Timeline of LGBT history
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[[Image:ulrichs.jpeg|thumb|[[Karl Heinrich Ulrichs]], 1825–1895, a pioneer of the LGBT rights movement]]
'''Timeline of [[lesbian]], [[gay]], [[bisexuality|bisexual]] and [[transgender]] ([[LGBT]]) history'''
__NOTOC__
*Homosexual rights during the 20th century:
**[[#1900s|1900s]] — [[#1910s|1910s]] — [[#1920s|1920s]] — [[#1930s|1930s]] — [[#1940s|1940s]] — [[#1950s|1950s]] — [[#1960s|1960s]] — [[#1970s|1970s]] — [[#1980s|1980s]] — [[#1990s|1990s]]
*Homosexual rights during the 21st century:
**[[#2000s|2000s]]
----
==12,000 BCE==
Near the end of the Upper Paleolithic Era, human beings have left artifacts and artwork suggesting an appreciation of homo eroticism.{{Fact|date=November 2007}} Examples include a few cave paintings and hundreds of phallic "batons" among which is a graphically carved double dildo from Gorge d'Enfer (in present-day France) that seems to have been crafted for two women to use together.<ref>{{cite web
| accessdate=2008-01-28
| url=http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba15/ba15feat.html
| title=Explaining the early human mind
| format=html}}</ref>
==5,000 BCE==
Possible examples of homo eroticism in European Mesolithic art include a rock engraving found in Addaura, Sicily, in which men and women dance around two cavorting sexually aroused male figures.
Source: [http://www.aaronsgayinfo.com/timeline/FtimeBC.html Timeline of more History]
==25th/24th century BCE==
*[[Khnumhotep & Niankhkhnum|Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum's]] tomb is built in [[Egypt]] during the [[Fifth dynasty of Egypt|fifth dynasty]].
It is believed that the two men may have been lovers, making this the first record of a possible homosexual relationship.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Reeder|first=Greg|title=Same-sex desire, conjugal constructs, and the tomb of Niankhkhnum and Khnumhotep|journal=World Archaeology|volume=32|issue=2|pages=193–208|date=October 2000|doi=10.1080/00438240050131180}}</ref>
==7th century BCE==
* '''630 BCE''' [[Dorians|Dorian]] aristocrats in [[Crete]] adopt formal [[pederasty|pederastic]] relations between adult princes and adolescent boys, with the double aim to educate the youths and curb [[population growth]]; see [[Cretan pederasty]].
[[pederasty in ancient Greece|Pederasty spread through ancient Greece]], influencing sports, literature, politics, philosophy, art and warfare, and causing, according to some,
a flowering of culture; it was associated with [[Gymnasium (ancient Greece)|gymnasia]] and athletic nudity.<ref>Devereaux, George, "Greek Pseudo-homosexuality and the Greek Miracle", ''Symbolae Osloenses,'' 13 (1967), pp.70–92</ref><ref>(Percy III, 1996)</ref>
==6th century BCE==
* '''600 BCE''' — The term ''[[Lesbian]]'' and ''[[Lesbos]]'' is used for the first time {{Fact|date=February 2007}} — See [[Etymology]] of "[[lesbian]]" [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesbian#Etymology_of_.22lesbian.22]
==4th century BCE==
* '''338 BCE''' The [[Sacred Band of Thebes]], an undefeated elite battalion made up of one hundred and fifty pederastic couples, is destroyed by the forces of [[Philip II of Macedon]] who bemoans their loss and praises their honor.
==1st century BCE==
* '''80 BCE''' [[Julius Caesar]] allegedly has a love affair with king [[Nicomedes IV of Bithynia]].<ref>Suetonius, ''Julius'' [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Suetonius/12Caesars/Julius*.html#2 2-3]; Plutarch, ''Caesar'' [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Caesar*.html#2 2-3]; [[Cassius Dio]], ''Roman History'' [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cassius_Dio/43*.html#20 43.20]</ref>
* '''27 BCE''' The Roman Empire begins with the reign of [[Augustus]]. The first recorded same-sex marriages occur during this period.<ref>[[Martial]] attests to same-sex marriages between men during the early Roman Empire, q.v. Martial <i>Epigrams</i> 1.24, 12.42</ref>
==1st century CE==
* '''54''' — [[Nero]] becomes [[Emperor of Rome]]. Nero married two men in legal ceremonies, with at least one spouse accorded the same honours as a Caesar's wife.<ref>[http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/suet-nero-rolfe.html Ancient History Sourcebook: Suetonius: De Vita Caesarum-Nero, c. 110 C.E<!-- Bot generated title -->] Although this action was criticized by contemporary historians, these same historians do not criticize emperors such as [[Hadrian]] and [[Trajan]] who also had male lovers. The real reason behind the criticism of Nero and [[Elagabalus]] is that both of these emperors ignored the Senators (who wrote the surviving historical accounts) and appointed low class men (such as freedmen) to important positions of power, thereby incurring the hatred of the Senatorial class.</ref>
* '''98''' — [[Trajan]], one of the most beloved of Roman emperors, begins his reign. Trajan was well known for his homosexuality and fondness for young males and this was used to advantage by the king of Edessa, Abgarus, who, after incurring the anger of Trajan for some misdeed, sent his handsome young son to make his apologies, thereby obtaining pardon. <ref>Dio Cassius, Epitome of Book 68.6.4; 68.21.2–6.21.3</ref>
==2nd century CE==
* '''130''' - Emperor [[Hadrian]]'s beloved [[Antinous]] drowns in the Nile, and upon Hadrian's death, Antinous was deified. He is actually the last non-imperial human to be deified. Antinous' likeness is found on numerous statues; he is often believed to have one the most recognizable faces from antiquity.
==3rd century CE==
* '''218''' - The emperor [[Elagabalus]] begins his reign. He married a man named Zoticus, an athlete from Smyrna, in a lavish public ceremony at Rome amid the rejoicings of the public.<ref name="augusta-elagabalus-i-4">''Augustan History'', Life of Elagabalus [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Historia_Augusta/Elagabalus/1*.html#10 10]</ref>
==4th century CE==
* '''342''' — Homosexuality had been accepted by all ancient cultures as a normal part of human sexuality. The rise of Christianity, however, led to the beginning of homophobia. The first law against homosexual marriage was promulgated by the Christian emperors [[Constantius II]] and [[Constans]]. <ref> Theodosian Code 9.8.3: <i>"When a man marries and is about to offer himself to men in womanly fashion {quum vir nubit in feminam viris porrecturam), what does he wish, when sex has lost all its significance; when the crime is one which it is not profitable to know; when Venus is changed to another form; when love is sought and not found? We order the statutes to arise, the laws to be armed with an avenging sword, that those infamous persons who are now, or who hereafter may be, guilty may be subjected to exquisite punishment.</i></ref>
* '''390''' — In the year 390, the Christian emperors [[Valentinian II]], [[Theodosius I]] and [[Arcadius]] declared homosexual sex to be illegal and those who were guilty of it were condemned to be burned alive in front of the public. <ref> (Theodosian Code 9.7.6): All persons who have the shameful custom of condemning a man's body, acting the part of a woman's to the sufferance of alien sex (for they appear not to be different from women), shall expiate a crime of this kind in avenging flames in the sight of the people.</ref>
==5th century CE==
* '''498''' — In spite of the laws against gay sex, the Christian emperors continued to collect taxes on male prostitutes until the reign of [[Anastasius I]], who finally abolishes the tax.<ref>Evagrius <i>Ecclesiastical History</i> 3.39</ref>
==6th century CE==
* '''529''' — The Christian emperor [[Justinian I]] (527-565) made homosexuals a scape goat for problems such as "famines, earthquakes, and pestilences." <ref> Justinian <i>Novels</i> 77, 144 </ref>
* '''589''' — The [[Visigoths|Visigothic]] kingdom in [[Spain]], is converted from [[Arianism]] to [[Catholicism]]. This conversion leads to a revision of the law to conform to those of Catholic countries. These revisions include provisions for the persecution of gays and Jews.<ref>Visigothic Code 3.5.5, 3.5.6; Online at: http://libro.uca.edu/vcode/vg3-5.htm; <i>"The doctrine of the orthodox faith requires us to place our censure upon vicious practices, and to restrain those who are addicted to carnal offences. For we counsel well for the benefit of our people and our country, when we take measures to utterly extirpate the crimes of wicked men, and put an end to the evil deeds of vice. For this reason we shall attempt to abolish the horrible crime of sodomy, which is as contrary to Divine precept as it is to chastity. And although the authority of the Holy Scriptures, and the censure of earthly laws, alike, prohibit offences of this kind, it is nevertheless necessary to condemn them by a new decree; lest if timely correction be deferred, still greater vices may arise. Therefore, we establish by this law, that if any man whosoever, of any age, or race, whether he belongs to the clergy, or to the laity, should be convicted, by competent evidence, of the commission of the crime of sodomy, he shall, by order of the king, or of any judge, not only suffer emasculation, but also the penalty prescribed by ecclesiastical decree for such offences, and promulgated in the third year of our reign."</i></ref>
==9th century CE==
* '''800–900''' — During the [[Carolingian Renaissance]], [[Alcuin of York]], an [[abbot]], wrote love poems to other [[monk]]s in spite of numerous Church laws condemning homosexuality.
==11th century CE==
{{Unreferencedsection|date=February 2008}}
* '''1000–1100''' — An eleventh century Byzantine legal treatise makes it clear that gay unions are well-known and legal in early medieval Byzantine society.
* '''1000–1100''' — In [[Scandinavia]], [[cult]] [[transvestitism]] persisted for centuries. As well, only sons who inherited their fathers’ land could marry in early medieval Scandinavia. The others had to leave the land, and they joined warrior societies. Women, expected to remain strictly [[chaste]], and punished severely for violating this rule, were largely unavailable. Thus, in these warriors clubs, [[pederasty]] was practiced as an institutionalized way of life.
* '''1051''' — St. [[Peter Damian]] composed the ''[[Book of Gomorrah]]'', in which he luridly described several varieties of gay sex, and said that they were quite common, especially among priests. He was unable to convince his contemporaries that homosexuality was a grave problem that had to be stopped. While Pope [[Leo IX]] saw homosexuality as a "grave sin", he was nevertheless reluctant to come down as harshly as Peter Damian wanted him to.
* '''1100''' — [[Ivo of Chartres]] attempts to convince Pope [[Urban II]] of the dangers of homosexuality. Ivo charged that Raoul/Ralph, [[Archbishop of Tours]], had the [[king of France]] install John as [[bishop of Orleans]]. John was well-known as Ralph’s lover, and had even had relations with the king himself, which the king openly bragged about. Urban, however, did not see this as a major problem. John ruled effectively as bishop for almost forty years and Ralph was well-known and well-respected, and continued to be so.
==12th century CE==
* '''1102''' — The [[Council of London (1102)|Council of London]] took measures to ensure that the English public knew that it was [[sin]]ful, marking a significant shift in church attitudes towards homosexuality, which previously had been more or less indifferent, at worst amounting to mild condemnation. Many [[priest]]s were homosexuals, likely one of the causes of the change in attitude, as moral reformers such as [[Bernard of Cluny]] called for change.
==13th century CE==
* '''1250–1300''' — "Between 1250 and 1300, homosexual activity passed from being completely legal in most of Europe to incurring the [[death penalty]] in all but a few contemporary legal compilations." — [[John Boswell]], ''Christianity, Social Tolerance, and Homosexuality'' (1980) p. 293. Other historians dispute Boswell's claim, however.
==14th century CE==
* '''1327''' — The deposed King [[Edward II of England]] allegedly is anally penetrated deeply with a red-hot poker, killing him. Edward II had a history of conflict with the nobility, who repeatedly banished his former lover [[Piers Gaveston]], the [[Earl of Cornwall]].
* '''1370s''' — Jan van Aersdone and Willem Case were two men executed in [[Antwerp]] in the 1370s. The charge against them was [[gay sex]], which was illegal and strenuously vilified in [[medieval Europe]]. Aersdone and Case stand out because records of their names have survived. One other couple still known by name from the 14th century were Giovanni Braganza and Nicoleto Marmagna of [[Venice]].<ref>Crompton, Louis. ''Homosexuality and Civilization''. Cambridge & London: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2003</ref>
==16th century CE==
* '''1533''' — King [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]] begins the English [[common law]] tradition of [[sodomy law]]s, proclaiming [[sodomy]], then-defined as any non-procreative/non-reproductive [[Sexual activity]], a crime. This includes [[masturbation]], [[anal sex|anal]], and [[oral sex]] — regardless of the [[gender]] or genders involved.{{Fact|date=February 2008}}
==17th century CE==
* '''1624''' — [[Richard Cornish]] of the [[Colony and Dominion of Virginia|Virginia Colony]] is tried and hanged for sodomy.<ref>{{cite book |author=Godbeer, Richard |title=Sexual revolution in early America |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |location=Baltimore |year=2002 |pages= |isbn=0-8018-6800-9 |oclc= |doi=}} p.123</ref>
* '''1649''' — The first known conviction for [[lesbian]] activity in North America occurs in March when [[Sarah White Norman]] is charged with "[[Lascivious|Lewd behaviour]] each with other upon a bed" with [[Mary Vincent Hammon]] in [[Plymouth (town), Massachusetts|Plymouth, Massachusetts]]. Hammon was under 16 and not prosecuted.<ref>{{cite book |author=Borris, Kenneth |title=Same-sex desire in the English Renaissance: a sourcebook of texts, 1470–1650 |publisher=Routledge |location=New York |year=2004 |pages= |isbn=0-8153-3626-8 |oclc= |doi=}} p.113</ref>
==18th century CE==
* '''1726''' — [[Margaret Clap|Mother Clap]]'s [[molly house]] in [[London]] is raided by police, resulting in Clap's death and the execution at [[Tyburn, London|Tyburn]] of all the men arrested.{{Fact|date=February 2008}}
* Between 1730 and 1811, a widespread panic in the [[Dutch Republic]] leads to a spectacular series of trials for [[sodomy]], with persecutions at their most severe from 1730 to 1737, 1764, 1776, and from 1795 to 1798.{{Fact|date=February 2008}}
* '''1779''' — [[USA]] In 1779, Jefferson prepared a draft of Virginia’s criminal statute, envisaging that the punishment for sodomy should be castration. See Thomas Jefferson, The Writings of Thomas Jefferson, Andrew A. Lipscomb, ed. (Washington, Thomas Jefferson Memorial Association, 1904) Vol. I, pp.226–27, from Jefferson’s “For Proportioning Crimes and Punishments.”
The bill read: “Whosoever shall be guilty of rape, polygamy, or sodomy with a man or woman, shall be punished; if a man, by castration, a woman, by boring through the cartilage of her nose a hole of one half inch in diameter at the least.” (Virginia Bill number 64; authored by Jefferson; 18 June 1779).
* '''1791''' — [[French Revolution|Revolutionary]] [[France]] adopts a [[French Penal Code of 1791|new penal code]] which no longer criminalizes sodomy. France thus becomes the first West European country to decriminalize homosexual acts between consenting adults.
* '''1795''' — [[Luxembourg]], and [[Tuscany]] decriminalize homosexual acts.{{Fact|date=February 2008}}
==19th century CE==
{{Unreferencedsection|date=February 2008}}
* '''1811''' — The [[Netherlands]] decriminalizes homosexual acts.
* '''1813''' — [[Bavaria]] decriminalizes sexual acts between men.
* '''1828''' — The term "[[Crime against nature]]" first used in the [[Criminal code]] in the [[United States]].
* '''1830''' — [[Brazil]] decriminalizes homosexual acts; The word ''[[asexual]]'' is used as a term for the first time in ''[[biology]]''.
* '''1832''' — [[Russia]] criminalizes homosexual acts making them punishable by up to five years exile in Siberia under Article 995 of its new criminal code.
* '''1835''' — For the first time in history, [[Congress Poland|Poland]], under the [[Russian Empire|Tsarist]] rule then, makes homosexuality illegal.
* '''1836''' — The last known [[execution]] for homosexuality in [[Great Britain]].
* '''1852''' — [[Portugal]] decriminalizes homosexual acts.
* '''1858''' — The [[Ottoman Empire]] ([[Turkey]], [[Iraq]]) decriminalizes sodomy; [[Timor-Leste]] legalise homosexuality {{Fact|date=February 2007}}
* '''1861''' — In [[England]], the penalty for [[conviction]] for sodomy is reduced from [[hanging]] to [[Prison|imprisonment]].
* '''1863''' — In Britain the [[Offences Against the Person Act]] is amended to remove the [[death sentence]] for "[[bugger]]y" (which had not been used since the 1830s). The penalty became imprisonment from 10 years to life.
* '''1865''' — [[San Marino]] decriminalizes sodomy.
* '''1867''' — On [[August 29]], [[1867]], [[Karl-Heinrich Ulrichs]] became the first self-proclaimed homosexual to speak out publicly for homosexual rights when he pleaded at the [[Congress of German Jurists]] in [[Munich]] for a resolution urging the repeal of anti-homosexual laws.
[[Image:Fig02-17.jpg|thumb|right|150px|[[Magnus Hirschfeld]], 1868–1935, was a prominent German physician, [[sexologist]], and gay rights advocate.]]
* '''1869''' — The term "[[homosexuality]]" appears in print for the first time in a [[Germany|German]]-[[Hungary|Hungarian]] pamphlet written by [[Karl-Maria Kertbeny]] (1824–1882).
* '''1871''' — Homosexuality is criminalized throughout [[Germany]] by [[Paragraph 175]] of the Reich Criminal Code; [[Guatemala]] and [[Mexico]] decriminalize homosexual acts.
* '''1880''' — [[Japan]] decrimiminalized homosexual acts.
* '''[[1886 in gay rights|1886]]''' — In England, the [[Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1885]], outlawing sexual relations between men (but not [[Lesbianism|between women]]) is given [[Royal Assent]] by [[Victoria of the United Kingdom|Queen Victoria]], [[Argentina]] decriminalizes homosexuality, while [[Portugal]] re-criminalizes homosexual acts.
* '''1889''' — In [[Italy]], homosexuality is legalised; the [[Cleveland Street Scandal]] erupts in England.
* '''1892''' — The words "[[bisexual]]" and "[[heterosexual]]" are first used in their current senses in Charles Gilbert Chaddock's translation of Kraft-Ebing's ''[[Psychopathia Sexualis]]''.
* '''1894''' — Biologist and pioneer of human sexuality [[Alfred Kinsey]] is born on [[23 June|23rd June]].
[[Image:Oscar_Wilde.jpg|thumb|left|150px|[[Oscar Wilde]], 1854–1900]]
* '''1895''' — The trial of [[Oscar Wilde]] results in his being prosecuted under the Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1885 for "[[Decency|gross indecency]]" and sentenced to two years in prison.
* '''1897''' — [[Magnus Hirschfeld]] founds the [[Scientific Humanitarian Committee]] on [[May 14]] to organize for homosexual rights and the repeal of [[Paragraph 175]].
* '''1897''' — [[George Cecil Ives]] organizes the first homosexual rights group in England, the [[Order of Chaeronea]].
==20th century CE==
{{Unreferencedsection|date=February 2008}}
== 1900s ==
*'''1903''' In [[New York]] on [[February 21]] [[1903]], [[New York City Police Department|New York police]] conducted the first [[United States]] recorded raid on a [[gay bathhouse]], the ''Ariston Hotel Baths''. 26 men were arrested and 12 brought to trial on [[sodomy]] charges; 7 men received sentences ranging from 4 to 20 years in prison.<ref name="Chauncey">(Chauncey, 1995)</ref>
*'''1907''' — [[Adolf Brand]], the activist leader of the Gemeinschaft der Eigenen, working to overturn [[Paragraph 175]], publishes a piece "outing" the imperial chancellor of Germany, Prince [[Bernhard von Bülow]]. The Prince sues Brand for libel and clears his name; Brand is sentenced to 18 months in prison.
== 1910s ==
* '''1910''' — [[Emma Goldman]] first begins speaking publicly in favor of homosexual rights.
[[Image:Lesbiche - 1928 - D- Die freundin 1928.jpg|thumb|right|May 14, 1928 issue of German lesbian periodical ''Die freundin'' ([[Friedrich Radszuweit]])]]
* '''1913''' — The word ''faggot'' is first used in print in reference to gays in a vocabulary of criminal slang published in [[Portland, Oregon]]: "All the fagots <small>''[sic]''</small> (sissies) will be dressed in drag at the ball tonight".
* '''1917''' — The [[October Revolution]] in Russia repeals the previous criminal code in its entirety — including Article 995.
== 1920s ==
* '''1920''' — The word ''[[Gay]]'' is used for the first time in reference to homosexual in the [[Underground culture|Underground]].
* '''1921''' — In England an attempt to make lesbianism illegal for the first time in Britain's history fails.
* '''1922''' — A new criminal code comes into force in the [[USSR]] officially decriminalizing homosexual acts.
* '''1923''' — The word ''fag'' is first used in print in reference to gays in Nels Anderson's ''The Hobo'': "Fairies or Fags are men or boys who exploit sex for profit."
* '''1924''' — The first homosexual rights organization in America is founded in [[Chicago]] — ''[[The Society for Human Rights]]''. The movement exists for a few months before being ended by the police. [[Panama]], [[Paraguay]] and [[Peru]] legalize homosexuality.
*'''1928''' — ''[[The Well of Loneliness]]'' by [[Radclyffe Hall]] is published in the United States. This sparks great legal controversy and brings the topic of homosexuality to public conversation.
* '''1929''' [[May 22]] — [[Katharine Lee Bates]], author of ''[[America the Beautiful]]'' dies.
* '''1929''' [[October 16]] — a [[Reichstag (institution)|Reichstag]] Committee votes to repeal [[Paragraph 175]]. The [[Nazism|Nazis]]' rise to power prevents the implementation of the vote.
== 1930s ==
<!--[[Image:Eldoradoinberlinafterforcedclosingbynazis.gif|thumb|250px|left|Once "Eldorado" homosexual night club in Berlin after being closed during 1933, with banners promoting "Hitler List 1"]].-->
* '''1930''' — New [[Danish penalty law]] decriminalizes homosexuality. It comes into effect in 1933.
* '''1932''' — The new Polish Criminal Code decriminalizes homosexuality in the whole of [[Poland]].
* '''1933''' — The [[National Socialist German Workers Party]] bans homosexual groups. Homosexuals are sent to concentration camps. Nazis burn the library of [[Magnus Hirschfeld]]'s [[Institut für Sexualwissenschaft|Institute for Sexual Research]], and destroy the Institute; [[Denmark]] and [[Philippines]] decriminalizes homosexuality. Homosexual acts are recriminalized in the USSR.
* '''1934''' — [[Uruguay]] decriminalizes homosexuality.
* '''1936''' — [[Federico García Lorca]] , [[Spanish people|Spanish]] poet, is shot at the beginning of the civil war.
* '''1937''' — The first use of the [[pink triangle]] for gay men in [[Nazi concentration camps]].
== 1940s ==
*'''1940''' — [[Iceland]] decriminalizes homosexuality.
*'''1941''' — [[Transsexuality]] was first used in reference to homosexuality and bisexuality.
*'''1942''' — [[Switzerland]] decriminalizes homosexuality, with the age of consent set at 20.
*'''1944''' — [[Sweden]] decriminalizes homosexuality, with the age of consent set at 20 and [[Suriname]] legalizes homosexuality.
<!-- Image with unknown copyright status removed: [[Image:Schimitzek Erwin.jpg|thumb|right|300px|[[Pink triangle]] prisoner Erwin Schimitzek, interned in [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz]] in 1941, died in 1942.]] -->
*'''1945''' — Upon the liberation of [[Nazi concentration camps]] by Allied forces, those interned for homosexuality are not freed, but required to serve out the full term of their sentences under [[Paragraph 175]]; Portugal decriminalises homosexuality for the second time in its history.
*'''1946''' — "[[COC Nederland|COC]]" (Dutch acronym for "Center for Culture and Recreation"), one of the earliest [[homophile]] organizations, is founded in the [[Netherlands]]. It is the oldest surviving LGBT organization.
*'''1947''' — ''Vice Versa'', the first North American LGBT publication, is written and self-published by [[Edith Eyde]] in Los Angeles.
*'''1948''' — "Forbundet af 1948" ("League of 1948"), a homosexual group, is formed in Denmark.
*'''1948''' — The [[History of Poland (1945-1989)| communist authorities of Poland]] make age 15 the age of consent for all sexual acts, homosexual or heterosexual.
== 1950s ==
[[Image:Mattachine Review 1959.jpg|thumb|left|125px|[[Mattachine Society|Mattachine Review]] published by the [[Mattachine Society]]]]
* '''1950''' — The [[Swedish Federation for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Rights]] (RFSL) is formed in [[Sweden]]; [[East Germany]] partially abrogates the Nazis' emendations to Paragraph 175; The [[Mattachine Society]], the first American homosexual group, is founded in [[Los Angeles]]; 190 individuals in the United States are dismissed from government employment for their sexual orientation, commencing the [[Lavender scare]].
* '''1951''' — [[Greece]] decriminalizes homosexuality.
* '''1952''' — [[Dale Jennings]] successfully uses the defense of [[entrapment]] against charges of [[solicitation]]; [[ONE, Inc.]] is founded in California.
* '''1954''' — [[June 7]] — [[Alan Turing]] dies from [[cyanide]] poisoning, 18 months after being given libido-reducing hormone treatment for a year as a punishment for homosexuality; Arcadie, the first homosexual group in [[France]], is formed.
* '''1955''' — [[Daughters of Bilitis]] founded in [[San Francisco, California]].
* '''1956''' — [[Thailand]] decriminalizes homosexual acts.
* '''1957''' — The word "[[Transsexual]]" is coined by U.S. physician [[Harry Benjamin]]; The [[Wolfenden report|Wolfenden Committee]]'s report recommends decriminalizing consensual homosexual behaviour between adults in the United Kingdom; Psychologist [[Evelyn Hooker]] publishes a study showing that homosexual men are as well adjusted as non-homosexual men, which becomes a major factor in the [[American Psychiatric Association]] removing homosexuality from its handbook of disorders in 1973.
* '''1958''' — The [[Homosexual Law Reform Society]] is founded in the United Kingdom; [[Barbara Gittings]] founds the New York chapter of [[Daughters of Bilitis]].
== 1960s ==
* '''[[1961 in gay rights|1961]]''' — [[Czechoslovakia]] and [[Hungary]] decriminalize sodomy, the [[Holy See|Vatican]] declare that anyone who is "affected by the perverse inclination" towards homosexuality should not be allowed to take religious vows or be ordained within the [[Roman Catholic Church]]. [[José Sarria]] becomes the first openly gay candidate for public office in the United States when he runs for the [[San Francisco Board of Supervisors]].
* '''[[1962 in gay rights|1962]]''' — [[Illinois]] becomes first [[U.S. state]] to remove sodomy law from its criminal code.
* '''[[1963 in gay rights|1963]]''' — [[Israel]] decriminalizes de-facto sodomy and sexual acts between men by judicial decision against the enforcement of the relevant section in the old British-mandate law from 1936 (which in fact was never enforced).
* '''[[1966 in gay rights|1966]]''' - The [[Mattachine Society]] stages a "Sip-In" at [[Julius (New York City)|Julius Bar]] in New York City challenging a New York State Liquor Authority prohibiting serving alcohol to gays.
* '''[[1966 in gay rights|1966]]''' — The National Planning Conference of Homophile Organizations is established (to became ''NACHO'' — North American Conference of Homophile Organizations — in 1967); The [[Compton's Cafeteria riot]] occurred.
* '''[[1967 in gay rights|1967]]''' — [[Chad]] decriminalizes homosexuality; The [[Sexual Offences Act 1967]] decriminalises male homosexual behaviour in England and [[Wales]]; The book "Homosexual Behavior Among Males" by [[Wainwright Churchill]] breaks ground as a scientific study approaching homosexuality as a fact of life and introduces the term "homoerotophobia", a possible precursor to "homophobia"; The [[Oscar Wilde Bookshop]], the world's first homosexual-oriented bookstore, opens in New York City; "Our World" ("Nuestro Mundo"), the first Latino-American homosexual group, is created in [[Argentina]]; A raid on the [[Black Cat Tavern]] in [[Los Angeles, California]] promotes homosexual rights activity. The Student Homophile League at Columbia University is the first institutionally recognized gay student group in the United States.
* '''[[1968 in gay rights|1968]]''' — Paragraph 175 is eased in East Germany decriminalizing homosexual acts over the age of 18; [[Bulgaria]] decriminalizes adult homosexual relations.
* '''[[1969 in gay rights|1969]]''' — The [[Stonewall riots]] occur in New York; Paragraph 175 is eased in [[West Germany]]; Homosexual behavior legalized in [[Canada]] with an [[Age of Consent]] of 21 for sodomy, and 14 for non-sodomy; [[Poland]] decriminalizes homosexual [[prostitution]]; The Canadian [[Prime Minister]] is quoted as saying: "The government has no business in the bedrooms of the nation"; An [[Australian]] arm of the Daughters of Bilitis forms in [[Melbourne]] and is considered Australia's first homosexual rights organisation.
== 1970s ==
{{main|1970s in gay rights}}
* '''[[1970 in gay rights|1970]]''' — [[Kosovo]] decriminalized homosexuality, the first Gay Liberation Day March is held in New York City; The first Gay Freedom Day March is held in [[Los Angeles]]; The first "Gay-in" held in [[San Francisco]]; CAMP ([[Campaign Against Moral Prosecution]]) is formed in [[Australia]].
* '''[[1971 in gay rights|1971]]''' — [[Society Five]] (a homosexual rights organisation) is formed in [[Melbourne]] [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]]; Homosexuality is decriminalized in [[Austria]], [[Costa Rica]] and [[Finland]]; [[Colorado]] and [[Oregon]] repeal sodomy laws; [[Idaho]] repeals the sodomy law — Then re-instates the repealed sodomy law because of outrage among [[mormons]] and [[catholics]].<ref>[http://www.aclu.org/getequal/gettingrid.html Getting Rid of Sodomy Laws: History and Strategy that Led to the Lawrence Decision]</ref><ref>[http://www.sodomylaws.org/usa/idaho/idaho.htm Sodomy Laws, Idaho]</ref> The Netherlands changes the homosexual [[age of consent]] to 16, the same as the straight age of consent; The U.S. [[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian Party]] calls for the repeal of all [[victimless crime]] laws, including the sodomy laws;
Dr. [[Franklin E. Kameny|Frank Kameny]] becomes the first openly gay candidate for the [[United States Congress]]; The [[University of Michigan]] establishes the first collegiate LGBT programs office, then known as the "Gay Advocate's Office."
* '''[[1972 in gay rights|1972]]''' — Sweden becomes first country in the world to allow transsexuals to legally change their sex, and provides free hormone therapy; Hawaii legalizes homosexuality; In Australia, the Dunstan Labor government introduces a consenting adults in private type defence in [[South Australia]]. This defence was initiated as a [[Bill (proposed law)|bill]] by [[Murray Hill]], father of former Defence Minister [[Robert Hill (Australian politician)|Robert Hill]], and later [[repealed]] the state's [[sodomy law]] in 1975; [[Norway]] decriminalizes homosexuality; East Lansing and [[Ann Arbor, Michigan]] and San Francisco, California become the first cities in United States to pass a homosexual rights ordinance. Jim Foster, San Francisco and Madeline Davis, Buffalo, NY, first gay and lesbian delegates to the Democratic Convention, Miami, McGovern; give the first speeches advocating a gay rights plank in the Democratic Party Platform. "Stonewall Nation" first gay anthem is written and recorded by Madeline Davis and is produced on 45 rpm record by the Mattachine Society of the Niagara Frontier. Lesbianism 101, first lesbianism course in the U.S. taught at the University of Buffalo by Margaret Small and Madeline Davis.
* '''[[1973 in gay rights|1973]]''' — The [[American Psychiatric Association]] removes homosexuality from its [[Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders]] (DSM-II), based largely on the research and advocacy of [[Evelyn Hooker]]; [[Malta]] legalises homosexuality; In West Germany, the age of consent is reduced for homosexuals to 18 (though it is 14 for heterosexuals).
* '''[[1974 in gay rights|1974]]''' — [[Kathy Kozachenko]] becomes the first openly homosexual American elected to public office when she wins a seat on the [[Ann Arbor, Michigan]] city council; [[Ohio]] repeals sodomy laws. [[Robert Grant]] founds [[American Christian Cause]] to oppose the "[[gay agenda]]", the beginning of modern Christian politics in America. In London, the first openly [[London Lesbian and Gay Switchboard|LGBT telephone help line]] opens, followed one year later by the [[Brighton Lesbian and Gay Switchboard]].
[[Image:RainbowFlagCastroSF2005.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The [[Rainbow flag (gay movement)|Gay Pride Flag]], symbol of the Gay Rights Movement, was first flown in 1978 in [[San Francisco]]. This is the current version, flying over the [[The Castro, San Francisco, California|Castro]] in June 2005]]
* '''[[1974 in gay rights|1974]]'''- The [[Brunswick Four]] are arrested on January 5th, 1974, in [[Toronto, Ontario]]. This incident of [[Lesbophobia]] galvanizes the Toronto Lesbian and Gay community.<ref>Warner, Tom. ‘’Never Going Back: A History of Queer Activism in Canada’’, 2002 University of Toronto Press, ISBN 0802084605 p41</ref>
* '''[[1975 in gay rights|1975]]''' — [[Elaine Noble]] becomes the second openly homosexual American elected to public office when she wins a seat in the [[Massachusetts State House]]; South Australia becomes the first state in Australia to make homosexuality legal between consenting adults in private. [[Panama]] is the second country in the world to allow transsexuals who have gone through gender reassignment surgery to get their personal documents reflecting their new sex.
* '''[[1976 in gay rights|1976]]''' — [[Robert Grant]] founds the [[Christian Voice]] to take his anti-homosexual-rights crusade national in United States; The [[Homosexual Law Reform Coalition]] and the [[Gay Teachers Group]] are started in Australia; The [[Australian Capital Territory]] decrimilizes [[homosexuality]] between consenting adults in private and equalizes the age of consent; and [[Denmark]] equalizes the age of consent.
* '''[[1977 in gay rights|1977]]''' — [[Harvey Milk]] is elected city-county supervisor in San Francisco, becoming the third out American elected to public office; [[Dade County, Florida]] enacts a Human Rights Ordinance; it is repealed the same year after a militant anti-homosexual-rights campaign led by [[Anita Bryant]]. [[Quebec]] becomes the first jurisdiction larger than a city or county in the world to prohibit [[discrimination]] based on [[sexual orientation]] in the public and private sectors; [[Croatia]], [[Montenegro]], [[Slovenia]] and [[Vojvodina]] legalised homosexuality.
* '''[[1978 in gay rights|1978]]''' — San Francisco Supervisor [[Harvey Milk]] and Mayor [[George Moscone]] are [[Moscone-Milk assassinations|assassinated]] by former Supervisor [[Dan White]]; The [[Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras]] for the first time; The [[Rainbow flag (gay movement)|rainbow flag]] is first used as a symbol of homosexual pride; Sweden establishes a uniform age of consent. [[Samois]] the earliest known lesbian-feminist [[BDSM]] organization is founded in San Francisco; well-known members of the group include [[Pat Califia]] and [[Gayle Rubin]]; the group is among the very earliest advocates of what came to be known as [[sex-positive feminism]].
* '''[[1979 in gay rights|1979]]''' — The first national homosexual rights march on [[Washington, DC]] is held; [[Harry Hay]] issues the first call for a [[Radical Faerie]] gathering in [[Arizona]], and [[Cuba]] and [[Spain]] decriminalize homosexuality.
== 1980s ==
* '''[[1980 in gay rights|1980]]''' — The [[Democratic National Convention]] becomes the first major political party in America to endorse a homosexual rights platform plank; [[Scotland]] decriminalizes homosexuality; [[David McReynolds]] becomes the first openly GLBT individual to run for [[President of the United States]], appearing on the [[Socialist Party U S A]] ticket; The [[Human Rights Campaign]] Fund founded by Steve Endean, an advocate for gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender equality.
* '''[[1981 in gay rights|1981]]''' — The [[European Court of Human Rights]] in [[Dudgeon v. United Kingdom]] strikes down Northern Ireland's criminalisation of homosexual acts between consenting adults, leading to Northern Ireland decriminalising homosexual sex the following year; [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]], Australia and [[Colombia]] decriminalize homosexuality with a uniform age of consent; The [[Moral Majority]] starts its anti-homosexual crusade; Norway becomes the first country in the world to enact a law to prevent discrimination against homosexuals; [[Hong Kong]]'s first sex-change operation is performed.
* '''[[1982 in gay rights|1982]]''' — France equalizes the age of consent; The first [[Gay Games]] is held in San Francisco, attracting 1,600 participants; [[Northern Ireland]] decriminalizes homosexuality; [[Wisconsin]] becomes the first US state to ban discrimination against homosexuals; [[New South Wales]] becomes the first Australian state to outlaw discrimination on the basis of actual or perceived homosexuality.
* '''[[1983 in gay rights|1983]]''' — [[Massachusetts]] Representative [[Gerry Studds]] reveals he is a homosexual on the floor of the House, becoming the first openly homosexual member of Congress; [[Guernsey]] (Including [[Alderney]], [[Herm]] and [[Sark]]) and Portugal decriminalizes homosexuality, AIDS is described as a "gay plague" by Reverend [[Jerry Falwell]].
* '''[[1984 in gay rights|1984]]''' — The lesbian and gay association "Ten Percent Club" is formed in Hong Kong; Massachusetts voters reelect representative Gerry Studds, despite his revealing himself as homosexual the year before; New South Wales and the [[Northern Territory]] in [[Australia]] make homosexual acts legal; [[Chris Smith, Baron Smith of Finsbury|Chris Smith]], newly elected to the UK parliament declares: "My name is Chris Smith. I'm the Labour MP for Islington South and Finsbury, and I'm gay", making him the first openly out homosexual politician in the UK parliament. The Argentine Homosexual Community (Comunidad Homosexual Argentina, CHA) is formed uniting several different and preexisting groups. Berkeley, California becomes the first city in the U.S. to adopt a program of domestic partnership health benefits for city employees.
* '''[[1985 in gay rights|1985]]''' — France prohibits discrimination based on lifestyle (moeurs) in employment and services; The first memorial to [[History of gay people in Nazi Germany and the Holocaust|gay Holocaust victims]] is dedicated; [[Belgium]] equalizes the age of consent.
* '''[[1986 in gay rights|1986]]''' — [[Homosexual Law Reform Act]] passed in [[New Zealand]], legalizing sex between males over 16; June in ''[[Bowers v. Hardwick]]'' case, U.S. Supreme Court upholds Georgia law forbidding oral or anal sex, ruling that the constitutional right to privacy does not extend to homosexual relations, but it did not state whether the law could be enforced against heterosexuals.
* '''[[1987 in gay rights|1987]]''' — [[AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power|ACT UP]] stages its first major demonstration, seventeen protesters are arrested; U.S. Congressman [[Barney Frank]] comes out; [[Homomonument]], a memorial to persecuted homosexual, opens in [[Amsterdam]].
* '''[[1988 in gay rights|1988]]''' — Sweden is the first country to pass laws protecting homosexual regarding social services, taxes, and inheritances. [[Section 28]] passes in England and Wales; Scotland enacts almost identical legislation; [[Member of Parliament#Canada|Canadian MP]] [[Svend Robinson]] comes out; Canada lowers the age of consent for sodomy to 18; [[Belize]] and [[Israel]] decriminalize ([[de jure]]) sodomy and sexual acts between men (the relevant section in the old British-mandate law from 1936 was never enforced in Israel).
* '''[[1989 in gay rights|1989]]''' — [[Western Australia]] de-crimilizes male homosexuality (but the age of consent is set at 21); [[Liechtenstein]] legalizes homosexuality; [[Denmark]] is the first country in the world to enact [[registered partnership]] laws (like a [[civil union]]) for same-sex couples, with most of the same rights as marriage (excluding the right to adoption and the right to marriage in a church).
== 1990s ==
* '''[[1990 in gay rights|1990]]''' — [[OutRage!]], an LGBT rights direct action group, forms in the UK; [[Czechoslovakia]] equalizes the age of consent and [[Jersey]] legalizes homosexual acts. [[Justin Fashanu]] is the first professional footballer to come out in the press.
* '''[[1991 in gay rights|1991]]''' — [[Bahamas]], [[Hong Kong]], [[Ukraine]] and Queensland in Australia decriminalize sodomy; The [[red ribbon]] is first used as a symbol of the campaign against [[HIV/AIDS]].
* '''[[1992 in gay rights|1992]]''' — The [[World Health Organization]] removes homosexuality from its [[ICD|ICD-10]]; Australia allows homosexuals to serve in the military for the first time; [[Isle of Man]], [[Estonia]] and [[Latvia]] legalize homosexuality; [[Iceland]], [[Luxembourg]] and [[Switzerland]] all equalize the age of consent; [[Nicaragua]] recriminalizes homosexuality (then de-crimilizes homosexuality again in March 2008).
* '''[[1993 in gay rights|1993]]''' — [[Brandon Teena]] is raped and murdered; The third homosexual rights march on [[Washington, DC]] is held; Sodomy laws are repealed in [[Norfolk Island]] and the [[Republic of Ireland]]; [[Gibraltar]] and [[Russia]] decriminalizes consensual male sodomy (with the exception of the [[Chechen Republic]]); [[Lithuania]] legalizes homosexuality; Norway enacts registered partnership [[civil union]] laws that grant same-sex couples the same rights as married couples, except for the right to adopt or marry in a church.
* '''[[1994 in gay rights|1994]]''' — [[Bermuda]], [[Serbia]] and [[South Africa]] legalize homosexuality; The [[United Kingdom]] reduces the age of consent for homosexual men to 18; The [[American Medical Association|AMA]] denounces supposed cures for homosexuality; Canada grants refugee status to homosexuals fearing for their well-being in their native country; Paragraph 175 is repealed in Germany; Israel’s supreme court defines homosexual couple’s rights as the same as any common-law-couple’s rights.
* '''[[1995 in gay rights|1995]]''' — Sweden legalizes registered partnerships; The [[Supreme Court of Canada]] rules that sexual orientation is a prohibited reason for discrimination under the [[Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms]]; [[Albania]] and [[Moldova]] decriminalize homosexuality; The [[Human Rights Campaign]] drops the word fund from their title and broadens their mission to promote "an America where gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender people are ensured equality and embraced as full members of the American family at home, at work and in every community."
* '''[[1996 in gay rights|1996]]''' — The age of consent is equalised in [[Burkina Faso]]; Iceland legalizes registered partnerships; Hungary recognizes same-sex partners in unregistered domestic partnerships; [[Romania]] decriminalizes homosexuality that is not scandalous; [[Republic of Macedonia|Macedonia]] decriminalizes homosexuality.
* '''[[1997 in gay rights|1997]]''' — [[South Africa]] becomes the first country to prohibit explicitly discrimination based on sexual orientation in its constitution and comes into force; The UK extends [[immigration]] rights to same-sex couples akin to marriage; [[Fiji]] becomes the second country to protect explicitly against discrimination based on sexual orientation in its constitution; Laws prohibiting private homosexual acts are finally repealed in [[Tasmania]], Australia, the last Australian state to do so, as well as in [[Ecuador]]; [[Russia]] equalizes the age of consent.
* '''[[1998 in gay rights|1998]]''' — [[Matthew Shepard]] is murdered; The Employment Equality Act is introduced in Ireland, covering wrongful dismissal based on the grounds of sexual orientation; Sexual orientation is read into the IRPA, [[Alberta]]'s human rights act, through ''[[Vriend v. Alberta]]''; [[Ecuador]] is the third country in the world to explicitly prohibit discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation; [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], [[Chile]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Kyrgyzstan]] and [[Tajikistan]] legalize homosexuality; [[Croatia]] and [[Latvia]] equalize the age of consent. Cyprus decriminalizes homosexuality;
* '''[[1999 in gay rights|1999]]''' — [[California]] adopts a [[domestic partnership]] law; [[France]] enacts civil union laws; The "[[Queer Youth Alliance]]" is founded in the UK; Israel’s supreme court recognizes a lesbian partner as another legal mother of her partner’s biological son; [[Finland]] equalizes the age of consent.
==21st century CE==
== 2000s ==
''(See individual year page for more info)''
* '''[[2000 in gay rights|2000]]''' — The United Kingdom's ban on homosexuals serving in the armed forces is abolished and [[Section 28|Clause 2A]] is repealed in Scotland; the former USSR states of [[Azerbaijan]] and [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] legalize homosexual acts; [[Gabon]] decriminalize homosexuality; the age of consent is equalised in the United Kingdom, [[Belarus]], and [[Israel]]; The [[Bundestag]] officially apologizes to gays and lesbians persecuted under the Nazi regime, and for "harm done to homosexual citizens up to 1969"; [[Vermont]] becomes the first U.S. state to legalize civil unions; Israel recognizes same-sex relations for immigration purposes for a foreign partner of an Israeli resident.
* '''[[2001 in gay rights|2001]]''' — The state of [[Arizona]] repeals its sodomy law; [[Albania]] and [[Liechtenstein]] equalize the age of consent; Same-sex marriage is legalized in the Netherlands, making it the first country to do so; Germany enacts registered partnership legislation; Protesters disrupt the first Pride march in [[Belgrade]]; and the rest of the United Kingdom's territories legalize homosexuality.
* '''[[2002 in gay rights|2002]]''' — [[Austria]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Cyprus]], [[Estonia]], [[Hungary]], [[Moldova]], [[Romania]] and [[Western Australia]] all equalize their age of consent; [[Romania]] repeals article 200, which was used to punish "scandalous sodomy"; Sweden legalizes adoption for same-sex couples; [[Zurich]] extends marriage-like rights to same-sex couples; openly gay Dutch politician [[Pim Fortuyn]] is assassinated by [[Volkert van der Graaf]]; homosexuality is decriminalized in [[China]]; a civil unions law is passed in [[Buenos Aires]], making it the first Latin-American city to legalize same-sex unions.
* '''[[2003 in gay rights|2003]]''' — [[Belize]] recriminalizes homosexuality; [[Section 28]] is repealed in England and Wales; the [[U.S. Supreme Court]] strikes down remaining state sodomy laws; [[Armenia]] decriminalizes male homosexual sodomy; Lithuania, the Northern Territory and New South Wales all equalize their age of consent; same-sex marriage in Belgium is legalized; Germany's Supreme Court upholds the country's civil union.
* '''[[2004 in gay rights|2004]]''' — In [[Tasmania]], the ''Relationships Act 2003'' providing a registered partnership becomes affective from 1 January, 2004; [[Cape Verde]] and [[Marshall Islands]] legalize homosexuality, both from 1 February 2004; Portugal is the fourth country in the world to protect people from discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation in their Constitution; [[Massachusetts]] legalizes same-sex marriage while eleven other [[U.S. state]]s ban the practice through public referendums; Domestic partnerships are legalized in [[New Jersey]]; [[Rio Grande do Sul]], [[Brazil]] accepts civil unions; Australia bans same-sex marriage on the 13 August, 2004; [[New Zealand]] provides [[civil unions in New Zealand|passes a civil union bill]]; [[Luxembourg]] introduces [[civil partnership]]s; [[Same-sex marriage in Belgium|Same-sex marriages in Belgium]] get adoption rights and are equal to marriage.
* '''[[2005 in gay rights|2005]]''' — [[New Zealand]] is the first nation in the world to outlaw [[hate crime]] and employment discrimination on the basis of [[Transgender|gender identity]]; [[Puerto Rico]] repeals anti-sodomy law; Hong Kong age of consent equalized through legal ruling;<ref>[http://www.365gay.com/Newscon06/10/101606hongKong.htm|365Gay.com: Hong Kong Gay Sex Law Dead]</ref> [[Uganda]] and [[Same-sex marriage in Latvia|Latvia]] amend their constitutions to prohibit same-sex marriage; Same-sex marriage is legalized in [[Same-sex marriage in Spain|Spain]] and [[Same-sex marriage in Canada|Canada]] (together with adoption); Andorra recognizes same-sex partners in "Stable Unions"; Two gay male teenagers, [[Mahmoud Asgari and Ayaz Marhoni]], are executed in [[Iran]]; Switzerland votes in favor of extending rights for registered same-sex couples; South Africa's Supreme Court rules that it is unconstitutional to ban gay marriages, legalizing same-sex marriage effective [[1 December]] [[2006]]; [[André Boisclair]] is chosen leader of the [[Parti Québécois]], becoming the first openly homosexual man elected as the leader of a major political party in North America. UK introduces [[civil partnerships]] with rights all but equal to marriage; [[Maine]] adds sexual orientation and gender identity to existing anti-discrimination laws.
* '''[[2006 in gay rights|2006]]''' — [[Serbia]] and [[Isle of Man]] equalized the age of consent;<ref>[http://www.pinknews.co.uk/news/articles/2005-2222.html Gay sex at 16 legal, Man]</ref> [[Illinois]] outlaws sexual orientation discrimination; [[Washington]] adds sexual orientation to its existing anti-discrimination laws; [[Missouri]] legalizes homosexuality between consenting adults;<ref>[http://www.pinknews.co.uk/news/view.php?id=1683|Repeal of anti gay law in Missouri]</ref> The first homosexual pride march in [[Moscow]] ends with violence; The first regional [[Zagreb Pride#First Eastern European Pride|Eastern European Pride]] is held in [[Zagreb]], [[Croatia]]; The [[United States Senate]] fails to pass the [[Federal Marriage Amendment]]; The [[2006 World Outgames#International Conference on LGBT Human Rights|International Conference on LGBT Human Rights]] is held in [[Montreal]]; The [[Czech Republic]] and [[Slovenia]] introduce civil partnerships; [[Mexico City]] introduces civil unions; South Africa legalizes same-sex marriage; The [[Supreme Court of Israel#High Court of Justice|Israeli High Court]] orders Israeli law to recognize same-sex marriages performed abroad; Fiji legalizes consensual homosexuality<ref>[http://www.pinknews.co.uk/news/articles/2005-1948.html Fiji legalizes consensual homosexuality]</ref> and Germany includes gender identity in anti-discrimination law;<ref>[http://typo3.lsvd.de/fileadmin/pics/Dokumente/Homosexualitaet/World_legal_wrap_up_survey._November2006.pdf World Legal Wrap Up — November, 2006]</ref> [[South Australia]] the only state left in [[Australia]] to enact most laws that includes all couples;<ref>[http://www.pinknews.co.uk/news/articles/2005-3200.html South Australia gays get new rights]</ref> Another section 28 "successfully repealed" in [[Isle of Man]]<ref>[http://www.stonewall.org.uk/information_bank/history__lesbian__gay/89.asp Timeline of lesbian and gay history]</ref> and the [[Faroe Islands]] make sexual orientation discrimination illegal by a narrow vote of 17:15.<ref>[http://www.365gay.com/Newscon06/12/121506islands.htm Island Chain Votes To Ban Discrimination Against Gays]</ref> [http://www.hrc.org/Template.cfm?Section=About_HRC&Template=/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=35078 Human Rights Campaign, 2006 Summary of legislative issues in each state of USA]
[[Image:Same sex marriage map Europe detailed.svg|right|300px|thumb|A diagram showing the varying regulation by country of same-sex unions throughout Europe.
{{legend|#980098|Same sex marriage recognised}}
{{legend|#0000FF|Civil unions recognised}}
{{legend|#009800|Unregistered cohabitation recognised}}
{{legend|#FFFF00|Issue under political consideration}}
{{legend|#FF9800|Unrecognised or unknown}}
{{legend|#FF0000|Same sex marriage banned|}}]]
* '''[[2007 in gay rights|2007]]''' — [[Registered partnership]] takes effect in [[Switzerland]]; [[age of consent]] equalized in [[Jersey]];<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/jersey/5151592.stm BBC: State votes for consent age drop]</ref><ref>[http://www.jerseylegalinfo.je/Law/Display.aspx?url=LawsInForce%2fhtm%2flawfiles%2f2007%2fL-02-2007.htm Sexual Offences (Jersey) Law 2007]</ref> In [[New Jersey]] and [[Coahuila]], Mexico civil unions law come into effect; The first ever gay pride parade in a [[Muslim]] country was held in [[Istanbul]], [[Turkey]] [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IGUC0zEMEcU ''See video'']; [[domestic partnership]] law comes into effect in [[South Australia]] on [[1 June]] 2007 and in [[Washington state]] on [[22 July]], [[2007]]; [http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts2006/20060003.htm Equality Act 2006] comes into force for the UK (with provisions protecting people from discrimination in goods and services on the grounds of sexual orientation and establishing the [http://www.cehr.org.uk Commission for Equality and Human Rights]). Oregon, Colorado, Ohio, and Iowa ban discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity in the private sector. On [[August 9]], [[2007]], the [[Logo (TV channel)|Logo cable channel]] hosts the first presidential forum in the United States focusing specifically on LGBT issues. Six [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] candidates participate in the event. GOP candidates were asked to attend but turned it down. [[Nepal]] make homosexuality legal, by [[Supreme Court]] orders; [http://www.pinknews.co.uk/] [http://news.google.com.au/news?hl=en&q=Nepal+homosexuality&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=wn] [[Portugal]] and South Africa equal age of consent come into force from a new [[Penal Code]].
*'''[[2008 in LGBT rights|2008]]''' — The "civil union" law goes into effect in [[New Hampshire]] and [[Uruguay]] since 1 January, 2008 and also a "domestic partnership" legislation in [[Oregon]] came into effect from [[4 February]] — Lots of couples sign up for these; [[Nicaragua]] re-legalizes homosexuality (with an equal age of consent), under a new [[Penal Code]] from 1 March, 2008; [[Kosovo]] declares to be an international country with a new constitution that includes "sexual orientation" the first of its kind in Eastern Europe, and the [[Registered partnership]] legislation called the ''Relationships Act 2008'' will come into effect from 1 December, [[2008]] in [[Victoria (Australia)]] and the [[Australian Capital Territory]] will provide a ''Civil Partnership'' called the Civil Partnership Act 2008 will commence from 15 November, 2008. On May 15, 2008, the California State Supreme Court ruled it was unconstitutional to deny same-sex couples equal marriage rights, thus making [[California]] the second state to legalize same-sex marriage. On June 3 the first two same sex civil marriages (two men and two women)take place in Greece on the island of Telos. The supreme court prosecutor and the minister of Justice claim the marriages are null and void.
* '''[[2009 in gay rights|2009]]''' — SSMs law in [[Norway]] and Hungary's "Registered partnership" law goes into effect on [[1 January]], [[2009]]. "Unregistered co-habitation" has been provided since 1996 [http://www.pinknews.co.uk/news/articles/2005-6361.html] and [[Northern Cyprus]] legalizes male homosexuality by a new [[Criminal Code]], effective from 1 January 2009;{{Fact|date=February 2008}}; [[Austria]] and [[Ireland]] indroduce "civil partnerships" which both comes into effect from [[1 December]], 2009.
==See also==
* [[History of human sexuality]]
* [[List of years in LGBT rights]]
* [[:Category:LGBT history]]
* [[Timeline of sexual orientation and medicine]]
==Footnotes==
{{reflist|2}}
==References==
*{{citation
|last =Chauncey
|first =George
|title =Gay New York: Gender, Urban Culture, and the Making of the Gay Male World, 1890–1940
|publisher =[[Basic Books]]
|edition=Reprint
|year=1995
|isbn=0465026214
}}
*{{citation
|last=Percy III
|first=William Armstrong
|title=Pederasty and pedagogy in archaic Greece
|publisher=[[University of Illinois Press]]
|isbn=0252022092
|year=1996
}}
==External links==
* Extended [http://www.geocities.com/gueroperro/Chron-44-page.wps.htm Chronicle of gay history]
* [http://www.enderminh.com/minh/civilrights.aspx History of Gay Rights]
* [http://www.aboutgaymovies.info/gay%20movie%20history.htm Gay Movie History]
* [http://www.ilga.org/statehomophobia/Legal%20Wrap%20Up%20Survey%20July%202006.pdf ILGA's Legal Wrap-up 2006]
* [http://www.jtsears.com/histovr.htm Professor James T. Sears Historical Overview]
* [http://www.pcsproud.org.uk/our_story.pdf Our Story (Another Timeline)]
* [http://www.365gay.com/InTime/InTime.htm 365gay History on this day...]
* [http://lgbthistorymonth.org.uk LGBT History Month, United Kingdom]
* [http://www.petra.ac.id/asc/people/homo/development.html The Development of Homosexuality in Australia]
* [http://www.stonewall.org.uk/information_bank/history__lesbian__gay/89.asp Timeline of lesbian and gay history]
* [http://www.aaronsgayinfo.com/timeline/FtimeBC.html Timeline of more History]
{{LGBT history}}
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[[Category:Sexual orientation and history| ]]
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[[it:Cronologia della storia LGBT]]
[[hu:LMBT-kronológia]]
[[pt:Cronologia dos direitos homossexuais]]
[[sh:Pregled LGBT istorije]]
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