Twenty20 770690 226050340 2008-07-16T16:37:01Z Jpgordon 96897 Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/77.68.124.51|77.68.124.51]] ([[User talk:77.68.124.51|talk]]) to last version by DaGizza {{for|the Malayalam film|Twenty:20}} '''Twenty20''' is a form of [[cricket]], originally introduced in [[United Kingdom]] for professional inter-county competition by the [[England and Wales Cricket Board]] (ECB), in 2003. Both teams have a single [[innings]] and bat for a maximum of 20 [[over (cricket)|overs]]. A Twenty20 game is completed in about two and half hours, with each innings lasting around 75 minutes, thus bringing the game closer to the timespan of other popular team sports such as [[football]]. It was introduced to create a lively form of the game which would be attractive to spectators at the ground and viewers on television and as such it has been very successful. The ECB did not intend that Twenty20 would replace other forms of cricket and these have continued alongside it. The game has spread around the cricket world. On most international tours there is a Twenty20 match and most [[Test cricket|Test]]-playing nations have a domestic cup competition. The inaugural [[ICC World Twenty20]] was played in [[South Africa]] in 2007 with [[Indian cricket team|India]] defeating [[Pakistani cricket team|Pakistan]] in the final. [[Image:England vs Sri Lanka.jpg|thumb|400px|A view of the Twenty20 match between [[England cricket team|England]] and [[Sri Lanka cricket team|Sri Lanka]] at the [[Rose Bowl, Hampshire|Rose Bowl]] on [[15 June]] [[2006]]]] ==Playing Conditions== [[Image:Twenty20 game.jpg|thumb|right|350px|[[Middlesex County Cricket Club|Middlesex]] playing against [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey]] at [[Lord's Cricket Ground|Lord's]], in front of a 28,000-strong crowd]] The [[Laws of cricket]] apply to Twenty20 with some exceptions: * Each bowler may bowl a maximum of only one-fifth of the total overs per innings (generally four, for a full, uninterrupted game). ie 10 per 50 * [[Umpire (cricket)|Umpires]] may award five-run penalty runs at their discretion if they believe either team is wasting time. * If the fielding team doesn't start to bowl their 20th over within 75 minutes, the batting side is credited an extra six runs for every whole over bowled after the 75 minute mark; the umpire may add more time to this, if he considers the batting team is wasting time. * The following [[Fielding (cricket)|fielding]] restrictions apply: ** No more than five fielders can be on the [[leg side]] at any time. ** During the first six overs, a maximum of two fielders can be outside the [[Fielding (cricket)#Restrictions on field placement|30-yard circle]]. ** After the first six overs, a maximum of five fielders can be outside the fielding circle. *If the match ends with the scores tied and there must be a winner, the tie is broken with a [[bowl-out]] (similar to a [[penalty shoot-out]] in [[Football (soccer)|football]]), with five bowlers from each side delivering 1 ball each at an unguarded [[wicket]]. If the number of wickets is equal after the first five balls per side, the bowling continues and is decided by [[sudden death (sport)|sudden death]]. *Should a bowler deliver a no ball by overstepping the popping crease, it costs 1 run and his next delivery is designated a free-hit, from which the batsman can only be dismissed through a run out, for hitting the ball twice, obstructing the field or handling the ball, as is the case for the original "no ball". ==History== [[Image:Andrew Strauss twenty20.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[England cricket team|England]] batsman [[Andrew Strauss]] batting for [[Middlesex County Cricket Club|Middlesex]] against [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey]]]] While the idea of a shortened format of the game was discussed in 1998 and 2001,<ref name="t20hist">[http://www.cricinus.com/2007/09/twenty20cricket-history.html History of Twenty20 cricket] All Out For Nothing. Retrieved [[June 9]] [[2008]]</ref> Twenty20 cricket wasn't formally introduced until 2003 when the [[England and Wales Cricket Board|ECB]] launched the [[Twenty20 Cup]] in an attempt to curb falling attendances to County Cricket matches.<ref name="t20hist">[http://www.cricinus.com/2007/09/twenty20cricket-history.html History of Twenty20 cricket] All Out For Nothing. Retrieved [[June 9]] [[2008]]</ref> The first official Twenty20 matches were played on [[June 13]] [[2003]] between a variety of English counties.<ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/link_to_database/ARCHIVE/2003/ENG_LOCAL/TWENTY-20/SCORECARDS/13JUN2003/ Matches played 13th June 2003] Cricinfo. Retrieved [[June 9]] [[2008]]</ref> The first season of Twenty20 in England was a relative success with the [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey Lions]] defeating the [[Warwickshire County Cricket Club|Warwickshire Bears]] by 9 wickets in the final to claim the Twenty20 Cup.<ref>[http://www.cricinfo.com/link_to_database/ARCHIVE/2003/ENG_LOCAL/TWENTY-20/SCORECARDS/KNOCK-OUTS/SURREY_WARWICKS_TWENTY-20-FINAL_19JUL2003.html Twenty20 Cup, 2003, Final - Surrey v Warwickshire] Cricinfo. Retrieved [[June 9]] [[2008]]</ref> On [[15 July]] [[2004]] [[Middlesex County Cricket Club|Middlesex]] vs. [[Surrey County Cricket Club|Surrey]] (the first Twenty20 game to be held at [[Lord's Cricket Ground|Lord's]]) attracted a crowd of 26,500, the largest attendance for any [[county cricket]] game other than a one-day final since 1953. On [[12 January]] [[2005]] [[Australia]]'s first Twenty20 game was played at the [[WACA]] ground between the [[Western Warriors]] and the [[Victorian Bushrangers]]. It drew a sellout crowd of 20,700. On [[17 February]] [[2005]] [[Australian cricket team|Australia]] defeated [[New Zealand cricket team|New Zealand]] in the first men's full international Twenty20 match, played at [[Eden Park]] in [[Auckland]]. The game was played in a light-hearted manner - both sides turned out in kit similar to that worn in the 1980s, the New Zealand team's a direct copy of that worn by the [[Beige Brigade]]. Some of the players also sported moustaches/beards and hair styles popular in the 1980s taking part in a competition amongst themselves for ''best retro look'', at the request of the Beige Brigade. Australia won the game comprehensively, and as the result became obvious towards the end of the NZ innings, the players and umpires took things less seriously - [[Glenn McGrath]] jokingly replayed the [[Trevor Chappell]] [[1981 underarm bowling incident|underarm]] incident from a 1981 ODI between the two sides, and [[Billy Bowden]] showed him a mock [[red card]] (red cards are not normally used in cricket) in response. The first Twenty20 international in England was played between [[English cricket team|England]] and [[Australian cricket team|Australia]] at the [[Rose Bowl, Southampton|Rose Bowl]] in [[Hampshire]] on the [[13 June]] [[2005]], which England won by a record margin of 100 runs. On [[9 January]] [[2006]] [[Australian cricket team|Australia]] and [[South African cricket team|South Africa]] met in the first international Twenty20 game in Australia. In a first, each player's [[List of nicknames used in cricket|nickname]] appeared on the back of his uniform, rather than his surname. The international match drew a crowd of 38,894 people at the [[Brisbane Cricket Ground|The Gabba]]. Australia convincingly won the match with [[man of the match]] [[Damien Martyn]] scoring 96 runs. On [[16 February]] [[2006]] [[New Zealand cricket team|New Zealand]] defeated [[West Indian cricket team|West Indies]] in a tie-breaking [[bowl-out]] 3-0; 126 runs were scored apiece in the game proper. The game was the last international match played by [[Chris Cairns]] - NZC handed out life-size cardboard masks of his face to patrons as they entered the ground. Starting [[11 July]] [[2006]] 19 West Indies regional teams competed in what was named the [[Stanford 20/20]] tournament. The event has been financially backed by billionaire [[Allen Stanford]], who gave at least US$28,000,000 funding money. West Indies legends also backed the programme, and several "looked after" the teams during their stay in and around the purpose built ground in Antigua. It is intended that the tournament will be an annual event. [[Guyanese cricket team|Guyana]] won the inaugural event, defeating [[Trinidad and Tobago cricket team|Trinidad and Tobago]] by 5 wickets.[http://www.cricinfo.com/stanford/content/story/256391.html] The top prize for the winning team was US$1,000,000, but other prizes were given throughout the tournament, such as play of the match (US$10,000) and man of the match (US$25,000).[http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/sports/html/20060208T230000-0500_98302_OBS_DATES_FOR_STANFORD_TWENTY___ANNOUNCED.asp] On [[5 January]] [[2007]] [[Queensland Bulls]] played the [[New South Wales Blues]] at [[Brisbane Cricket Ground|The Gabba]], [[Brisbane]]. A crowd of 11,000 was expected based on pre-match ticket sales. However, an unexpected 16,000 turned up on the day to buy tickets, causing disruption and confusion for surprised Gabba staff as they were forced to throw open gates and grant many fans free entry. Attendance reached 27,653.[http://www.thetwenty20cup.co.uk/db/aus/article.asp?NewsID=1093][http://cricket.com.au/default.aspx?s=newsdisplay&id=38521] For [[1 February]] 2008's Twenty20 match between Australia and India, the [[Melbourne Cricket Ground]] was sold out based on pre-ticket sales and 84,041<ref>[http://content-aus.cricinfo.com/ausvind/engine/match/291356.html Cricinfo - Only Twenty20 International: Australia v India at Melbourne, Feb 1, 2008<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> people attended the match involving the Twenty20 World Champions against the ODI World Champions. ==International== {{main|Twenty20 International}} Twenty20 International has been played since 2005. To date 12 countries have played the format, including all Test playing nations. Every two years a [[ICC World Twenty20]] tournament is to take place, the first was during [[2007 ICC World Twenty20|2007 in South Africa]] where [[India cricket team|India]] defeated [[Pakistan cricket team|Pakistan]] in the final. The following teams have played a Twenty20 International, the date of their debut is shown in brackets: # [[Australian cricket team|Australia]] ([[17 February]] [[2005]]) # [[New Zealand cricket team|New Zealand]] ([[17 February]] [[2005]]) # [[English cricket team|England]] ([[13 June]] [[2005]]) # [[South African cricket team|South Africa]] ([[21 October]] [[2005]]) # [[West Indian cricket team|West Indies]] ([[16 February]] [[2006]]) # [[Sri Lankan cricket team|Sri Lanka]] ([[15 June]] [[2006]]) # [[Pakistani cricket team|Pakistan]] ([[28 August]] [[2006]]) # [[Bangladeshi cricket team|Bangladesh]] ([[28 November]] [[2006]]) # [[Zimbabwean cricket team|Zimbabwe]] ([[28 November]] [[2006]]) # [[Indian cricket team|India]] ([[1 December]] [[2006]]) # [[Kenya cricket team|Kenya]] ([[1 September]] [[2007]]) # [[Scotland cricket team|Scotland]] ([[12 September]] [[2007]]) == Domestic == {{main|Twenty20 Domestic}} This is a list of the main Twenty20 domestic competitions in each cricketing country. *England - [[Twenty20 Cup]] *Pakistan - [[ABN-AMRO Twenty-20 Cup]] *South Africa - [[Standard Bank Pro 20 Series]] *Sri Lanka - Twenty20 Cup *Australia - [[KFC Twenty20 Big Bash]] *New Zealand - State Twenty20 Cricket Tournament *West Indies - [[Stanford 20/20]] *India - Twenty20 Ranji Trophy/ [[Indian Cricket League]]/[[Indian Premier League]] *Kenya - Kenyan Elite Zonal league. ===Champions Twenty20 League=== {{main|Twenty20 Champions League}} On [[13 September]] [[2007]] the [[Board of Control for Cricket in India]] announced it would host a Champions Twenty20 Cricket tournament in October 2008. The tournament would consist of the top two domestic Twenty20 sides from India, [[England cricket team|England]], Australia and South Africa. The prize fund would be £2.5 Million with £1 million for the winning team. <ref> {{cite news | title = India unveils 'champions league' | work = [[BBC Sport]] | publisher = [[bbc.co.uk]] | date = [[2007-09-13]] | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/cricket/other_international/india/6992520.stm | accessdate = 2008-04-27 | quote = The new competition is part of the board's answer to the breakaway Indian Cricket League, which is due to take place in October and November.}} </ref> ==Records== These statistics are correct as of [[27 June]] [[2008]] and include all [[major cricket]] level Twenty20 matches. {{col-begin}} {{col-break}} '''Most Twenty20 runs''' {| class="wikitable" |- bgcolor=#bdb76b ! Player!!Runs!!Career span |- |{{flagicon|Australia}} [[Brad Hodge]]|| 1,661 || 2003-2008 |- |{{flagicon|South Africa}} [[Hylton Ackerman (cricketer, born 1973)|Hylton Ackerman]]|| 1,463 || 2004-2008 |- |{{flagicon|Australia}} [[David Hussey]] || 1,463 || 2004-2008 |- |{{flagicon|England}} [[Darren Maddy]]|| 1,391 || 2003-2007 |- |{{flagicon|South Africa}} [[Graeme Smith]] || 1,265 || 2004-2008 |} :<div style="font-size:75%">[http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/content/records/284267.html Full table on Cricinfo]</div> {{col-break}} '''Most Twenty20 wickets''' {| class="wikitable" |- bgcolor=#bdb76b ! Player!!Wickets!!Career span |- |{{flagicon|South Africa}} [[Tyron Henderson]]|| 70 || 2004-2008 |- |{{flagicon|England}} [[Nayan Doshi]]|| 61 || 2004-2008 |- |{{flagicon|South Africa}} [[Andrew Hall]] || 55 || 2003-2008 |- |{{flagicon|South Africa}} [[Charl Willoughby]]|| 54 || 2004-2008 |- |{{flagicon|South Africa}} [[Albie Morkel]] || 54 || 2004-2008 |} :<div style="font-size:75%">[http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/content/records/305211.html Full table on Cricinfo]</div> {{col-end}} '''Other records''' * Highest individual score - {{flagicon|New Zealand}} [[Brendon McCullum]] ([[Kolkata Knight Riders|Kolkata]]) '''158[[Not out|*]] (73)''' ([[2008 Indian Premier League#match1|2008 IPL]]) * Highest team total - {{Cr|Sri Lanka}} '''260/6 (20 overs)''' ([[2007 ICC World Twenty20#SL world record|2007 ICC World Twenty20]]) * Most sixes in an innings - {{flagicon|England}} [[Graham Napier]] ([[Essex Eagles|Essex]]) '''16''' ([[2008 Twenty20 Cup]]) * Most sixes in career - {{flagicon|Australia}} [[David Hussey]] '''63''' * Fastest hundred - {{flagicon|Australia}} [[Andrew Symonds]] ([[Kent County Cricket Club|Kent]]) '''34 balls''' ([[Twenty20 Cup|2004 Twenty20 Cup]]) * Fastest fifty - {{flagicon|India}} [[Yuvraj Singh]] '''12 balls''' ([[2007 ICC World Twenty20#Yuvraj world record|2007 ICC World Twenty20]]) * Most hundreds - {{flagicon|Australia}} [[Ian Harvey]] '''3''' * Best innings bowling figures - {{flagicon|Pakistan}} [[Sohail Tanvir]] ([[Rajasthan Royals|Rajasthan]]) '''6/14''' ([[2008 Indian Premier League#match24|2008 IPL]]) :<div style="font-size:75%">[http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/index.html?class=6 Comprehensive database of Twenty20 records on Cricinfo]</div> ==See also== {{portal|Cricket}} * [[National League (cricket)|Pro40 - The English One Day Game]] * [[List of Twenty20 International records]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== {{Commonscat|Twenty20}} *[http://stats.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/index.html?class=6 Cricinfo &ndash; Twenty20 records] {{Forms of cricket}} [[Category:Twenty20 cricket]] [[Category:Nine's Wide World of Sport]] [[de:Twenty20]] [[fr:Twenty20]] [[ml:ട്വന്റി20 ക്രിക്കറ്റ്‌]] [[mr:२०-२० सामने]] [[nl:Twenty20]] [[pl:Twenty20]]