Zinc cyanide
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2008-07-03T17:18:47Z
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discribed → described
{{Chembox new
| Name = Zinc cyanide
| ImageFile = zinc_cyanide.jpg
<!-- | ImageSize = 200px -->
| ImageName = Zinc cyanide
| OtherNames = potassium sulfocyanate<br />potassium isothiocyanate<br />potassium thiocyanide
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 557-21-1
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = Zn(CN)<sub>2</sub>
| MolarMass = 117.41 g/mol
| Appearance = off-white powder
| Density = 1.852 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, solid
| Solubility = insoluble
| MeltingPt = 800 °C (decomposes)
| BoilingPt =
}}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| EUClass = not listed
| NFPA-H = 4
| NFPA-R = 2
| NFPA-F = 0
}}
}}
'''Zinc cyanide''' is the [[inorganic]] [[chemical compound]] with the formula [[Zinc|Zn]]([[Carbon|C]][[Nitrogen|N]])<sub>2</sub>. It adopts a polymeric structure consisting of tetrahedral zinc centers linked by bridging [[cyanide]] [[ligand]]s. The structure can also be described as being two interpenertrating adamantain structures. The cyanide group shows head to tail disorder with any zinc atom having between 1 and 4 carbon niegbours and the remaining being nitrogen atoms. It shows one of the largest negative coefficents of thermal expantion, beating the previous largest zerconium tungstate.
Zn(CN)<sub>2</sub> is employed as a catalyst for the cyanosilylation of aldehydes and ketones.<ref>{{cite journal
| author = Rasmussen J. K., Heilmann S. M.
| title = In situ Cyanosilylation of Carbonyl Compounds: O-Trimethylsilyl-4-Methoxymandelonitrile
| journal = Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume
| volume = 7
| pages = 521
| year = 1990
| url= http://www.orgsyn.org/orgsyn/prep.asp?prep=cv7p0521}}
</ref>
It is also used to introduce the [[formyl]] group in [[organic synthesis]].
2-Hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde has been prepared from 2-naphthol, zinc cyanide, and anhydrous hydrogen chloride.<ref>
{{cite journal
| author = [[Roger Adams|Adams R.]], Levine I.
| title = Simplification of the Gattermann Synthesis of Hydroxy Aldehydes
| journal = [[Journal of the American Chemical Society]]
| year = 1923
| volume = 45
| pages = 2373–77
| doi = 10.1021/ja01663a020}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite journal
| author =Fuson R. C., Horning E. C., Rowland S. P., Ward M. L.
| title = Mesitaldehyde
| journal = Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume
| volume = 3
| pages = 549
| year = 1955
| url=http://www.orgsyn.org/orgsyn/prep.asp?prep=cv3p0549}}
</ref>
Zinc cyanide is also a byproduct of gold extraction were zinc metal is added to the gold cyanide solution to precipitate the gold.
==References==
<div class="references-small"><references /></div>
[[Category:Cyanides]]
[[Category:Zinc compounds]]
[[Category:Inorganic compound stubs]]
{{inorganic-compound-stub}}
[[ar:سيانيد خارصين]]