Tricholoma
4387570
221955167
2008-06-26T21:17:54Z
Ka Faraq Gatri
6892069
Category:Tricholomataceae
{{Taxobox
| name = ''Tricholoma''
| image = Matsutake.jpg
| image_caption = [[Matsutake]]
| regnum = [[Fungus|Fungi]]
| divisio = [[Basidiomycota]]
| classis = [[Agaricomycetes]]
| ordo = [[Agaricales]]
| familia = [[Tricholomataceae]]
| genus='''''Tricholoma'''''
| genus_authority = [[Elias Magnus Fries|Fries]]
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
| type_species = ''[[Tricholoma equestre]]''
}}
The genus '''''Tricholoma''''' contains a large number of fairly fleshy white-spored [[Agaricales|gilled mushrooms]] which are found worldwide generally growing in woodlands. These are [[ectomycorrhizal fungus|ectomycorrhizal fungi]], existing in a symbiotic relationship with various species of coniferous or broad-leaved trees. The generic name derives from the [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] ''trichos''/τριχος 'hair' and ''loma''/λωμα 'hem', 'fringe' or 'border',<ref name=nilper>{{cite book | last = Nilson|first= Sven |coauthors= Olle Persson | year = 1977 | title = Fungi of Northern Europe 2: Gill-Fungi | publisher = Penguin|isbn=0-14-063006-6|pages=p. 24}}</ref> although only a few species (such as ''T. vaccinum'') have shaggy caps which fit this description.
Some well-known species are the [[East Asia]]n ''[[Tricholoma matsutake]]'', also known as "[[matsutake]]" or ''songi'', and the North American species ''[[Tricholoma magnivelare]]'', also known as "ponderosa mushroom", "American matsutake", or "[[Pine mushroom]]". Some are safe to eat, yet there are a few poisonous members, such as ''[[Tricholoma pardinum|T. pardinum]]'', ''[[Tricholoma tigrinum|T. tigrinum]]'' and ''[[Tricholoma equestre|T. equestre]]''.
Many species originally described within Tricholoma have since been moved to other genera. These include the Wood blewit (''[[Clitocybe nuda]]''), previously ''Tricholoma nudum'', blewit (''[[Clitocybe saeva]]''), previously ''Tricholoma personatum'', and St George's mushroom (''[[Calocybe gambosa]]'') previously ''Tricholoma gambosum''.
==Species list==
[[Image:Tricholoma fulvum 041031w.jpg|thumb|150px|right|''T. fulvum'']]
[[Image:Tricholoma lascivum.jpg|thumb|150px|right|''T. lascivum'']]
[[Image:Tricholoma scalpuratum 20061014wa.jpg|thumb|150px|right|''T. scalpuratum'']]
[[Image:Tricholoma sulphureum 031123w.jpg|thumb|100px|right|''T. sulphureum'']]
[[Image:Tricholoma terreum 20061105wa.jpg|thumb|150px|right|''T. terreum'' (or ''T. myomyces'')]]
*[[Image:Poisonous toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma aestuans]]''
*[[Image:Inedible toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma albobrunneum]]''
*[[Image:Edible toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma argyraceum]]'' (aka ''T. sculpturatum'')
*[[Image:Poisonous toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma auratum]]'' - golden ''Tricholoma''
*[[Image:Edible toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma columbetta]]'' - dove-coloured ''Tricholoma ''
*[[Image:Poisonous toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma equestre]]'' (previously ''T. flavovirens'') - Man-on-Horseback
*[[Image:Unknown toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma eucalypticum]]''
*[[Image:Inedible toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma fulvum]]''
*[[Image:Edible toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Calocybe gambosa|Tricholoma gambosum]]'' - aka ''Calocybe gambosa''
*[[Image:Edible toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma imbricatum]]'' - matt knight-cap
*[[Image:Poisonous toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma inamoenum]]''
*[[Image:Edible toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma magnivelare]]'' - pine mushroom, American matsutake
*[[Image:Choice toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[matsutake|Tricholoma matsutake]]'' - matsutake
*[[Image:Edible toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma orirubens]]''
*[[Image:Poisonous toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma pardinum]]''
*[[Image:Poisonous toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma pessundatum]]''
*[[Image:Unknown toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma populinum]]''
*[[Image:Edible toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma portentosum]]''
*[[Image:Inedible toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma saponaceum]]'' - soap-scented toadstool
*[[Image:Inedible toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma sejunctum]]''
*[[Image:Edible toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma squarrulosum]]''
*[[Image:Poisonous toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma sulphureum]]'' - sulphur ''Tricholoma'', gas agaric
*[[Image:Edible toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma terreum]]'' (= ''T. myomyces'') - grey knight-cap
*[[Image:Poisonous toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma tigrinum]]''
*[[Image:Poisonous toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma ustale]]''
*[[Image:Inedible toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma vaccinum]]'' - scaly ''Tricholoma'' , scaly agaric
*[[Image:Inedible toxicity icon.png|20px]]''[[Tricholoma virgatum]]'' - streaked ''Tricholoma''
==External links==
*[http://www.mushroomexpert.com/tricholoma.html Mushroom Expert - The Genus Tricholoma]
*[http://www.mykoweb.com/CAF/species/Tricholoma_magnivelare.html Mykoweb profile of ''T. magnivelare'']
*[http://www.bio.net/bionet/mm/mycology/ MYCOLOGY/bionet.mycology Archives]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{commonscat|Tricholoma}}
*Marcel Bon : ''The Mushrooms and Toadstools of Britain and North-western Europe'' (Hodder & Stoughton 1987). ISBN 0-340-39935-X
*Régis Courtecuisse, Bernard Duhem : ''Guide des champignons de France et d'Europe'' (Delachaux & Niestlé, 1994-2000). ISBN 2-603-00953-2
[[Category:Tricholomataceae]]
[[de:Ritterlinge]]
[[es:Tricholoma]]
[[fr:Tricholoma]]
[[it:Tricholoma]]
[[ja:キシメジ属]]
[[lt:Baltikas]]
[[pl:Gąska]]
[[fi:Valmuskat]]