Tobamovirus
1891996
218459802
2008-06-10T19:18:09Z
Kingdon
668610
/* Members */ link to [[Odontoglossum ringspot virus]]
{{Taxobox | color=violet
| image =
| image_width =
| image_caption =
| name = ''Tobamovirus''
| virus_group = iv
| familia = ''None Currently Assigned''
| genus = '''''Tobamovirus'''''
}}
The genus '''Tobamovirus''' contains viruses with a positive sense [[RNA]] genome that infect plants. The most common tobamovirus is probably [[tobacco mosaic virus]], which infects tobacco and other plants including potatoes, tomatoes, and squashes. The name "Tobamovirus" comes from the host and symptoms: Toba for Tobacco and mo for mosaic. There are four subgroups within this genus; the solanaceous, brassicas, cucurbits and malvaceous-infecting tobamoviruses. The main differences between these groups are genome sequence and range of host plants.
== Genome ==
The RNA genome encodes four [[polypeptides]]; the [[non-structural protein]] and the read through product which are involved in virus replication, the [[movement protein]] which is necessary for the virus to move between cells and the [[coat protein]]. The virus is able to replicate without the movement or coat proteins but the other two are essential. The non-structural protein has domains suggesting it is involved in RNA capping and the read through product has a motif for an RNA polymerase. The movement proteins are made very early in the infection cycle and localized to the [[plasmodesmata]], they are probably involved in host specificity as they are believed to interact with some host cell factors.
== Routes of Infection ==
The infection is localized to begin with but if the virus remains unchallenged it will spread via the vascular system into a systemic infection. The exact mechanism the virus uses to move throughout the plant is unknown but the interaction of pectin methylesterase, a cellular enzyme important for cell wall metabolism and plant development, with the movement protein has been implicated.
== Members ==
Definitive members of the Tobamovirus group:<ref>[http://www.dpvweb.net/dpv/showdpv.php?dpvno=184 Descriptions of Plant Viruses, The Association of Applied Biologists (AAB)]</ref>
*[[Tobacco mosaic virus]] (TMV)
*[[Cucumber]] green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) and Cucumber virus 4 (CV4)
*Frangipani virus (FV)
*[[Odontoglossum ringspot virus]] (ORSV)
*Ribgrass mosaic virus (HRV)
*Sammons' opuntia virus (SOV)
*Sunn-hemp mosaic virus (SHMV)
*[[Tomato mosaic virus]] (ToMV) and U2 - tobacco mosaic virus (T2MV)
[[Tentative]] members of the Tobamovirus group include:
*[[Beet]] necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV)
*Chara corallina virus (CCV)
*[[Nicotiana]] velutina mosaic virus (NVMV)
*[[Peanut]] clump virus (PCV)
*[[Potato]] mop-top virus (PMTV)
*Soil-borne [[wheat]] mosaic virus (SBWMV)
{{Incomplete list}}
== Footnotes ==
{{reflist}}
== References ==
Cactus mild mottle virus is a new cactus-infecting tobamovirus
BE Min, BN Chung, MJ Kim, JH Ha, BY Lee, KH Ryu - Archives of Virology, 2006 [http://www.springerlink.com/content/u3n622011035x205/fulltext.pdf]
Subcellular localization of host and viral proteins associated with tobamovirus RNA replication - Yuka Hagiwara, Keisuke Komoda, Takuya Yamanaka, Atsushi Tamai, Tetsuo Meshi, Ryo Funada, Tomohiro Tsuchiya, Satoshi Naito and Masayuki Ishikawa [http://www.nature.com/emboj/journal/v22/n2/abs/7594944a.html]
Systemic movement of a tobamovirus requires host cell pectin methylesterase
Min-Huei Chen and Vitaly Citovsky - The Plant Journal Volume 35 Issue 3 Page 386 - August 2003 [http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1365-313X.2003.01818.x?cookieSet=1]
{{virus-plant-disease-stub}}
[[Category:Viruses]]
[[Category:Plant pathogens and diseases]]
[[fr:Tobamovirus]]