Urogenital folds 1188534 213369642 2008-05-19T00:58:54Z Iridescent 937705 Cleanup/[[WP:AWB/T|typo fixing]] , typos fixed: particularily → particularly using [[Project:AutoWikiBrowser|AWB]] {{Infobox Embryology | Name = Urogenital folds | Latin = | GraySubject = 252 | GrayPage = 1206 | Image = | Caption = | Image2 = | Caption2 = | System = | CarnegieStage = | Precursor = [[Intermediate mesoderm]] | GivesRiseTo = [[labia minora]], [[spongy urethra]], [[perineal raphe]], [[penis]] | MeshName = | MeshNumber = | DorlandsPre = f_11 | DorlandsSuf = 12371558 | }} The '''urogenital folds''' (or '''urogenital ridges''', or '''urethral folds''') are an [[embryology|embryological]] structure which give rise to a portion of the external [[genitalia]]. ==Differentiation== It differentiates into two structures: <ref name="isbn0-914168-99-1">{{cite book |author=Netter, Frank H.; Cochard, Larry R. |title=Netter's Atlas of human embryology |publisher=Icon Learning Systems |location=Teterboro, N.J |year=2002 |pages=158 |isbn=0-914168-99-1 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref> * [[gonadal ridge]] -- medial -- primarily [[reproductive system]] * [[nephrogenic cord]] -- lateral -- primarily [[urinary system]] ==Derivatives== * In the ''female'', the urogenital folds become the [[labia minora]]. In contrast, the [[labia majora]] are formed by the [[labioscrotal folds]] <ref>[http://www.hsc.unt.edu/tcom2006/Scribes/REPRO%201%20SCRIBES/Repro23-MaleFemaleEmbryo2.doc HSC - Gonad Descent and Development of External Genitalia II]</ref> * In the ''male'', they form the [[spongy urethra]] and a portion of the shaft of the [[penis]], not including the [[Glans penis|glans]]. ==Pathology== In the male, failure of the urogenital folds to fuse during development leads to a condition known as [[hypospadias]]. ==Obsolete meanings== [[Image:Gray1106.png|thumb|300px|right| Section of the fold in the [[mesonephros]] of a chick embryo of the fourth day. This can also be called urogenital fold, but shouldn't be confused with the main meaning.]] Less commonly, urogenital fold refers to the fold in the [[mesonephros]] which is the precursor of e.g. the [[suspensory ligament of the ovary]]<ref>[http://vanat.cvm.umn.edu/TFFlectPDFs/LectEmbGenitalSys.pdf The University of North Texas Health Science Center - Genital System, page 44]</ref>. This is the case in older versions of Gray's anatomy. See [[development of the urinary and reproductive organs]], particularly the "The Mesonephros, Müllerian Duct, and Genital Gland" section for this meaning. == See also == * [[Fetal genitalia]] ==External links== * [http://sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/embryology/ug/Reproductives/Normal/Male_external.html "Development of Male External Genitalia", at mcgill.ca] * [http://sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/embryology/ug/Reproductives/Normal/Female_external.html "Development of Female External Genitalia", at mcgill.ca] * {{eMedicineDictionary|Urogenital+folds}} ==References== <references/> {{Development of urinary and reproductive systems}} [[Category:Embryology]] {{developmental-biology-stub}}