Wellington
33804
225741954
2008-07-15T04:50:09Z
C.Fred
461300
Reverted edits by [[Special:Contributions/Bengamboni|Bengamboni]] ([[User talk:Bengamboni|talk]]) to last version by J.delanoy
{{Two other uses|the urban area in New Zealand|the local government area|Wellington City}}
{{Infobox Settlement
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<!-- Basic info ---------------->
|name = Wellington <!-- at least one of the first two fields must be filled in -->
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|native_name = Te Whanga-nui-a-Tara <small>([[Maori language|Maori]]</small><ref name=name1/>
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|settlement_type = [[Urban areas of New Zealand|main urban area]]
|total_type = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows -->
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|image_skyline = Wellington-banner.jpg
|imagesize = 300px
|image_caption = Wellington central business district
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|map_caption = Location of Wellington within New Zealand
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<!-- Location ------------------>
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = {{NZ}}
|subdivision_type1 = Region
|subdivision_name1 = [[Wellington Region|Wellington]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[Territorial authorities of New Zealand|Territorial authorities]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Wellington City]]<br />[[Lower Hutt|Lower Hutt City]]<br />[[Upper Hutt|Upper Hutt City]]<br />[[Porirua|Porirua City]]
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<!-- Politics ----------------->
|government_footnotes =
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|established_title = Settled by the UK
|established_date = 1839
|established_title1 = Became capital of New Zealand
|established_date1 = 1865
<!-- Area --------------------->
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<!-- Population ----------------------->
|population_as_of =2007<ref>[http://www.stats.govt.nz/products-and-services/info-releases/subnat-pop-est-info-releases.htm Statistics New Zealand subnational population estimates] for the Wellington Urban Area and its constituent urban zones</ref>
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<!-- General information --------------->
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<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->
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}}
'''Wellington''' ({{pronEng|ˈwælɪŋtən}}) is the [[capital]] of [[New Zealand]], the country's second largest [[Urban areas of New Zealand|urban area]], the most populous national capital in [[Oceania]] and the southern-most capital city in the world.<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/nz.html CIA - The World Factbook - New Zealand<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> It is in the [[Wellington Region|Wellington]] region at the southern tip of the [[North Island]], near the geographical centre of the country.
Wellington's urban area is constrained by mountainous terrain and stretches north from the central city along two corridors, the [[Porirua|Porirua]] Basin and the [[Hutt_Valley|Hutt Valley]]. The combined area and adjacent rural area is administered by four city councils. [[Wellington Region]] is a larger administrative area that includes the [[Kapiti_coast|Kapiti Coast]] to the north and the area known as the [[Wairarapa]] across the [[Rimutaka Range]] to the east.
==Name==
[[Image:Cable Car (NZ).jpg|thumb||200px|Wellington [[Harbour]] & [[Cable Car]] (view from Kelburn)]]
Wellington was named in honour of [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington|Arthur Wellesley]], the first [[Duke of Wellington]] and victor of the [[Battle of Waterloo]]. The Duke's title comes from the town of [[Wellington, Somerset|Wellington]] in the [[Counties of England|English county]] of [[Somerset]].
In [[Māori language|Māori]], Wellington goes by three names. '''Te Whanga-nui-a-Tara''' refers to [[Wellington Harbour]] and means "the great harbour of Tara".<ref name=name1>{{cite web|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/NewZealanders/MaoriNewZealanders/TeAtiAwaWellington/mi|title=Te Āti Awa ki Te Whanganui-a-Tara|publisher=[[Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand]]|language=[[Māori]]}}, orthographic conventions sourced from {{cite web|url=http://www.tetaurawhiri.govt.nz/english/pub_e/conventions2.shtml|title=Māori Language Commission}}</ref> '''Pōneke''' is a transliteration of ''Port Nick'', short for ''Port Nicholson'' (the city's central [[marae]], the community supporting it and its [[kapa haka]] have the pseudo-tribal name of '''[[Ngāti Poneke|Ngāti Pōneke]]''').<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.doc.govt.nz/templates/placeprofilesummary.aspx?id=35015|title=Poneke|publisher=[[New Zealand Department of Conservation]]}}</ref> '''Te Upoko-o-te-Ika-a-Māui''', meaning ''The Head of the Fish of Māui'' (often shortened to '''Te Upoko-o-te-Ika'''), a traditional name for the southernmost part of the North Island, derives from the legend of the fishing up of the island by the demigod [[Māui (Māori mythology)|Māui]].
Wellington also goes by a number of nicknames including ''The Harbour Capital'', ''[[Wellywood]]'' and (now rarely) the ''Windy City'' .
==Importance==
Wellington is New Zealand's [[New_Zealand_Politics|political]] centre, housing [[New_Zealand_Parliament|Parliament]] and the head offices of all [[New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives|Government]] [[State_sector_organisations_in_New_Zealand|Ministries and Departments]], plus the bulk of the foreign [[List of diplomatic posts in New Zealand|diplomatic missions]] based in New Zealand.
Wellington's compact city centre supports an arts scene, café culture and nightlife much larger than most cities of a similar size. It is a centre of New Zealand's film and theatre industry. [[Te Papa Tongarewa]] (the Museum of New Zealand), the [[New_Zealand_Symphony_Orchestra|New Zealand Symphony Orchestra]], the [[Royal_New_Zealand_Ballet|Royal New Zealand Ballet]] and the biennial New Zealand International Arts Festival are all sited there.
Wellington has the 12th best [[Quality of life|quality of living]] in the world, according to [[List of cities by quality of living|a 2007 study]] by consulting company Mercer. Of cities with English as the primary language, Wellington ranked fourth.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mercer.com/referencecontent.jhtml?idContent=1128060|title=Mercer 2007 World-wide quality of living survey}}</ref> Only Auckland of New Zealand cities rated higher as it was ranked fifth in the world in 2006 and 2007.
==Settlement==
{{see also|New Zealand Company}}
Legend recounts that [[Kupe]] discovered and explored the district in about the [[tenth century]].
[[Europe]]an settlement began with the arrival of an advance party of the [[New Zealand Company]] on the ship ''Tory'', on [[20 September]] [[1839]], followed by 150 settlers on the ''Aurora'' on [[22 January]] [[1840]]. The settlers constructed their first homes at [[Petone]] (which they called Britannia for a time) on the flat area at the mouth of the [[Hutt River, New Zealand|Hutt River]]. When that proved swampy and flood-prone they transplanted the plans, which had been drawn without regard for the hilly terrain.
==Earthquakes==
{{see also|Earthquakes in New Zealand}}
Wellington suffered serious damage in a series of [[earthquake]]s in [[Timeline of New Zealand history#1840s|1848]]<ref>[http://www.teara.govt.nz/EarthSeaAndSky/NaturalHazardsAndDisasters/HistoricEarthquakes/2/en The 1848 Marlborough earthquake - Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand]</ref> and from another earthquake in [[Timeline of New Zealand history#1850s|1855]]. The 1855 Wairarapa earthquake occurred on a [[fault line]] to the north and east of Wellington. It ranks as probably the most powerful earthquake in recorded [[History of New Zealand|New Zealand history]]<ref>[http://www.teara.govt.nz/EarthSeaAndSky/NaturalHazardsAndDisasters/HistoricEarthquakes/3/en The 1855 Wairarapa earthquake - Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand]</ref>, with an estimated magnitude of at least 8.2 on the [[Richter magnitude scale|Richter scale]]. It caused vertical movements of two to three metres over a large area, including raising an area of land out of the harbour and turning it into a tidal swamp. Much of this land was subsequently reclaimed and is now part of Wellington's [[central business district]]. For this reason the street named [[Lambton Quay, Wellington|Lambton Quay]] now runs 100 to 200 metres (325 to 650 ft) from the harbour. Plaques set into the footpath along Lambton Quay mark the shoreline in [[Timeline of New Zealand history#1840s|1840]] and thus indicate the extent of the uplift and of subsequent reclamation.
The area has high seismic activity even by New Zealand standards, with a major fault line running through the centre of the city, and several others nearby. Several hundred more minor fault lines have been identified within the urban area. The inhabitants, particularly those in [[high-rise]] buildings, typically notice several [[earthquake]]s every year. For many years after the 1855 earthquake, the majority of buildings constructed in Wellington were made entirely from wood. The 1996-restored [[Government_Buildings_%28Wellington%2C_New_Zealand%29|Government Buildings]],<ref>[http://www.historic.org.nz/Register/ListingDetail.asp?RID=37&sm= Historic Places Trust]</ref> near Parliament is the largest wooden [[Office|office building]] in the [[Southern Hemisphere]]. While masonry and [[structural steel]] have subsequently been used in [[Construction|building construction]], especially for office buildings, [[timber framing]] remains the primary structural component of almost all residential construction. Residents also place their hopes of survival in good [[Building Regulations|building regulations]], which gradually became more stringent in the course of the twentieth century.
==New Zealand's capital==
[[Image:NZParliamentbuildings.JPG|thumb|left|250px|[[New Zealand government]] "[[Beehive (building)|Beehive]]" and the [[New Zealand Parliament Buildings|Parliament Buildings]]]]
{{wrapper}}
|[[Image:SCONZ.jpg|thumb|250px|right|The historic former High Court building, future home of the [[Supreme Court of New Zealand]].]]
|-
|[[Image:New Zealand-Wellington-Old Government Buildings-Panorama.png|thumb|250px|right|360° panorama of the [[Government Buildings (Wellington, NZ)|old Government Buildings]].]]
|}
In [[Timeline of New Zealand history#1860s|1865]], Wellington became the capital of New Zealand, replacing [[Auckland]], where [[William Hobson]] had established his capital in [[Timeline of New Zealand history#1840s|1841]]. Parliament first sat in Wellington on [[7 July]] [[1862]], but the city did not become the official capital for some time. In November 1863 the Premier [[Alfred Domett]] moved a resolution before Parliament (in Auckland) that "... it has become necessary that the [[seat of government]] ... should be transferred to some suitable locality in Cook Strait." Apparently there was concern that the southern regions, where the gold fields were located, would form a separate colony. Commissioners from Australia (chosen for their neutral status) pronounced the opinion that Wellington was suitable because of its harbour and central location. Parliament officially sat in Wellington for the first time on [[26 July]] [[1865]]. The population of Wellington was then 4,900.<ref>Phillip Temple: ''Wellington Yesterday''</ref>
Wellington is the seat of New Zealand's highest court, the [[Supreme Court of New Zealand]]. The historic former High Court building is to be enlarged and restored for the court's use.
[[Government House, Wellington|Government House]], the [[official residence]] of the [[Governor-General of New Zealand|Governor-General]], is in Newtown, opposite the [[Basin Reserve]].
==Location and geography==
[[Image:Wellington landsat labelled.jpg|thumb|right|270px|Satellite photo of the Wellington conurbation: (1) Wellington; (2) Lower Hutt; (3) Upper Hutt; (4) Porirua.]]
[[Image:WellingtonSuburbsMap.png|thumb|The suburbs of [[Wellington City]].]]
Wellington stands at the south-western tip of the [[North Island]] on [[Cook Strait]], the passage that separates the North and South Islands. On a clear day the snowcapped [[Kaikoura Ranges]] are visible to the south across the strait. To the north stretch the golden beaches of the [[Kapiti Coast]]. On the east the [[Rimutaka Range]] divides Wellington from the broad plains of the [[Wairarapa]], a [[List of wine-producing regions|wine region]] of national acclaim.
Wellington is the [[The World's most southern|southernmost national capital city in the world]], with a [[latitude]] of about 41°S. It is also the [[Extreme points of the World#Remoteness|most remote]] capital in the World (i.e. the furthest from any other capital). It is more densely populated than most other settlements in New Zealand, due to the small amount of building space available between the harbour and the surrounding hills. Wellington has very few suitable areas in which to expand and this has resulted in the development of the surrounding cities in the greater urban area. Because of its location in the [[Roaring Forties|roaring forties]] latitudes and its exposure to omnipresent winds coming through [[Cook Strait]], the city is known to [[Kiwi (people)|Kiwis]] as "Windy Wellington".
More than most cities, life in Wellington is dominated by its central business district (CBD). Approximately 62,000 people work in the CBD, only 4,000 fewer than work in [[Auckland]]'s CBD, despite that city having three times Wellington's population. Wellington's cultural and nightlife venues concentrate in [[Courtenay Place, Wellington|Courtenay Place]] and surroundings located in the southern part of the [[Central business district|CBD]], making the [[inner city]] suburb of [[Te Aro]] the largest entertainment destination in New Zealand.
Wellington has a median income well above the average in New Zealand<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.careers.govt.nz/life_wellington.html|title=Living in Wellington|publisher=Career Services|date=[[1 May]] [[2007]]}}</ref> and a much higher proportion of people with tertiary qualifications than the national average.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wellington.govt.nz/aboutwgtn/glance/census/occupation.html|title=Wellington Facts & Figures - Census Summaries - 2006 - Occupation & Qualifications|publisher=[[Statistics New Zealand]]}}</ref>
Wellington has a reputation for its picturesque [[Harbor|natural harbour]] and green hillsides adorned with tiered suburbs of colonial villas. The CBD is sited close to Lambton Harbour, an arm of [[Wellington Harbour]]. Wellington Harbour lies along an active [[geological fault]], which is clearly evident on its straight western coast. The land to the west of this rises abruptly, meaning that many of Wellington's suburbs sit high above the centre of the city.
There is a network of bush walks and reserves maintained by the [[Wellington City|Wellington City Council]] and local volunteers. The Wellington region has {{convert|500|km2|sqmi|-1}} of regional parks and forests.
In the east is the [[Miramar Peninsula]], connected to the rest of the city by a low-lying isthmus at Rongotai, the site of [[Wellington International Airport]]. The narrow entrance to Wellington is directly to the east of the Miramar Peninsula, and contains the dangerous shallows of [[Barrett Reef]], where many ships have been wrecked (most famously the inter-island ferry [[Wahine disaster|Wahine]] in [[Timeline of New Zealand history#1960s|1968]]).
On the hill west of the city centre are [[Victoria University of Wellington|Victoria University]] and [[Wellington Botanic Garden]]. Both can be reached by a [[funicular]] railway, the [[Wellington Cable Car]].
Wellington Harbour has three islands: [[Matiu/Somes Island]], [[Makaro/Ward Island]] and [[Mokopuna Island]]. Only Matiu/Somes Island is large enough for settlement. It has been used as a quarantine station for people and animals and as an [[Internment|internment camp]] during the First and [[World War II|Second World Wars]]. It is now a conservation island, providing refuge for [[endangered species]], much like [[Kapiti Island]] further up the coast. There is access during daylight hours by the [http://www.eastbywest.co.nz/ Dominion Post Ferry].
==Architecture==
[[Image:KMB.jpg|thumb|[[Katherine Mansfield Birthplace]] in [[Thorndon]]]]
Wellington contains a variety of architectural styles dating back from the past 150 years; from nineteenth century wooden cottages, such as the [[Katherine Mansfield Birthplace]] in Thorndon, some streamlined [[Art Deco]] structures such as the old [[Wellington Free Ambulance]] headquarters and the [[City Gallery Wellington|City Gallery]], and the curves and vibrant colours of post-modern architecture in the CBD.
The oldest building in Wellington is [[The Colonial Cottage Museum|the Colonial Cottage]] in Mount Cook <ref>http://www.colonialcottagemuseum.co.nz/home.html Colonial Cottage</ref>. The tallest building in the city is the [[Majestic Centre]] on Willis Street at 116 metres high<ref name="skyscrapercityarchive">[http://skyscrapercity.com/archive/index.php/t-121304.html SkyScraper City archive] (accessed [[September 22]], [[2006]])</ref>, the second tallest being the [[structural expressionist]] [[BNZ Tower]] at 103 metres <ref>http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=stateinsurancetower-wellington-newzealand Emporis.com</ref>. [[Futuna Chapel]] is located in [[Karori]], was the first bicultural building in New Zealand, and is thus considered one of the most significant New Zealand buildings of the twentieth century.
[[Image:6748146 2ef44fc6d2 o.jpg|thumb|175px|left|The bucket fountain]]
[[Old St. Paul's, Wellington|Old Saint Paul's]] is an example of 19th-century [[Gothic Revival architecture]] adapted to colonial conditions and materials, as is [[St Mary of the Angels (Wellington)|Saint Mary of the Angels]]. The [[Museum of Wellington City & Sea]] building, the [[Wellington Harbour Board Head Office and Bond Store|Bond Store]] is in the Second French Empire style, and the [[Wellington Harbour Board Wharf Office Building]] is in a late English Classical style. There are several restored theatre buildings, the [[St. James Theatre (Wellington)|St. James Theatre]], the [[Opera House (Wellington)|Opera House]] and the [[Embassy Theatre]].
[[Civic Square, Wellington|Civic Square]] is surrounded by the [[Wellington Town Hall|Town Hall]] and council offices, the [[Michael Fowler Centre]], the [[Wellington City Libraries#Wellington_Central_Library|Wellington Central Library]] and the [[City Gallery Wellington|City Gallery]].
Being the capital, there are many memorable government buildings in Wellington. Both the [[National Library of New Zealand]], located on Molesworth Street, and the Te Puni Kōkiri building on [[Lambton Quay, Wellington|Lambton Quay]] are aesthetically unique <!--but I can't find any information yet about the buildings' histories -->. The circular-conical Executive Wing of [[New Zealand Parliament Buildings]], located on the corner of Lambton Quay and Molesworth Street, was constructed in the mid-60s and is commonly referred to as [[Beehive (building)|the Beehive]]. Across the road from the Beehive is the largest wooden building in the [[Southern Hemisphere]]<ref>http://www.doc.govt.nz/templates/page.aspx?id=34143 Department of Conservation</ref>, part of the [[Government Buildings (Wellington, NZ)|old Government Buildings]] which now houses part of [[Victoria University of Wellington]]'s Law Faculty. The [[Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa]] is located on the waterfront.
As tastes and trends in architecture have come into and fallen out of fashion, many memorable buildings have been lost.
Wellington also contains many iconic sulptures and structures. [[Elijah Wood]] mentioned that he urinated from the [[the Bucket Fountain|Bucket Fountain]] in [[Cuba Street]] in an interview with [[Jay Leno]]<ref>http://tbhl.theonering.net/tbhlnews/news-archive-12-2003.html The Bastards have Landed: The Peter Jackson Fanclub</ref>.
==Climate==
The city averages 2025 hours (or about 169 days) of sunshine per year.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.niwascience.co.nz/edu/resources/climate/sunshine/
| title = Mean Monthly Sunshine (hours)
| publisher = [[National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research]]}}</ref>
<center>
<!--Infobox begins-->{{Infobox Weather
|metric_first= Yes
|location = Wellington, New Zealand
|Jan_Hi_°C = 20.3
|Feb_Hi_°C = 20.6
|Mar_Hi_°C = 19
|Apr_Hi_°C = 16.7
|May_Hi_°C = 14.2
|Jun_Hi_°C = 12
|Jul_Hi_°C = 11.4
|Aug_Hi_°C = 12
|Sep_Hi_°C = 13.5
|Oct_Hi_°C = 15
|Nov_Hi_°C = 16.6
|Dec_Hi_°C = 18.5
|Year_Hi_°C = 15.8
|Jan_Lo_°C = 13.4
|Feb_Lo_°C = 13.6
|Mar_Lo_°C = 12.6
|Apr_Lo_°C = 10.9
|May_Lo_°C = 8.8
|Jun_Lo_°C = 6.9
|Jul_Lo_°C = 6.3
|Aug_Lo_°C = 6.5
|Sep_Lo_°C = 7.7
|Oct_Lo_°C = 9
|Nov_Lo_°C = 10.3
|Dec_Lo_°C = 12.2
|Year_Lo_°C = 9.9
|Jan_Precip_cm = |Jan_Precip_mm = 72
|Feb_Precip_cm = |Feb_Precip_mm = 62
|Mar_Precip_cm = |Mar_Precip_mm = 92
|Apr_Precip_cm = |Apr_Precip_mm = 100
|May_Precip_cm = |May_Precip_mm = 117
|Jun_Precip_cm = |Jun_Precip_mm = 147
|Jul_Precip_cm = |Jul_Precip_mm = 136
|Aug_Precip_cm = |Aug_Precip_mm = 123
|Sep_Precip_cm = |Sep_Precip_mm = 100
|Oct_Precip_cm = |Oct_Precip_mm = 115
|Nov_Precip_cm = |Nov_Precip_mm = 99
|Dec_Precip_cm = |Dec_Precip_mm = 86
|Year_Precip_cm = |Year_Precip_mm = 1249
|source = NIWA<ref name="climate">{{cite web
| url = http://www.niwascience.co.nz/edu/resources/climate/
| title = NIWA Climate Data 1971-2000
| publisher = | language = English}}</ref>|accessdate =Oct 2007}}<!--Infobox ends-->
</center>
== Energy ==
The energy needs of Wellington are increasing, and one new source is the wind. Project West Wind was granted resource consent for 66 turbines, which is estimated to generate approximately 140MW<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tvnz.co.nz/view/page/411415/642358|title=Makara Wind Farm}}</ref>
. Meridian Energy's Project West Wind is located a few kilometres west of Wellington's CBD, located on Meridian's Quartz Hill and [[Terawhiti Station]].
==Demographics==
The urban area of Wellington stretches across the city council areas of Porirua, Upper Hutt, Lower Hutt and Wellington. [[As of 2007]], the four cities had an estimated total population of 382,700 and the Wellington Urban Area contained 99% of that population. The remaining areas are largely mountainous and sparsely farmed or parkland and are outside the urban area boundary.
Demographic statistics from the 2006 census are not readily available for the Wellington Urban Area, so the following demographic statistics detailed in this section are for the four city council areas:
===Age distribution===
{|
!Area||Under 20||20–39||40–59||60–79|||80 and over
|-
|Wellington City||25%||37%||26%||10%||2%
|-
|Lower Hutt City||30%||27%||27%||12%||3%
|-
|Upper Hutt City||30%||25%||28%||14%||3%
|-
|Porirua City||34%|||27%||26%||10%||1%
|-
|Four cities||28%||32%||27%||11%||2%
|-
|New Zealand||29%||27%||27%||14%||3%
|}
The relative lack of older people in Wellington is less marked when the neighbouring Kapiti Coast District is included. Nearly 7% of Kapiti Coast residents are over 80. Overall, Wellington's age structure closely matches the national distribution.
==Arts and culture==
===Film===
Wellington is the centre of the nation's film industry. [[Peter Jackson]] famous for ''[[The Lord of the Rings film trilogy|The Lord of the Rings]]'', [[Richard Taylor (movies)|Richard Taylor]], and a growing team of creative professionals have turned the eastern suburb of [[Miramar, New Zealand|Miramar]] into one of the world's most acclaimed [[Filmmaking|film-making]] infrastructures. Directors like [[Jane Campion]] and [[Vincent Ward]] have managed to reach the world's screens with their independent spirit. Emerging Kiwi film-makers, like [[Robert Sarkies]], [[Taika Waititi]], [[Costa Botes]] and Jennifer Bush-Daumec [http://www.bushcraft.co.nz], are extending the Wellington-based lineage and cinematic scope.
===Museums and cultural institutions===
[[Image:Wellington Te Papa n.jpg|thumb|250px|right|[[Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa|Te Papa]] ("Our Place"), the Museum of New Zealand.]]
Wellington is home to [[Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa|Te Papa Tongarewa]] (the Museum of New Zealand), the [[Museum of Wellington City & Sea]], the [[Katherine Mansfield Birthplace|Katherine Mansfield Birthplace Museum]], [[Colonial Cottage]], the [[New Zealand Cricket]] Museum, the Cable Car Museum, [[Old St. Paul's, Wellington|Old Saint Paul's]], and the Wellington Law school (largest wooden building in the southern hemisphere) and the [[City Gallery Wellington|Wellington City Art Gallery]].
===Food===
Wellington's [[Coffeehouse|cafe culture]] is extremely strong. The city has more cafes per head of population than New York.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.careers.govt.nz/default.aspx?id0=19906&id1=wellington|title=Living and working in Wellington}}</ref>
===Festivals===
Wellington has become home to a myriad of high-profile events and cultural celebrations, including the biennial New Zealand International Arts Festival, annual International Jazz Festival, and major events such as [[Cuba Street Carnival]], New Zealand Fringe Festival, [[New Zealand International Comedy Festival]] (also hosted in Auckland), Summer City, The Wellington Folk Festival (in Wainuiomata), New Zealand Affordable Art Show, [[Out_In_The_Square|Out in the Square]], numerous [[film festival]]s, and World of [[Wearable Art]].
===Music===
The local music scene has, over the years produced bands such as [[The Warratahs]], [[The Phoenix Foundation (band)|The Phoenix Foundation]], [[Shihad]], [[Fly My Pretties]], [[Fat Freddy's Drop]], [[The Black Seeds]], [[Fur Patrol]], [[Flight Of The Conchords]] and [[Connan and the Mockasins]]. The New Zealand [[College or university school of music|School of Music]] was established in 2005 through a merger of the conservatory and theory programmes at [[Massey University]] and [[Victoria University of Wellington]]. [[New Zealand Symphony Orchestra]], [[Nevine String Quartet]] and [[Chamber music|Chamber Music]] New Zealand are based in Wellington.
===Performing arts===
Wellington is home to the National Opera Company, [http://www.citygallery.org.nz City Gallery], the [[Royal New Zealand Ballet]], [[St. James Theatre (Wellington)|St James' Theatre]], [[Downstage Theatre]], [[Bats Theatre]], the Arts Foundation of New Zealand and the New Zealand International Arts Festival, the Wellington Performing Arts Centre is also an important local source for theatre.
Wellington is also home to groups that perform Improvised Theatre and [[Improvisational comedy]], including [[Wellington Improvisation Troupe]] (WIT), The Improvisors and youth group, Joe Improv. Poet [[Bill Manhire]], director of the International Institute of Modern Letters, has turned the [[Creative writing|Creative Writing]] Programme at [[Victoria University of Wellington]] into a forge of new literary activity. [[Te Whaea]], New Zealand's university-level school of dance and drama, and tertiary institutions such as The Learning Connexion, offer training and creative development.
===Arts===
[[Image:Art Ferns & Civic Square.JPG|thumb||right|200px|Art Ferns & Civic Square, Wellington]]
From 1936 Wellington was home to the [[National Art Gallery of New Zealand]] up until 1992 when it was amalgamated into [[Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa]]. Wellington is also home to the [[New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts]]. The city's new [[arts centre]], [[Wellington Arts Centre|Toi Poneke]], serves as a nexus of creative projects, collaborations, and multi-disciplinary production. Arts Programmes and Services Manager Eric Vaughn Holowacz and a small team based in the Abel Smith Street facility have produced ambitious new initiatives such as [[Opening Notes]], [[Drive by Art]], the annual [[Artsplash Festival]], and new [[public art]] projects. The city is also home to experimental arts publication [[White Fungus Magazine]].
{{-}}
==Sport==
[[Image:Westpac Trust stadium viewed from Wadestown.jpg|thumb||right|200px|Westpac Stadium]]
Wellington is the home to:
* The [[Hurricanes (Super rugby franchise)|Hurricanes]] - [[Super 14]] rugby team representing the Lower North Island, primarily based in Wellington
* [[Wellington Rugby Football Union|Wellington Lions]] - [[Air New Zealand Cup]] rugby team
* [[Wellington Phoenix FC]] - [[Association football]] club playing in the [[Australian]] [[A-League]]
* [[Team Wellington]] - Wellington's franchise in the [[New Zealand Football Championship]]
* [[Central Pulse]] - [[netball]] franchise representing the Lower North Island in the [[ANZ Championship]], primarily based in Wellington
* [[Wellington Firebirds]] and Wellington Blaze - men's and women's [[cricket]] teams
* [[Wellington Saints]] - The [[National Basketball League (New Zealand)|National Basketball League]] [[basketball]] team
Sporting events hosted in Wellington include:
* the [[Wellington Sevens]] - a round of the [[International Rugby Board|IRB]] [[IRB Sevens World Series|Sevens World Series]]. Held at the [[Westpac Stadium]] over a weekend every February, this [[rugby sevens]] tournament contributes $6.8 million to the local economy each year.
* the World [[Fell running|Mountain Running]] Championships in 2005.
* a [[Wellington 500]] [[Street racing|street race]] for [[touring car racing|touring cars]], between 1985 and 1996
==Gallery==
[[Image:Wellington City Night.jpg|thumb|800px|centre|Night panorama of the city centre taken from Mt. Victoria.]]
[[Image:WellingtonPano.jpg|thumb|800px|centre|Panorama from [[Victoria University of Wellington]], Kelburn.]]
==Notable Wellingtonians==
''{{smaller|(Alphabetically by surname)}}''
* [[Ivan Bootham]] - novelist, [[short story]] writer, poet and composer
* [[John Campbell (broadcaster)|John Campbell]] - broadcaster and news journalist
* [[Jane Campion]] - [[Academy Awards|Oscar]] winning [[Film director|film-maker]]
* [[Jemaine Clement]] - musician, member of [[Flight of the Conchords]]
* [[Robin Cooke, Baron Cooke of Thorndon]] (dec) - barrister and jurist
* [[Russell Crowe]] - [[Academy Awards|Oscar]]-winning actor
* [[Rod Drury]] - technology entrepreneur
* [[Lauris Edmond]] (dec) - poet
* [[Brooke Fraser]] - [[RIAA certification|multi-platinum]] selling singer
* [[Patricia Grace]] - writer
* [[Peter Jackson]] - [[Academy Awards|Oscar]]-winning film-maker
* [[Lloyd Jones (New Zealand author)|Lloyd Jones]] - award winning writer
* [[Raybon Kan]] - comedian
* [[Elizabeth Knox]] - celebrated author
* [[Ben Lummis]] - singer, 2004 [[New Zealand Idol]] winner
* [[Alan MacDiarmid]] (dec) - scientist
* [[Katherine Mansfield]] (dec) - writer
* [[Jack Marshall]] (dec) - former Prime Minister
* [[Bret McKenzie]] - musician, member of [[Flight of the Conchords]]
* [[Melissa Moon]] - two time world mountain running champion
* [[Sam Morgan (entrepreneur)|Sam Morgan]] - founder of online auction site ''TradeMe''
* [[Anna Paquin]] - [[Academy Awards|Oscar]]-winning actress
* [[William Hayward Pickering]] (dec) - electrical engineer, former head of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California
* [[Antonia Prebble]] - actress
* [[John Psathas]] - composer
* [[Christopher Pugsley]] - writer
* [[Wynton Rufer]] - footballer
* [[Jonathan Sarfati]] - [[chess master]] and author, raised in Wellington
* [[Tom Scott (cartoonist)|Tom Scott]] - cartoonist, [[Pundit (politics)|political commentator]]
* [[Richard Taylor (movies)|Richard Taylor]] - head of [[Theatrical property|film prop]] and [[special effect]]s company [[Weta Workshop]]. Multiple Oscar winner.
* [[Jon Toogood]] - singer and guitarist for the [[rock music|rock]] band [[Shihad]]
* [[Tana Umaga]] - former captain of the [[All Blacks]]
* [[Karl Urban]] - actor
* [[Rosita Vai]] - singer, 2005 [[New Zealand Idol]] winner
* [[Peter Vincent]] - entrepreneur, founder/CEO of [[Vincent Aviation]], NZ's only 100% Kiwi owned international airline
* [[Fran Walsh]] - [[Academy Awards|Oscar]]-winning screenwriter
==See also==
* [[Courtenay Place, Wellington|Courtenay Place]]
* [[Civic Square, Wellington|Civic Square]]
* [[Wellywood]]
* [[Public transport in Wellington]]
* [[The Bucket Fountain]]
* [[Cuba Street, Wellington|Cuba Street]]
* [[Lambton Quay]]
* [[Te Aro]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
{{commons|Wellington}}
* [http://www.gw.govt.nz Greater Wellington Regional Council]
* [http://www.wellingtonnz.com Official NZ Tourism website for Wellington]
* [http://www.wellington.govt.nz Wellington City Council]
* {{Wikitravel}}
{{New Zealand topics}}
{{coor title dms|41|17|20|S|174|46|38|E|type:city(370000)_region:NZ-WGN}}
{{Capital Connection train stops}}
{{The Overlander train stops}}
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[[Category:Wellington]]
[[Category:Wellington Region]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and communities in New Zealand]]
[[Category:Capitals in Oceania]]
[[Category:Coastal cities]]
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[[Category:Settlements established in 1840]]
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