Urticaceae
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{{Taxobox
| name = Nettle family
| image = Urtica-dioica(Blueten).jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = ''[[Urtica dioica]]'' (Stinging nettle)
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Rosales]]
| familia = '''Urticaceae'''
| familia_authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]], 1789
| subdivision_ranks = Subfamilies
| subdivision =
| synonyms =
''Cecropiaceae'' <small>C. C. Berg</small><ref name="GRIN">{{cite web
| url = http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?1165
| title = Family: ''Urticaceae'' Juss., nom. cons.
| accessdate = 2008-04-24
| author = Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)
| authorlink = Germplasm Resources Information Network
| date = 2003-01-17
| format = HTML
| work = Taxonomy for Plants
| publisher = [[United States Department of Agriculture|USDA]], [[Agricultural Research Service|ARS]], National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
}}</ref>
}}
'''Urticaceae''', or the nettle family, is a [[family (biology)|family]] of [[flowering plant]]s. The family name comes from the genus ''[[Urtica]]'' (nettles). Urticaceae includes a number of well-known, interesting and useful plants, including genus ''[[Urtica]]'' (nettles), ''[[Boehmeria nivea]]'' (ramie), ''[[Pipturus albidus]]'' (mamaki), and ''[[Debregeasia saeneb]]'' ([[ajlai]]).
The family counts more or less 2600 species, grouped into 54 to 79 genera, according to the database of the [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]]. The largest genera are ''[[Pilea]]'' (500 to 715 species), ''[[Elatostema]]'' (300 species), ''[[Urtica]]'' (80 species), and ''[[Cecropia]]'' (75 species).
Urticaceae can be found worldwide, apart from the polar regions.
== Taxonomy ==
[[Angiosperm Phylogeny Group|APG II system]] puts Urticaceae in order Rosales, while older system consider it part of [[Urticales]], along with [[Ulmaceae]], [[Moraceae]] and [[Cannabaceae]]. APG still considers "old" Urticales a monophyletic group, but does not recognise it as an order on its own.
== Description ==
[[Image:Urtica flowerdiagram.png|thumb|Male and female flower of ''Urtica''|left]]
Urticaceae can be shrubs (e.g. ''Pilea''), lianas, herbs (e.g. ''Urtica''. ''Parietaria''), or, rarely, trees (e.g. ''Dendrocnide'', ''Cecropia'').
'''[[Leaves]]''' are usually entire and bear [[stipule]]s. Urticating hairs are often present.
Urticaceae have usually unisexual '''flowers''' and can be both [[plant sexuality|monoecious]] or [[plant sexuality|dioecious]]. They are [[anemophyly|pollinated by the wind]]. Most disperse their [[pollen]] when the [[stamen]]s are mature and their filaments straighten explosively: a peculiar and conspicuously specialised mechanism.
== Genera ==
{|
|- valign=top
|
*''[[Aboriella]]''
*''[[Achudemia]]''
*''[[Archiboehmeria]]''
*''[[Astrothalamus]]''
*''[[Australina]]''
*''[[Boehmeria]]''
*''[[Cecropia]]''
*''[[Chamabainia]]''
*''[[Coussapoa]]''
*''[[Cypholophus]]''
*''[[Debregeasia]]''
*''[[Dendrocnide]]''
*''[[Didymodoxa]]''
*''[[Discocnide]]''
*''[[Droguetia]]''
*''[[Elatostema]]''
|
*''[[Forsskaolea]]''
*''[[Gesnouinia]]''
*''[[Gibbsia]]''
*''[[Girardinia]]''
*''[[Laportea]]''
*''[[Lecanthus]]''
*''[[Leucosyke]]''
*''[[Maoutia]]''
*''[[Meniscogyne]]''
*''[[Myriocarpa]]''
*''[[Nanocnide]]''
*''[[Neodistemon]]''
*''[[Neraudia]]''
*''[[Nothocnide]]''
*''[[Obetia]]''
*''[[Oreocnide]]''
|
*''[[Parietaria]]''
*''[[Pellionia]]''
*''[[Petelotiella]]''
*''[[Phenax]]''
*''[[Pilea]]''
*''[[Pipturus]]''
*''[[Poulzolzia]]''
*''[[Procris (genus)|Procris]]''
*''[[Rousselia]]''
*''[[Sarcochlamys]]''
*''[[Sarcopilea]]''
*''[[Soleirolia]]''
*''[[Touchardia]]''
*''[[Urera]]''
*''[[Urtica]]'' - nettle
|}
== Image gallery ==
<gallery>
Image:PileaCadierei.jpg|''Pilea cadierei''
Image:Pilea pumila2.JPG|''Pilea pumila''
Image:Poisonivy1.jpg|''Dendrocnide sp.''
Image:Elatostema umbellatum 2006.04.19 06.17.14-p4190208.jpg|''Elatostema umbellatum''
Image:Brennnessel 1.JPG|''Urtica dioica''
Image:Boehmeria nivea 1.jpg|''Boehmeria nivea''
Image:Parietaria judaica 000.jpg|''Parietaria judaica'', flowers
Image:Nettle.jpg|''Urtica dioica'', stinging hairs
</gallery>
== References ==
{{commonscat}}
{{reflist}}
* Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 7, May 2006 [and more or less continuously updated since]. [http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/]
* {{it}} Sandro Pignatti, Flora d'Italia, Edagricole, Bologna 1982. ISBN 8850624492
[[Category:Plant families]]
[[Category:Rosales]]
[[bg:Копривови]]
[[cs:Kopřivovité]]
[[da:Nælde-familien]]
[[de:Brennnesselgewächse]]
[[es:Urticaceae]]
[[eo:Urtikacoj]]
[[fr:Urticaceae]]
[[it:Urticaceae]]
[[lt:Dilgėliniai]]
[[hu:Csalánfélék]]
[[nl:Brandnetelfamilie]]
[[ja:イラクサ科]]
[[no:Neslefamilien]]
[[pl:Pokrzywowate]]
[[pt:Urticaceae]]
[[qu:Kisa yura rikch'aq ayllu]]
[[ru:Крапивные]]
[[fi:Nokkoskasvit]]
[[zh:荨麻科]]