Urogenital folds
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{{Infobox Embryology |
Name = Urogenital folds |
Latin = |
GraySubject = 252 |
GrayPage = 1206 |
Image = |
Caption = |
Image2 = |
Caption2 = |
System = |
CarnegieStage = |
Precursor = [[Intermediate mesoderm]] |
GivesRiseTo = [[labia minora]], [[spongy urethra]], [[perineal raphe]], [[penis]] |
MeshName = |
MeshNumber = |
DorlandsPre = f_11 |
DorlandsSuf = 12371558 |
}}
The '''urogenital folds''' (or '''urogenital ridges''', or '''urethral folds''') are an [[embryology|embryological]] structure which give rise to a portion of the external [[genitalia]].
==Differentiation==
It differentiates into two structures: <ref name="isbn0-914168-99-1">{{cite book |author=Netter, Frank H.; Cochard, Larry R. |title=Netter's Atlas of human embryology |publisher=Icon Learning Systems |location=Teterboro, N.J |year=2002 |pages=158 |isbn=0-914168-99-1 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref>
* [[gonadal ridge]] -- medial -- primarily [[reproductive system]]
* [[nephrogenic cord]] -- lateral -- primarily [[urinary system]]
==Derivatives==
* In the ''female'', the urogenital folds become the [[labia minora]]. In contrast, the [[labia majora]] are formed by the [[labioscrotal folds]] <ref>[http://www.hsc.unt.edu/tcom2006/Scribes/REPRO%201%20SCRIBES/Repro23-MaleFemaleEmbryo2.doc HSC - Gonad Descent and Development of External Genitalia II]</ref>
* In the ''male'', they form the [[spongy urethra]] and a portion of the shaft of the [[penis]], not including the [[Glans penis|glans]].
==Pathology==
In the male, failure of the urogenital folds to fuse during development leads to a condition known as [[hypospadias]].
==Obsolete meanings==
[[Image:Gray1106.png|thumb|300px|right| Section of the fold in the [[mesonephros]] of a chick embryo of the fourth day. This can also be called urogenital fold, but shouldn't be confused with the main meaning.]]
Less commonly, urogenital fold refers to the fold in the [[mesonephros]] which is the precursor of e.g. the [[suspensory ligament of the ovary]]<ref>[http://vanat.cvm.umn.edu/TFFlectPDFs/LectEmbGenitalSys.pdf The University of North Texas Health Science Center - Genital System, page 44]</ref>. This is the case in older versions of Gray's anatomy. See [[development of the urinary and reproductive organs]], particularly the "The Mesonephros, Müllerian Duct, and Genital Gland" section for this meaning.
== See also ==
* [[Fetal genitalia]]
==External links==
* [http://sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/embryology/ug/Reproductives/Normal/Male_external.html "Development of Male External Genitalia", at mcgill.ca]
* [http://sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/embryology/ug/Reproductives/Normal/Female_external.html "Development of Female External Genitalia", at mcgill.ca]
* {{eMedicineDictionary|Urogenital+folds}}
==References==
<references/>
{{Development of urinary and reproductive systems}}
[[Category:Embryology]]
{{developmental-biology-stub}}