Victor Babeş
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[[Image:Victor Babes.jpg|thumb|right|Victor Babeş]]
'''Victor Babeş''' ([[July 4]], [[1854]] – [[October 19]], [[1926]]) was a [[Romania]]n physician, [[Biology|biologist]], and one of the earliest [[Microbiology|bacteriologists]]. He made early and significant contributions to the study of [[rabies]], [[leprosy]], [[diphtheria]], [[tuberculosis]], and other [[infectious disease]]s.
The [[Babeş-Bolyai University]] in [[Cluj-Napoca]] and the [[University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes" Timisoara]] bears his name.
==Biography==
Born in [[Vienna]] (at the time, the capital of the [[Austrian Empire]]) to an [[Romanians|ethnic Romanian]] family from the [[Banat]], he studied in [[Budapest]], then in Vienna, where he received his [[doctorate]] in Science. Attracted by the discoveries of [[Louis Pasteur]], he left for [[Paris]], and worked first in Pasteur's laboratory, and then with [[Victor André Cornil]].
In [[1885]] he discovered a [[Parasitism|parasitic]] [[Apicomplexa|sporozoan]] of the [[tick]]s, named ''[[Babesia]]'' (of the [[genus]] ''[[Babesiidae]]''), and which causes a rare and severe disease called ''[[babesiosis]]''. In the same year, he published the first treaty of [[bacteriology]] in the world, ''Bacteria and their role in the histopathology of infectious diseases'', which he co-authored with Cornil.
Babeş' scientific endeavours were wide-ranging. He was the first to demonstrate the presence of tuberculous [[bacilli]] in the [[urine]] of infected patients. He also discovered [[Cell (biology)|cellular]] [[Inclusion bodies|inclusions]] in rabies-infected [[Neuron|nerve cells]]. Of diagnostic value, they were to be named after him (''Babeş-Negri bodies'').
Babeş was one of the founders of serum therapy, and was the first to introduce rabies [[vaccination]] to Romania. His work also had a strong influence upon [[veterinary medicine]], especially concerning prophylaxis and [[Serous fluid|serum]] [[medication]].
He became a professor of Pathology and Bacteriology at the [[Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy]] in [[Bucharest]]. He was also a member of the [[Romanian Academy]] (in 1893), of the [[Paris]] ''[[Académie Nationale de Médecine]]'', and an officer of the [[France|French]] [[Légion d'honneur]].
His nephew, [[Aurel Babeş]], was also a physician, who discovered a screening test for [[cervical cancer]].
==Eponyms==
*''Babeş-Ernst bodies'': metachromatic inclusions in the [[cytoplasm]] of gram-positive [[bacteria]] such as [[diphtheria]]
*''Babeş-Negri bodies'': inclusions in rabies-infected nervous cells
*''Babesia'': parasites of the genus ''Hemosporidiae''
==Selected published works==
*''Über Poliomyelitis anterior'', 1877
*''Ueber die selbständige combinirte Seiten- und Hinterstrangsclerose des Rückenmarks'', [Virchows] ''Archiv für pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für klinische Medicin'', Berlin, 1876
*''Ueber einen im menschlichen Peritoneum gefundenen Nematoden'', [Virchows] ''Archiv für pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für klinische Medicin, Berlin'', volume LXXXI
*''Studien über Safraninfärbung'', 1881
*''Bakterien des rothen Schweisses'', 1881
*''Eine experimentelle Studie über den Einfluss des Nervensystems auf die pathologischen Veränderungen der Haut'', with [[Arthur von Irsay]], ''Vierteljahresschrift für Dermatologie''
*''Les bactéries et leur rôle dans l’anatomie et l’histologie pathologiques des maladies infectieuses'', Written with [[Victor André Cornil]], 1 volume and Atlas, Paris, F. Alcan, 1885
*''Über isoliert färbbare Antheile von Bakterien'', Zeitschrift für Hygiene, Leipzig, 1889, 5: 173-190
*''Observations sur la morve'', ''Archives de médecine experimentale et d’anatomie pathologique'', 1891, 3:619-645
*''Atlas der pathologischen Histologie des Nervensystems'', with [[Gheorghe Marinescu|Georges Marinesco]] and [[Paul Oscar Blocq]], Berlin, Hirschwald, 1892
*''Untersuchungen über Koch's Kommabacillus'', [Virchows] ''Archiv für pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für klinische Medicin'', Berlin
*''Untersuchungen über den Leprabazillus und über die Histologie der Lepra'', Berlin, 1898
*''Beobachtungen über Riesenzellen'', Stuttgart, 1905
*''Über die Notwendigkeit der AbVerfahrens der Wutbehandlungänderung des Pasteur'schen'', ''Zeitschrift für Hygiene und Infektionskrankheiten'', Leipzig, 1908, 58:401-412.
[[Category:1854 births|Babes, Victor]]
[[Category:1926 deaths|Babes, Victor]]
[[Category:Légion d'honneur recipients|Babes, Victor]]
[[Category:People from Vienna|Babes, Victor]]
[[Category:Parasitologists|Babes, Victor]]
[[Category:Romanian academics|Babes, Victor]]
[[Category:Romanian Academy|Babes, Victor]]
[[Category:Romanian Austro-Hungarians|Babes, Victor]]
[[Category:Romanian biologists|Babes, Victor]]
[[Category:Romanian physicians|Babes, Victor]]
[[Category:Romanian writers in French|Babes, Victor]]
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