Vinyl
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[[Image:Vinyl.png|thumb|100px|right|Chemical structure of the vinyl functional group.]]
A '''vinyl''' compound is any [[organic compound]] that contains a '''vinyl group''' (also called '''ethenyl'''), −[[Carbon|C]][[Hydrogen|H]][[Covalent bond|=]]CH<sub>2</sub>. These are derivatives of [[ethylene]], CH<sub>2</sub>=CH<sub>2</sub>, with one [[hydrogen]] atom substituted with some other group.
A related phrase is '''vinylidene''' which stands for a double-bonded two-carbon residue with two rather than one substituents, for instance in [[1,1-dichloroethene]] ("vinylidene chloride").
The vinyl group forms part of the [[allyl]] group and is also contained in all [[acrylate]]s. Many [[alkene]]s contain a vinyl group.
The vinyl group can be made to [[polymerization|polymerize]], forming [[vinyl polymer]]s. In these polymers, the double bonds of the vinyl [[monomer]]s turn into single bonds and the different monomers are joined by single bonds. This is an instance of [[addition polymerization]]. There are no vinyl groups in the resulting polymer. It is also important to ascertain the absence of unreacted vinyl monomer in the final product when the monomer is toxic or reduces the performance of the plastic.
==Polymers==
:''Main article: [[Vinyl polymer]]''
* [[Polyvinyl chloride]] (PVC) is made by [[polymerization]] of the [[monomer]] [[vinyl chloride]] (chloroethene) CH<sub>2</sub>=CHCl
* [[Polyvinyl acetate]] (PVAc) is made by polymerization of [[vinyl acetate]]. In a water suspension, this is used as a glue.
* [[Polyvinyl alcohol]] (PVA) is produced by [[hydrolysis]] of [[polyvinyl acetate]]. (Not by polymerization of the monomer vinyl alcohol or [[ethenol]], which is an unfavored keto-enol [[tautomer]] of [[acetaldehyde]].)
==Etymology==
The [[etymology]] of ''vinyl'' is the [[Latin]] ''vinum'' = "[[wine]]", because of its relationship with [[alcohol]] (in its original sense of [[Ethanol|ethyl alcohol]]).
[[Category:Functional groups]]
==External Links==
<!-- This is not an open ended list of campaign sites. When you add a link please use the edit summary to indicate what EXTRA information this site adds. -->
*[http://www.vinyl2010.org Vinyl 2010 The European PVC industry commitment to the Sustainable Development]
*[http://www.vinylfoundation.org The Vinyl Foundation, A Foundation for the Future]
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