Tubal 422703 224697777 2008-07-10T00:42:18Z Neelix 1169106 Combined other uses in disambiguation link {{otheruses}} '''Tubal''', תובל [[Help:IPA pronunciation key|IPA]] [ tʷu'bal ] or תבל [ tu'bal ], "Thou shalt be brought", in [[Book of Genesis|Genesis]] 10 (the [[Table of Nations]]), was the name of a son of [[Japheth]], son of [[Noah]]. Many authors, following the Romanized Jewish author [[Josephus]] ([[1st century|1st century AD]]), related the name to ''Iber''. Concerning the question of the ethnic affinity of the population of Tubal, Josephus wrote: "Tobal gave rise to the Thobeles, who are now called Iberes". This version was repeated by Patriarch [[Eustathius of Antioch]], Bishop [[Theodoret]], and others. However, [[Jerome]], [[Isidore of Seville]], and the Welsh historian [[Nennius]] stated another tradition that Tubal was ancestor to the Iberians, 'Italians' [i.e., Italic tribes] and 'Spanish' [who were also called [[Iberians]]]. Tubal is also said to be the founder of the Portuguese city of ''[[Setúbal|Setubal]]''. Basque intellectuals like [[Poza]] (16th century) have named Tubal as the ancestor of [[Basques]], and by extension, the Iberians. The French Basque author [[Augustin Chaho]] (19th century) published ''The Legend of Aitor'', asserting that the common patriarch of the Basques was [[Aitor]], a descendant of Tubal. The [[Caucasian Iberia]]ns were relatives of modern [[Georgia (country)|Georgians]]. Some modern [[Georgia (country)|Georgians]] also claim descent from Tubal and [[Meshech]]; a Georgian historian, [[Ivane Javakhishvili]], considered Tabal, Tubal, Jabal and Jubal to be ancient Georgian tribal designations. The [[Tabal]]i (''Tibarenoi'' in [[Greek language|Greek]]) were [[Luwian]] tribes of [[Asia Minor]] of the [[3rd millennium BC|3rd]]-[[1st millennium BC|1st millennias BC]]. They and other related tribes, the ''Chalybes'' ([[Khalib]]/[[Khaldi]]) and the [[Mossynoeci]] (''Mossynoikoi'' in Greek), are sometimes considered the founders of [[metallurgy]]. == Literature == * [[Ivane Javakhishvili]]. "Historical-Ethnological problems of Georgia, the Caucasus and the Near East" (a monograph), Tbilisi, 1950, pp. 130-135 (in Georgian) * [[Giorgi Melikishvili]]. "About the history of ancient Georgia" (a monograph), Tbilisi, 1959, pp. 9, 13, 14, 18, 72-78, 108-110, 121, 175, 226, 227, 253 (in Russian) * [[Simon Janashia]]. "Works", vol. III, Tbilisi, 1959, pp. 2-74 (in Georgian) * [[Guram Kvirkvelia]]. "Foreign scientists about the metallurgy of the ancient Georgian tribes" (a monograph), Tbilisi, 1976, pp. 3-90 (in Georgian, Russian summary). * [[Nana Khazaradze]]. "The Ethnopolitical entities of Eastern Asia Minor in the first half of the 1st millennium BC" (a monograph), Tbilisi, 1978, pp. 3-139 (in Georgian, Russian and English) {{Sons of Noah}} [[Category:Hebrew Bible nations]] [[Category:Torah people]] [[Category:Japhetic]] [[de:Tubal]] [[es:Tubal]] [[id:Tubal]] [[he:תובל (דמות מקראית)]] [[pt:Tubal]] [[ru:Фувал]]