Ulan Bator 67397 226165942 2008-07-17T03:11:28Z LonelyMarble 4608036 comma {{Mongolian Settlement |name = Ulan Bator |traditional = [[Image:Ulaghanbaghatur.svg| 25px]] |cyrillic = Улаанбаатар |cyrillic_transcription = Ulaanbaatar |classic_transcription = Ulaɣanbaɣatur |motto = |image_skyline = IMGP0119.JPG |imagesize = 285px |image_caption = |image_flag = Mn flag ulaanbaatar.png |flag_size = 120px |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = Mn coa ulaanbaatar.png |shield_size = 120px |city_logo = |citylogo_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |pushpin_map = Mongolia<!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --> |pushpin_label_position = bottom <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --> |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Mongolia |pushpin_mapsize =285 |subdivision_type = <!--Country--> |subdivision_name = Mongolia |subdivision_type1 = |subdivision_name1 = |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = Established as Örgöö |established_date = 1639 |established_title2 = current location |established_date2 = 1778 |established_title3 = Ulaanbaatar |established_date3 = 1924 |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 4704.4 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = 1816.3 |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 31.05.2008 |population_footnotes = <ref name="Statistic">Ulan Bator Statistic Bulletin May.2008 http://statis.ub.gov.mn/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=170&Itemid=99999999</ref> |population_note = |population_total = 1,044,500 |population_density_km2 = 222 |population_density_sq_mi = 575 |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |timezone = H |utc_offset = +8 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |latd=47 |latm=55 |lats= |latNS=N |longd=106 |longm=55 |longs= |longEW=E |elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags--> |elevation_m = 1350 |elevation_ft = 4429 |postal_code_type = Postal code |postal_code = 210 xxx |area_code = +976 (0)11 |blank_name = License plate |blank_info = УБ_ (_ variable) |blank1_name = [[ISO 3166-2]] |blank1_info = MN-1 |website = http://www.ulaanbaatar.mn/ |footnotes = }} {{for|the band|Ulan Bator (band)}} '''Ulan Bator''', or '''Ulaanbaatar''' ({{lang-mn|Улаанбаатар}}), is the [[capital]] and largest city of [[Mongolia]]. The city is an independent municipality not part of any [[aimags of Mongolia|province]], and its population as of 2008 is just over 1 million.<ref name="Statistic"/> Located in the north central part of the country, the city lies at an elevation of about 1310 [[meter|m]] in a valley on the [[Tuul River]]. It is the cultural, industrial, and financial heart of the country. It is a transport center, connected by highway to all the major towns in Mongolia and by rail to the [[Trans-Siberian Railway]] and [[China|Chinese]] railroad network.<ref name="Official">[http://ulanbator.mn/ Ulan Bator Official Web Portal]</ref> The city was founded in 1639 as a [[Buddhism in Mongolia|Buddhist]] [[Buddhist monasticism|monastery]] center and, in the 20th century, grew into a major manufacturing center defined by its broad boulevards and squares and [[Socialist Classicism|Socialist Classicist]]-style buildings.<ref name="Official"/> ==Names== <!--Names in Mongolian first--> Ulan Bator has had numerous names in its history. From 1639–1706, it was known as '''Örgöö''' ([[Mongolian language|Mongolian]]: Өргөө, ''residence''), and from 1706–1911 as '''Ikh Khüree''' (Mongolian: Их = "great", Хүрээ = "camp"), '''Da Khüree''' or simply '''Khüree'''. Upon independence in 1911, with both the secular government and the [[Bogd Khan]]'s palace present, the city's name changed to '''Niislel Khüree''' (Mongolian: Нийслэл = "capital", Хүрээ = "camp"). When the city became the capital of the new [[Mongolian People's Republic]] in 1924, its name was changed to '''Ulaanbaatar''' (Улаанбаатар, [[Mongolian script|classical script]]: [[Image:Ulaghanbaghatur.svg| 17px]], ''Ula{{IPA|ɣ}}an Ba{{IPA|ɣ}}atur''), literally "red hero"), in honor of Mongolia's national hero [[Damdin Sükhbaatar]], whose warriors liberated Mongolia from [[Ungern von Sternberg]]'s troops and Chinese occupation shoulder-to-shoulder with the Soviet [[Red Army]]. His statue still adorns Ulan Bator's central square. In [[Europe]] and [[North America]], Ulan Bator was generally known as '''Urga''' (from ''Örgöö'') or sometimes ''Kuren'' (from ''Khüree'') or ''Kulun'' (from 庫倫, the [[Chinese characters|Chinese]] transcription of ''Khüree'') before 1924, and Ulan Bator afterwards, after the {{lang-ru|Улан-Батор}}{{Fact|date=March 2008}}. The Russian spelling is different from the Mongolian because it was defined phonetically, and the Cyrillic script was only introduced in Mongolia seventeen years later. == Geography == {{climate chart |Ulan Bator |-26.5|-15.6|1.1 |-24.1|-11.4|1.7 |-15.4|-2.0|2.7 |-5.8|8.3|8.3 |2.7|16.8|13.4 |8.3|21.6|41.7 |11.2|22.7|57.6 |9.3|21.5|51.6 |2.2|15.6|26.2 |-6.0|6.8|6.4 |-16.2|-4.4|3.2 |-23.8|-13.7|2.5 |source=[http://www.climate-charts.com/Locations/m/MO44292.html#data Climate-Charts.com] |float=right }} Ulan Bator is located at about 1350 meters (4430 ft) above sea level, slightly east of the center of Mongolia on the [[Tuul River]], a sub[[tributary]] of the [[Selenga|Selenge]], in a valley at the foot of the mountain [[Bogd Khan Uul]]. Due to its high elevation, relatively high latitude, and location hundreds of kilometres from any coast, Ulan Bator is the coldest national capital in the world, with a monsoon-influenced [[subarctic climate]] ([[Koppen climate classification]] ''Dwc'') with brief, warm summers and long, very cold and dry winters. Precipitation is heavily concentrated in the warmer months. It has an average annual temperature of -1.3 °C (29.7 °F). The city lies in the zone of [[sporadic permafrost]], which means that building is difficult in sheltered aspects that preclude thawing in the summer, but easier on more exposed ones where soils fully thaw. Suburban residents live in traditional [[yurt|ger]]s that do not protrude into the soil.<ref>geography.about.com [http://geography.about.com/od/physicalgeography/a/coldcapital.htm coldcapital.html] </ref> == History == [[Image:Ulan-Bator Parliament Building Sükhbaatar Square.JPG|thumb|right|Parliament building, Sükhbaatar Square, August 2007]] Founded in 1639 as a [[yurt]] monastery, Ulan Bator, then '''Örgöö''' (palace-[[yurt]]), was first located at the lake [[Shireet Tsagaan nuur]] in what is now [[Övörkhangai Province|Övörkhangai]], around 250 km from the present site of Ulan Bator, and was mainly intended to be the seat of the first [[Jebtsundamba Khutughtu]], [[Zanabazar]]. As a mobile monastery-town, it was often moved to various places along the [[Selenga|Selenge]], [[Orkhon River|Orkhon]] and [[Tuul River|Tuul]] rivers, as supply and other needs would demand. During the [[Dzungar]] wars of the late 17th century, it was even moved to [[Inner Mongolia]].<ref>This Shireet tsagaan nuur is located in Övörkhangai's Bürd sum. P. Enkhbat, O. Pürev, ''Улаанбаатар'', Ulaanbaatar 2001, p. 9f</ref> As the city grew, it moved less and less.<ref name="BH of UB">[http://www.ulanbator.mn/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=165&Itemid=821 Brief history of Ulaanbaatar]</ref> In 1778, the city settled for good at its current location, near the confluence of the [[Selbe Gol|Selbe]] and Tuul rivers and beneath [[Bogd Khan Uul]], back then also on the caravan route from [[Beijing]] to [[Kyakhta]].<ref>Kohn, p. 52</ref> The city became the seat not only of the Jebtsundamba Khutugtus, but also of two [[Qing Dynasty|Qing]] [[amban]]s, and a [[Han Chinese|Chinese]] trade town ({{zh-tp|t=買賣城|p=''Măimàichéng''}}) grew several kilometers east of the city center. In 1911, Mongolian leaders in Ikh Khüree for [[Naadam]] met in secret and resolved upon independence from China for their country. On December 29, 1911, the [[Bogd Khan]] was declared ruler of an independent Mongolia.<ref name="BH of UB">[http://www.ulanbator.mn/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=165&Itemid=821 Brief history of Ulaanbaatar]</ref> Khüree as the seat of the Jebtsundamba Khutugtu was the logical choice for the capital of the new state. In 1919, it was occupied by Chinese troops, and in 1921 changed hands twice, first to [[Roman von Ungern-Sternberg|Baron Ungern]]'s [[White Movement|Whites]] Soldateska, and in July to the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]]-supported Mongolian troops led by [[Damdin Sükhbaatar|Sükhbaatar]]. On October 29, 1924, the town was renamed to Ulaanbaatar ("red hero") as reference to Sükhbaatar, who had died earlier that year.<ref name="BH of UB">[http://www.ulanbator.mn/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=165&Itemid=821 Brief history of Ulaanbaatar]</ref> In the socialist period, and especially following the [[Second World War]], most of the old [[ger quarter|yurt quarters]] were replaced by [[Ugsarmal bair|Soviet-style blocks of flats]], often financed by the Soviet Union. The [[Transmongolian Railway]], connecting Ulan Bator with Moscow and Beijing, was completed in 1956, and cinemas, theatres, museums etc. were erected. On the other hand, many of the temples and monasteries of pre-socialist Khüree were destroyed following the anti-religious [[Stalinist purges in Mongolia|purges]] of the late 1930s. Ulan Bator was the site of demonstrations that led to Mongolia's transition to democracy and a market economy in 1990. A December 10, 1989 protest outside the Youth Culture Centre called for Mongolia to implement [[perestroika]] and [[glasnost]] in their full sense. Dissident leaders demanded free elections and economic reform. On January 14, 1990, the protesters, having grown from two hundred to some 1,000, met at the Lenin Museum in Ulan Bator. A demonstration in Sukhbaatar Square on Jan. 21 (in weather of -30 C) followed. After came weekend demonstrations in January and February and the forming of Mongolia's first opposition parties. On March 7 ten dissidents assembled in Sukhbaatar Square and went on hunger strike. Thousands of supporters joined them. More came on March 8, and the crowd grew more unruly; seventy people were injured and one killed. On March 9 the Communist [[Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party|MPRP]] government resigned. The new government announced Mongolia's first free elections, which were held in July. (Ironically, the Communist government won the election by a wide margin.)<ref>Rossabi, Morris. ''Modern Mongolia: From Khans to Commissars to Capitalists''. 2005, University of California Press, ISBN 0520244192. pp. 1-28</ref> Since Mongolia's transition to market economy in 1990, the city has experienced further growth - especially in the yurt quarters, as construction of new blocks of flats had basically broken down in the 1990s - and population has doubled to now one million inhabitants, about 40% of Mongolia's entire population. This causes a number of social, environmental, and transportation problems. In recent years, construction of new buildings has gained new momentum, especially in the city center, and flat prices have skyrocketed. In 2008, Ulaanbaatar was the scene of riots after the opposition [[Democratic Party (Mongolia)|Mongolian Democratic Party]] protested its defeat by the the MPRP in [[Mongolian legislative election, 2008|parliamentary elections]]. Protesters set the MPRP's headquarters on fire, and five people were killed. == Administration and subdivisions == {{Main|Düüreg}} Ulan Bator is divided into nine districts ([[Düüreg]]s): [[Baganuur]], [[Bagakhangai]], [[Bayangol]], [[Bayanzürkh]], [[Chingeltei]], [[Khan Uul]], [[Nalaikh]], [[Songino Khairkhan]], and [[Sükhbaatar (district)|Sükhbaatar]]. Each district is subdivided into [[Khoroo]]s. The capital is governed by a city council (the Citizen's Representatives Hural) with forty members, elected every four years. The city council appoints the mayor. The current mayor is [[Tüdeviin Bilegt]]<ref>[http://www.mayor.mn/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=53&Itemid=43 Official website of the mayor of Ulan Bator]</ref>. Ulan Bator is governed as an independent first-level subdivision of Mongolia, separate from [[Töv Province|Töv Aimag]], the province that surrounds Ulan Bator. The city consists of a central district built in Soviet 1940s and 1950s-style architecture, surrounded by and mingled with residential concrete towerblocks and large [[yurt]] quarters. In recent years, a lot of the towerblock's ground floors have been modified and upgraded to small shops, and many new buildings have been erected, some of them illegally.{{fact|date=July 2008}} == Transportation == [[Image:Ulaanbaatar train station.jpg|left|thumb|[[Ulaanbaatar train station]]]] Interurban and international: Ulan Bator is served by the [[Chinggis Khaan International Airport]] (formerly Buyant Ukhaa Airport). It is 18 km southwest of the city.<ref>Kohn, p. 88</ref> Chinggis Khaan airport is the only airport in Mongolia that offers international flights. Flights to Ulan Bator are available from [[Tokyo, Japan|Tokyo]], [[Seoul]], [[Berlin]], [[Moscow]], [[Irkutsk]], and [[Beijing, China|Beijing]].<ref>[http://www.miat.com/routemap.php MIAT Route Map]</ref> Ulan Bator is connected by road to most of the major towns in Mongolia, but most roads in Mongolia are unpaved and unmarked and road travel can be difficult. Even within the city, not all roads are paved and some of the ones that are paved are not in good condition.<ref>[http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/EXTEAPREGTOPTRANSPORT/0,,contentMDK:20767661~menuPK:2069306~pagePK:34004173~piPK:34003707~theSitePK:574066,00.html Transport in Mongolia]</ref>There are rail connections to the [[Trans-Siberian railway]] via Naushki and to the Chinese railroad system via [[Jining, Inner Mongolia|Jining]]. Intra-urban: The national and municipal governments regulate a wide system of private transit providers which operate numerous bus lines around the city. Many of these buses are antiquated Czech vehicles, though Japan and Korea have recently donated and sold modern buses to the city. A secondary transit system of microbuses (passenger vans) operates alongside these bus lines and competes directly. In the last few years the city licensed an increasing number of marked taxicabs. However, most drivers in the city offer unregulated and informal taxicab service to anyone who signals them. ==Education== Ulan Bator has five major universities: the [[National University of Mongolia]], Science and Technological University of Mongolia, University of Health and Medical Science, Pedagogical University, and University of Art and Culture. The National Library of Mongolia has a wide selection of English-language texts on Mongolian subjects.<ref>Kohn, pp. 54-5</ref> The [[American School of Ulaanbaatar]] and the [[International School of Ulaanbaatar]] both offer Western-style K-12 education in English for Mongolian nationals and foreign residents.<ref>[http://www.asu.edu.mn/pages/1/page156.php American School of Ulaanbaatar]</ref><ref>[http://www.isumongolia.edu.mn/index.php International School of Ulaanbaatar]</ref> ==Sights == [[Image:Gandantegchinlen Khiid Monastery.jpg|thumb|[[Gandantegchinlen Khiid Monastery]]]] [[Image:IMGP0117.JPG|thumb|The Theatre in Ulan Bator]] Few buildings in Ulaanbaatar predate [[World War II]]. One is the [[Choijin Lama Monastery]], a Buddhist monastery that was completed in 1908. It escaped the destruction of Mongolian monasteries when it was turned into a museum in 1942.<ref>[http://museum.pixel.mn/english/index.php?id=8,0,0,1,0,0 Choijin Lama Monastery]</ref> Another is the [[Gandantegchinlen Khiid Monastery]], which dates to the 19th century. Its most famous attraction is a 26.5-meter-high golden statue of [[Avalokiteśvara|Migjid Janraisig]].<ref>Kohn, pp. 63-4</ref> These monasteries are two of the very few in Mongolia to escape the wholesale destruction of Mongolian monasteries under [[Khorloogiin Choibalsan]]. Ulaanbaatar has several museums dedicated to Mongolian history and culture. The Natural History Museum features many dinosaur fossils and meteorites found in Mongolia.<ref>[http://museum.pixel.mn/english/index.php?id=2,0,0,1,0,0 Natural History Museum]</ref><ref>Kohn, p. 60</ref> The [[National Museum of Mongolian History]] includes exhibits from prehistoric times through the [[Mongol Empire]] to the present day.<ref>Kohn, pp. 61, 66</ref><ref>[http://www.nationalmuseum.mn/ National Museum]</ref> The [[Zanabazar]] Museum of Fine Arts contains a large collection of Mongolian art, including works of the 17th century sculptor/artist Zanabazar, as well as Mongolia's most famous painting, ''One Day In Mongolia'' by [[Marzan Sharav|B. Sharav]].<ref>Kohn, p. 61</ref><ref>[http://www.zanabazarmuseum.org/index.php?id=1,0,0,7 Zanazabar Museum of Fine Arts]</ref> The Winter Palace of the [[Bogd Khan]] remains as a museum of the last king of Mongolia (1911-1924). The complex inculdes six temples as well as many of the Khan's possessions, such as his throne and bed, his collection of art and stuffed animals, his ornate ceremonial [[yurt|ger]], and a pair of ceremonial boots given to the Khan by Russian [[Nicholas II of Russia|Tsar Nicholas II]].<ref>[http://www.artscouncil.mn/file/06-28-2006/en/Museums_to_Highlight.doc Museums to Highlight]</ref><ref>Kohn, p. 63</ref> The [[National Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet of Mongolia|Ulaanbaatar Opera House]] hosts concerts and musical performances. [[Sükhbaatar Square]], in the government district, is the center of Ulaanbaatar. In the middle of Sükhbaatar Square, there is a statue of [[Damdin Sükhbaatar]] on horseback. On the north side of Sükhbaatar Square is the Mongolian Parliament building, featuring a large statue of [[Genghis Khan|Chinggis Khan]] at the top of the front steps. Peace Avenue (''Enkh Taivny Örgön Chölöö''), the main thoroughfare through town, runs along the south side of the square.<ref>Kohn, p. 52</ref> The [[Zaisan Memorial]], a memorial to Russian soldiers killed in World War II, sits on a hill south of the city. The Zaisan Memorial includes a Russian tank paid for by the Mongolian people and a circular memorial painting which depicts scenes of friendship between the peoples of Russia and Mongolia. Visitors who make the long climb to the top are rewarded with a panoramic view of the whole city down in the valley. [[National Sports Stadium (Mongolia)|National Sports Stadium]] is the main sporting venue. The [[Naadam]] festival is held here every July. [[Gorkhi-Terelj National Park]], a nature preserve with many tourist facilities, is approximately 70 km from Ulan Bator. Accessible via paved road. ==Symbols== [[Image:Ulanbator-Straße.jpg|thumb|right|Traffic in Ulan Bator]] The official symbol of Ulan Bator is the {{IAST|[[garuḍa]]}}, a mythical bird in both [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] and [[Hinduism|Hindu]] mythology called [[Khan (title)|Khan]] Garuda or ''Khangar'd'' ({{lang-mn|Хангарьд}}) by Mongols. ===Coat of arms=== The {{IAST|garuḍa}} appears on Ulan Bator's [[coat of arms]]. In its right hand is a key, a symbol of prosperity and openness, and in its left is a [[Nelumbo|lotus]] flower, a symbol of peace, equality, and purity. In its talons it is holding a snake, a symbol of evil of which it is intolerant. On the {{IAST|garuḍa}}'s forehead is the [[soyombo symbol]], which is featured on the [[flag of Mongolia]]. ===Flag=== The city’s [[flag]] is sky blue with the {{IAST|garuḍa}} arms in the center. == Sister cities == [[Image:Naadamceremony2006.jpg|thumb|150px|The [[Naadam]] ceremony]] According to the city's official website<ref>[http://ulaanbaatar.mn/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=460&Itemid=241 Ulaanbaatar.mn: Улаанбаатар хотын ах, дүү хотууд]</ref>: * {{flagicon|South Korea}} [[Seoul]], [[South Korea]] * {{flagicon|Russian Federation}} [[Moscow]], [[Russian Federation]] * {{flagicon|USA}} [[Denver, Colorado]], [[USA]]<ref>[http://www.denversistercities.org/ulaanbaatarHistory.php Denver Sister Cities]</ref> * {{flagicon|Japan}} [[Sapporo]], [[Japan]] * {{flagicon|Taiwan}} [[Taipei]], [[Taiwan]] * {{flagicon|China}} [[Hohhot]], [[People's Republic of China]] ==See also== * [[Architecture of Mongolia]] ==References== *{{1911}} * Kohn, Michael. ''[[Lonely Planet]] Mongolia''. 4th edition, 2005. ISBN 1740593596 {{reflist|2}} ==External links == {{Commons|Ulaanbaatar}} *[http://www.ulanbator.mn City of Ulan Bator] official site {{en icon}} *[http://www.citycouncil.mn City council of Ulan Bator] official site {{mn icon}} *[http://www.mayor.mn Mayor of Ulan Bator] official site {{mn icon}} *[http://map.gogo.mn/en/ Digital map of Ulan Bator] ger districts including {{en icon}} *[http://www.iras.ucalgary.ca/~volk/sylvia/Pozdneyev.htm "Urga or Da Khuree"] from A. M. Pozdneyev's ''Mongolia and the Mongols'' *[http://galleries.fototagger.com/link.php?action=detail&id=490 Photos of Ulan Bator with comments] * {{Wikitravel}} {{Provinces of Mongolia}} {{Asian capitals}} {{coor title dms|47|55|12|N|106|55|12|E|}} [[Category:Ulaanbaatar| ]] [[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Mongolia]] [[Category:Capitals in Asia]] [[Category:Settlements established in 1639]] [[af:Ulaanbaatar]] [[am:ኡላዓን ባዓታር]] [[ar:أولان باتور]] [[bn:উলানবাটর]] [[zh-min-nan:Ulaanbaatar]] [[be-x-old:Улан Батар]] [[bo:ཝུ་ལན་བ་ཐུར]] [[bg:Улан Батор]] [[ca:Ulan Bator]] [[cv:Улан Батор]] [[cs:Ulánbátar]] [[cy:Ulan Bator]] [[da:Ulan Bator]] [[de:Ulaanbaatar]] [[et:Ulaanbaatar]] [[el:Ουλάν Μπατόρ]] [[myv:Улан-Батор ош]] [[es:Ulán Bator]] [[eo:Ulan-Batoro]] [[eu:Ulan Bator]] [[fa:اولان‌باتور]] [[fr:Oulan-Bator]] [[ga:Ulánbátar]] [[gd:Ulan Bator]] [[gl:Ulán Bátor - Улаанбаатар]] [[ko:울란바타르]] [[hy:Ուլան Բատոր]] [[hr:Ulan Bator]] [[io:Ulan Bator]] [[id:Ulan Bator]] [[os:Улан-Батор]] [[is:Úlan Bator]] [[it:Ulan Bator]] [[he:אולן בטור]] [[ka:ულან-ბატორი]] [[sw:Ulaanbaatar]] [[ht:Oulan-Batò]] [[lb:Ulan Bator]] [[lt:Ulan Batoras]] [[hu:Ulánbátor]] [[mr:उलानबातर]] [[mn:Улаанбаатар]] [[nl:Ulaanbaatar]] [[ja:ウランバートル]] [[no:Ulan Bator]] [[nn:Ulan Bator]] [[nov:Ulaanbaatar]] [[oc:Ulaan Baatar]] [[pms:Ulaanbaatar]] [[pl:Ułan Bator]] [[pt:Ulaanbaatar]] [[ro:Ulaanbaatar]] [[ru:Улан-Батор]] [[sq:Ulan Bator]] [[simple:Ulaanbaatar]] [[sk:Ulánbátar]] [[sr:Улан Батор]] [[fi:Ulaanbaatar]] [[sv:Ulaanbaatar]] [[tl:Ulan Bator]] [[ta:உலான் பாடர்]] [[tt:Ulaanbaatar]] [[th:อูลานบาตอร์]] [[vi:Ulan Bator]] [[tg:Улан-Батор]] [[tr:Ulan Batur]] [[uk:Улан-Батор]] [[zh:乌兰巴托]]