Xylose 846761 217504738 2008-06-06T09:45:25Z 77.78.83.1 {{Chembox new | Name = '''Xylose''' | ImageFile = Xylose.png | ImageSize = 120px | ImageName = Xylose | IUPACName = Xylose | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | CASNo = D: 58-86-6<br />L: 609-06-3<br />DL: 41247-05-6 | SMILES = OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O }} | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | Formula = C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>5</sub> | MolarMass = 150.13 g/mol | MeltingPt = 144-145 °C }} }} '''Xylose''' or wood sugar is an [[aldopentose]] &mdash; a [[monosaccharide]] containing five [[carbon]] [[atom]]s and including an [[aldehyde]] [[functional group]]. It has [[chemical formula]] {{carbon}}<sub>5</sub>{{hydrogen}}<sub>10</sub>{{oxygen}}<sub>5</sub>. Xylose is found in the [[embryo]]s of most edible [[plant]]s. In animal medicine, xylose is used to test for [[malabsorption]] by administering to the patient in water after [[fasting]]. If xylose is detected in [[blood]] and/or [[urine]] within the next few hours, it has been absorbed by the intestines.<ref>[http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003606.htm MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: D-xylose absorption<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> After Xylose has been catalytically [[hydrogenation|hydrogenated]], it turns into a natural [[sugar substitute]] called [[Xylitol]]. This new sugar, along with Xylose itself, is a [[reducing sugar]]. Xylose is also the first saccharide added to the [[serine]] or [[threonine]] in the [[proteoglycan]] type [[O-glycosylation]] (and so it is the first saccharide in biosythetic pathways of most anionic [[polysaccharide]]s like [[heparan sulphate]], [[chondroitin sulphate]],...)<ref>Buskas T, Ingale S, Boons GJ, "Glycopeptides as versatile tool for glycobiology", Glycobiology, vol.16, no.8, pp. 113R-136R, 2006</ref> ==See also== * [[Xylose metabolism]] * [[Arabinose]] * [[Deoxyribose]] * [[Lyxose]] * [[Ribose]] * [[Ribulose]] * [[Xylulose]] ==References== <references/> {{Carbohydrates}} [[Category:Monosaccharides]] [[Category:Aldopentoses]] [[da:Xylose]] [[de:Xylose]] [[es:Xilosa]] [[fr:Xylose]] [[nl:Xylose]] [[ja:キシロース]] [[pl:Ksyloza]] [[uk:Ксилоза]]