Western Armenia
3492582
223116820
2008-07-02T17:22:58Z
Fedayee
1585801
rmv very old merge tag
:''This article is about the historical subregion in Eurasia. See [[Armenian Highland]] for the geographical region.''
'''Western Armenia''' ([[Western Armenian language|Western]] {{lang-hy|Արևմտյան Հայաստան ''Aremdjan Hajasdan''}}), also referred to as '''[[Byzantine Armenia]]''', later '''Turkish Armenia''', or '''Ottoman Armenia''' is a term coined following the division of [[Greater Armenia]] between [[Byzantine Empire]] (''Western Armenia'') and [[Persia]] (''Eastern Armenia'') in 387 AC <ref>[http://slovari.yandex.ru/dict/bse/article/00075/33200.htm?text=%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F Феодальный строй (Great Soviet Encyclopedia, in Russian)]</ref><ref>[http://slovari.yandex.ru/dict/monarchsancienteast/article/dre/dre-0218.htm?text=%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F Рыжов К. В. Все монархи мира: Древний Восток: [Справочник]. - М.: Вече, 2006 (in Russian)]</ref>.
==History==
After the death of Armenian king ''Arshak III'', in 390 AC, the Western Armenia was governed by Byzantine generals<ref>[[s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Mesrob]]</ref><ref>[http://slovari.yandex.ru/dict/monarchsancienteast/article/dre/dre-0218.htm?text=%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F Рыжов К. В. Все монархи мира: Древний Восток: [Справочник]. - М.: Вече, 2006 (in Russian)]</ref>. In the 7th century Western Armenia was one of the centers of ''Pavlikian'' [[Christianity|Christian]] popular [[sect]] <ref>[http://slovari.yandex.ru/dict/bse/article/00013/45000.htm?text=%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F Византия (Great Soviet Encyclopedia, in Russian)]</ref>. Since 9th century the most part of Western Armenia included [[Vaspurakan]] and [[Taron]] was under the rule of [[Bagratid dynasty of Armenia]]. Then the [[Zakarid Armenia]] of 13-14th centuries included some parts of Western Armenia.
After Turkish-Persian wars of 1602-1639 Western Armenia became part of [[Ottoman Empire]] <ref>[http://slovari.yandex.ru/dict/bse/article/00075/33200.htm?text=%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F Феодальный строй (Great Soviet Encyclopedia, in Russian)]</ref>. Since [[Russo-Turkish War, 1828-1829]] that term is referred to the [[Armenians|Armenian]]-populated historical regions of the Ottoman Empire that remained under [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] rule after the [[Eastern Armenia|eastern part]] was [[annexation|ceded]] to the [[Russian Empire]].
[[Image:Flag of Administration of Western Armenia.svg|thumb|right|150px|Flag of the [[Administration for Western Armenia]] (1915–1918).]]
Western (Ottoman) Armenia was composed of six [[vilayet]]s (''vilâyat-ı sitte''), the vilayets of [[Erzurum Province, Ottoman Empire|Erzurum]], [[Van Province, Ottoman Empire|Van]], [[Bitlis Province, Ottoman Empire|Bitlis]], [[Diyarbekir Province, Ottoman Empire|Diyarbekir]], [[Mamuret-el-Aziz Province, Ottoman Empire|Kharput]], and [[Sivas Province, Ottoman Empire|Sivas]].<ref>[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Armenia.html Armenia<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>After the collapse of [[Ottoman Empire]] Western Armenia remained under [[Turkey|Turkish]] rule, and in 1894–96 and 1915 Turkey perpetrated [[Armenian genocide|systematic massacres and forced deportations of Armenians]]<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9108699 Britannica Online: Armenia]</ref>. The [[Administration for Western Armenia]] (Free Vaspurakan) was a provisional Armenian government in areas of Western Armenia under [[Russian Empire|Russian]] occupation from 1915–1918.
After the [[Armenian genocide]] the distinct [[Western Armenian language|Western Armenian]]<ref>[http://slovari.yandex.ru/dict/litenc/article/le1/le1-2521.htm?text=%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F АРМЯНСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, «Литературная энциклопедия» (М., 1929-1939. Т. 1-11)]</ref> dialect of the [[Armenian language]] (recognized as one of the major dialects of Armenian[http://www.umd.umich.edu/dept/armenian/search/collections.html]) is spoken primarily in [[Istanbul]], [[Lebanon]], [[Egypt]], other parts of [[Armenian diaspora]], and formerly in eastern Turkey <ref>[http://www.lmp.ucla.edu/Profile.aspx?LangID=55&menu=004 UCLA Language materials Project page: Armenian]</ref>. It differs orthographically from [[Eastern Armenian]], there are also phonological differences. In some parts of the diaspora, the Armenian schools, such as [[L'École Arménienne Sourp Hagop]] and the [[Armenian Sisters Academy]] instruct Western Armenian to the students, instead of [[Eastern Armenian]], the official dialect of the [[Republic of Armenia]].
==Modern period==
[[Image:West Armenian flag.png|thumb|right|150px|Flag of the "Kingdom of West Armenia" political movement]]
The fate of Western Armenia — commonly referred to as "The Armenian Question" — is considered as a key issue in the modern history of the Armenian people<ref>[http://www.gomidas.org/books/kirakossian-preface.htm Arman J. Kirakossian, British Diplomacy and the Armenian Question, from the 1830s to 1914]</ref>. The first and second congresses of Western Armenians took place in [[Yerevan]] in 1917 and 1919. Since 2000, an organizing committee of congress of heirs of Western Armenians who survived the Armenian Genocide is active in diasporan communities <ref>[http://www.a1plus.am/en/?page=issue&iid=54602 WESTERN ARMENIANS ARE PREPARING, A1plus, 16 November, 2007]</ref>. The name "'''Kingdom of West Armenia'''" ([[Western Armenian language|Western]] {{lang-hy|Արեւմտեան Հայաստանի Արքայություն ''Arewmdean Hajasdani Ark‘ajowt‘jown''}}) is used by some in these communities to establish an Armenian claim to areas of Western Armenia now part of Turkey{{Fact|date=April 2008}}.
==Publications==
*Dr Arman Kirakosian, English Policy towards Western Armenia and Public Opinion in Great Britain (1890-1900), Yerevan, 1981, 26 p. (in Armenian and Russian).
==Links==
*[http://www.ourararat.com/eng/e_disappear.htm Disappearance of Western Armenia after World War 1]
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p2B3dqlkstQ Video: Provinces of Western Armenia]
==See Regions==
*[[Eastern Anatolia Region]]
*[[Geography of Armenia]]
*[[Eastern Armenia]]
*[[Armenian Highland]]
==See also==
*[[Kingdom of Armenia]]
*[[Wilsonian Armenia]]
*[[Armenians in the Ottoman Empire]]
*[[Administration for Western Armenia]]
*[[Russian Armenia]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:History of Armenia]]
[[fr:Arménie occidentale]]
[[hy:Արևմտյան Հայաստան]]
[[it:Armenia occidentale]]
[[ru:Западная Армения]]
[[simple:Western Armenia]]
[[sv:Västarmenien]]