Tobamovirus 1891996 218459802 2008-06-10T19:18:09Z Kingdon 668610 /* Members */ link to [[Odontoglossum ringspot virus]] {{Taxobox | color=violet | image = | image_width = | image_caption = | name = ''Tobamovirus'' | virus_group = iv | familia = ''None Currently Assigned'' | genus = '''''Tobamovirus''''' }} The genus '''Tobamovirus''' contains viruses with a positive sense [[RNA]] genome that infect plants. The most common tobamovirus is probably [[tobacco mosaic virus]], which infects tobacco and other plants including potatoes, tomatoes, and squashes. The name "Tobamovirus" comes from the host and symptoms: Toba for Tobacco and mo for mosaic. There are four subgroups within this genus; the solanaceous, brassicas, cucurbits and malvaceous-infecting tobamoviruses. The main differences between these groups are genome sequence and range of host plants. == Genome == The RNA genome encodes four [[polypeptides]]; the [[non-structural protein]] and the read through product which are involved in virus replication, the [[movement protein]] which is necessary for the virus to move between cells and the [[coat protein]]. The virus is able to replicate without the movement or coat proteins but the other two are essential. The non-structural protein has domains suggesting it is involved in RNA capping and the read through product has a motif for an RNA polymerase. The movement proteins are made very early in the infection cycle and localized to the [[plasmodesmata]], they are probably involved in host specificity as they are believed to interact with some host cell factors. == Routes of Infection == The infection is localized to begin with but if the virus remains unchallenged it will spread via the vascular system into a systemic infection. The exact mechanism the virus uses to move throughout the plant is unknown but the interaction of pectin methylesterase, a cellular enzyme important for cell wall metabolism and plant development, with the movement protein has been implicated. == Members == Definitive members of the Tobamovirus group:<ref>[http://www.dpvweb.net/dpv/showdpv.php?dpvno=184 Descriptions of Plant Viruses, The Association of Applied Biologists (AAB)]</ref> *[[Tobacco mosaic virus]] (TMV) *[[Cucumber]] green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) and Cucumber virus 4 (CV4) *Frangipani virus (FV) *[[Odontoglossum ringspot virus]] (ORSV) *Ribgrass mosaic virus (HRV) *Sammons' opuntia virus (SOV) *Sunn-hemp mosaic virus (SHMV) *[[Tomato mosaic virus]] (ToMV) and U2 - tobacco mosaic virus (T2MV) [[Tentative]] members of the Tobamovirus group include: *[[Beet]] necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) *Chara corallina virus (CCV) *[[Nicotiana]] velutina mosaic virus (NVMV) *[[Peanut]] clump virus (PCV) *[[Potato]] mop-top virus (PMTV) *Soil-borne [[wheat]] mosaic virus (SBWMV) {{Incomplete list}} == Footnotes == {{reflist}} == References == Cactus mild mottle virus is a new cactus-infecting tobamovirus BE Min, BN Chung, MJ Kim, JH Ha, BY Lee, KH Ryu - Archives of Virology, 2006 [http://www.springerlink.com/content/u3n622011035x205/fulltext.pdf] Subcellular localization of host and viral proteins associated with tobamovirus RNA replication - Yuka Hagiwara, Keisuke Komoda, Takuya Yamanaka, Atsushi Tamai, Tetsuo Meshi, Ryo Funada, Tomohiro Tsuchiya, Satoshi Naito and Masayuki Ishikawa [http://www.nature.com/emboj/journal/v22/n2/abs/7594944a.html] Systemic movement of a tobamovirus requires host cell pectin methylesterase Min-Huei Chen and Vitaly Citovsky - The Plant Journal Volume 35 Issue 3 Page 386 - August 2003 [http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1365-313X.2003.01818.x?cookieSet=1] {{virus-plant-disease-stub}} [[Category:Viruses]] [[Category:Plant pathogens and diseases]] [[fr:Tobamovirus]]