True parrots 201246 225199873 2008-07-12T12:33:48Z Kurt Shaped Box 129178 /* Image gallery */ + Scarlet Macaw pic {{otheruses|Parrot (disambiguation)}} {{Taxobox | name = True parrots | image = Gelbbrustara.jpg | image_caption = [[Blue-and-gold Macaw]]s | image_width = 220px | regnum = [[Animal]]ia | phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]] | classis = [[bird|Aves]] | ordo = [[parrot|Psittaciformes]] | familia = '''Psittacidae''' | familia_authority = [[Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger|Illiger]], 1811 | subdivision_ranks = Subfamily | subdivision = [[Lories and lorikeets|Loriinae]] (lories and lorikeets)<br/> [[Psittacinae]] (typical parrots and allies)<br/> (but see text) }} The '''true parrots''' are about 330 species of bird belonging to the '''Psittacidae''' [[Family (biology)|family]], one of the two "traditional" families in the [[order (biology)|biological order]] Psittaciformes ([[parrot]]s). The other family is the Cacatuidae ([[cockatoo]]s) which are also [[parrots]], but not classified as true parrots. True parrots are more widespread than cockatoos, with species in the [[Americas]], [[Africa]], [[Asia]], [[Australia]] and eastwards across the [[Pacific Ocean]] as far as [[Polynesia]]. The true parrot family is often considered to contain two [[subfamily|subfamilies]], the [[Psittacinae]] (typical parrots and allies) and the Loriinae ([[Lories and lorikeets]]). However, there are other systems of classification and these two groups are sometimes ascribed full family status, being called Psittacidae and Loriidae. Like most parrots the Psittacidae are primarily seed eaters. There is some variation in the diet of individual species, with fruits, nuts, leaves and even insects and other animal prey being taken on occasion by some species. The lorikeets are predominately [[nectar]] feeders; many other parrots will drink nectar as well. Most Psittacidae are cavity nesting birds which form monogamous pair bonds. ==Phylogeny== {{see|Parrot}} The order Psittaciformes (parrots) contains two families of parrots, the cockatoos and the true parrots. These seem to be less distinct from each other than the true parrot lineages are among themselves, and it appears as if eventually most major groups of living parrots will be given the same taxonomic rank. They will probably be treated as subfamilies for the most part, as the living Psittaciformes seem [[monophyletic]] with regards to several prehistoric families. *Family '''Psittacidae''' (true parrots) **Subfamily [[Lories and lorikeets|Loriinae]] (lories and lorikeets) **Subfamily [[Psittacinae]] (typical parrots and allies) *** Tribe [[Neotropical parrot|Arini]] (American psittacines) - [[polyphyletic]]? *** Tribe [[Cyclopsitticini]] (fig parrots) *** Tribe [[Micropsittini]] (pygmy parrots) *** Tribe [[Nestorini]] (kakas and Kea) *** Tribe [[Platycercini]] (broad-tailed parrots) *** Tribe [[Psittrichadini]] (Pesquet's Parrot) *** Tribe [[Psittacini]] (African psittacines) *** Tribe [[Psittaculini]] (Asian psittacines) *** Tribe [[Strigopini]] (Kakapo) ==Image gallery== <gallery> Image:Ara macao - two at Lowry Park Zoo.jpg|[[Scarlet Macaw]]s Image:Blackhoodedparakeet.jpg|[[Black-hooded Parakeet]] or Nanday Conure, a popular South American species. Image:Parrot clay lick.jpg|[[Chestnut-fronted Macaw]]s [[Mealy Amazon]]s and [[Dusky-headed Conure]]s at a clay lick in Ecuador Image:Amazona vittata.jpg|[[Puerto Rican Amazon]]s at nesting site Image:Senegal-parrot-montage-2.jpg|[[Senegal Parrot]]s Image:Rose-ringed Parakeet (Male) I IMG 9141.jpg|[[Rose-ringed Parakeet]], a common species in Africa and Asia and feral in Europe And United States. Image:Kakariki.jpg|The [[Red-crowned Parakeet]] of New Zealand Image:Pale-headed Rosela.jpg|The [[Pale-headed Rosella]] of Australia Image:Kea.jpg|The [[Kea]] of New Zealand Image:Musk Lorikeet.jpg|The [[Musk Lorikeet]] of Ausralia Image:Loriflammeche.jpg|[[Yellow-streaked Lory]] of New Guinea Image:Papagaio (Fêmea) REFON 010907.jpg|[[Blue-fronted Amazon]] parrot Image:Zebrabudgie.jpg|The [[Budgerigar]] of Australia </gallery> == Species lists == *[[list of parrots|Species list sortable alphabetically by common or scientific name]] *[[list of parrots (family)|Species list in taxonomic order]] ==Books== * Bruce Thomas Boehner - ''Parrot Culture. Our 2,500-year-Long Fascination with the World's Most Talkative Bird'' (2004) == External links == {{commons|Psittacidae}} <!--===========================================================================--> <!--| PLEASE DO NOT ADD LINKS TO EXTERNAL WEBSITES THAT CONTAIN ADVERTISING. |--> <!--| WIKIPEDIA IS NOT A COLLECTION OF LINKS. |--> <!--| If you are not sure if your link is helpful, you might like to put it |--> <!--| on this article's discussion page first, or submit your link to the |--> <!--| appropriate category at the Open Directory Project (www.dmoz.org) |--> <!--| and link back to that category using the {{dmoz}} template. |--> <!--| |--> <!--| Links that do not follow Wikepedia's guidelines WILL BE DELETED. |--> <!--| See [[Wikipedia:External links]] and [[Wikipedia:Spam]] for details. |--> <!--===========================================================================--> *[http://www.cityparrots.org City Parrots] *[http://www.freeparrots.net FreeParrots.net - News and info about parrot studies, conservation efforts, and captive welfare from around the world.] *[http://ibc.hbw.com/ibc/phtml/familia.phtml?idFamilia=73 Parrot videos] on the Internet Bird Collection *[http://www.xeno-canto.org/browse.php?query=psittacidae Parrot sounds] in the xeno canto collection *{{ITIS|ID=177405|taxon=Psittacidae}} [[Category:Parrots|*]] [[Category:Psittacidae|*]] [[ca:Psittacidae]] [[de:Eigentliche Papageien]] [[es:Psittacidae]] [[eo:Papagedoj]] [[fa:طوطی]] [[fr:Psittacidae]] [[gl:Papagaio]] [[io:Papagayo]] [[it:Psittacidae]] [[he:תוכיים]] [[hu:Papagájfélék]] [[id:Betet sejati]] [[mg:Boloky]] [[nah:Alotl]] [[nl:Papegaaien]] [[ja:インコ]] [[no:Papegøyer]] [[pl:Papugowate]] [[pt:Papagaio]] [[qu:Luru]] [[ru:Попугаевые]] [[simple:Parrot]] [[fi:Papukaijat]] [[sv:Äkta papegojor]] [[th:นกแก้ว]] [[uk:Папугові]] [[zh:鹦鹉科]]