to triangular-ovate, 3-8 cm long and broad, mostly hairless (unlike the related ''[[Tilia platyphyllos]]'') except for small tufts of brown hair in the leaf vein axils. The small yellow-green [[plant sexuality|hermaphrodite]] [[flower]]s are produced in clusters of five to eleven in early summer with a leafy yellow-green subtending [[bract]], have a rich, heavy scent; the trees are much visited by [[bee]]s. The [[fruit]] is a dry nut-like [[drupe]] 6–7 mm long and 4 mm broad, downy at first becoming smooth at maturity, and (unlike ''T. platyphyllos'') not ribbed.<ref name=rushforth/><ref name=fnwe>Flora of NW Europe: [http://ip30.eti.uva.nl/BIS/flora.php?selected=beschrijving&menuentry=soorten&id=2132 ''Tilia cordata'']</ref> It readily [[Hybrid (biology)|hybridises]] with ''[[Tilia platyphyllos]]''; the hybrid is named ''[[Tilia × europaea]]'' (syn. ''T. × vulgaris'').<ref name=rushforth/><ref name=fnwe1>Flora of NW Europe: [http://ip30.eti.uva.nl/BIS/flora.php?selected=beschrijving&menuentry=soorten&id=2131 ''Tilia vulgaris'']</ref> ==Cultivation and uses== It is the [[national symbol|national tree]] of the [[Czech Republic]] and [[Republic of Slovakia]]. ''Tilia cordata'' is widely grown as an [[ornamental tree]] throughout its native range in Europe. It was much planted to form [[avenue (landscape)|avenue]]s in 17th and early 18th century landscape planning. A famous example is [[Unter den Linden]] in [[Berlin]]. It is also widely cultivated in [[North America]] as a substitute for the native ''[[Tilia americana]]'' (Basswood or American Linden) which has a larger leaf, coarser in texture; there it has been renamed "Little-leaf Linden". In countries of Central Europe, linden flowers are a traditional herbal remedy (linden flower tea), considered to be of value as an anti-inflammatory in range of respiratory problems: colds, fever, [[flu]], sore throat, [[Acute bronchitis|bronchitis]], cough and others<ref>[Flora Herb & Supplement Encyclopedia http://www.florahealth.com/flora/home/Canada/HealthInformation/Encyclopedias/LindenFlos.htm]</ref>. A valuable monofloral [[honey]] is produced by bees using the trees. The young leaves can be eaten as a salad vegetable.<ref>Vernon, J. (2007). Fruits of the forest. ''The Garden'' November 2007: 738. Royal Horticultural Society.</ref> The white, finely-grained [[wood]] is a classic choice for refined woodcarvings such as those by [[Grinling Gibbons]] or several prominent [[Altar of Veit Stoss|medieval altars]]. ==References== {{commons|Tilia cordata}} {{reflist}} [[Category:Malvaceae]] [[Category:Flora of Europe]] [[Category:Flora of Estonia]] [[Category:Flora of the United Kingdom]] [[cs:Lípa malolistá]] [[da:Småbladet Lind]] [[de:Winter-Linde]] [[et:Harilik pärn]] [[es:Tilia cordata]] [[fa:نمدار برگ‌ریز]] [[fr:Tilleul à petites feuilles]] [[it:Tilia cordata]] [[lv:Parastā liepa]] [[lb:Wanterlann]] [[lt:Mažalapė liepa]] [[nl:Kleinbladige linde]] [[no:Lind]] [[nn:Lind]] [[pl:Lipa drobnolistna]] [[ro:Tei pucios]] [[fi:Metsälehmus]] [[sv:Lind]] [[uk:Липа серцелиста]] [[bat-smg:Lėipa (augals)]] [[zh:小叶椴]]