Collection d'insectes 1002225 30714468 2008-06-17T00:36:35Z 90.23.165.206 L'[[entomologie]] est la science qui étudie les [[insecte]]s. L'[[entomophilie]] est une caractéristique d'une plante dont la pollinisation est effectuée par des insectes. Ces deux noms ne peuvent donc pas être utilisés pour désigner l'occupation du collectionneur d'insectes. ----- [[Image:Beetle collection.jpg|thumb|300px|Collection de [[scarabée]]s au Melbourne Museum en Australie]] [[Image:Nabokov's net.JPG|thumb|right|Filet à papillons]] La '''collection d'insectes''' est un occupation de naturalistes. Les insectes sont communs dans presque toutes les parties du monde, et peuvent être trouvés en regardant attentivement sur les feuilles des plantes et les fleurs, sous des rochers ou des morceaux de bois, dans l'eau, etc. La nuit, de nombreux spécimens peuvent être attrapés alors qu'ils tournent autour des lampes. Un filet à papillon (filet fauchoir) est utile pour attraper des insectes volants. Des entonnoirs, nasses, pièges avec ou sans appâts, sont très efficaces. Des aspirateurs à bouches permettent de récolter des insectes trop petits ou trop délicats pour être manipulés avec les doigts. <!--- '''Insect collecting''' is historically a widespread, essential predecessor of scientific [[entomology]] and at the same time the formerly popular (until the mid-20th century) educational [[hobby]] of [[collecting]] [[insect]]s, that has left traces in European [[cultural history]], literature and songs (e.g. [[Georges Brassens]]: "La chasse aux papillons" (The hunt for butterflies)). Since most types of insects have hard [[exoskeleton]]s that retain their appearance after the insects expire, it is easy and practical to form a collection, and with many thousands of colorful and attractive species known, a collection may become quite large. ---> ==Papillons== On appelle '''lépidoptérophilie''' l'occupation consistant à collectionner les [[Lepidoptera|papillons]]. La collection de [[Lepidoptera|papillons]] est peut-être la plus populaire des collections d'insectes, avec la collection de [[coléoptère]]s en seconde place. <!--- Une fois collectés, on peut utiliser Once collected, a [[killing jar]] is often used to dispatch insects before they damage themselves trying to escape. The jar is usually charged with [[ethyl acetate]] which is very effective in killing the insect, but still keeps it soft enough to be mounted properly in a collection. [[Potassium cyanide]] which gives off [[hydrogen cyanide|cyanide gas]] can also be used, and is very effective, but is not very common due to its high toxicity to humans. Its advantage is that it does not evaporate off very fast and does not have to be charged as often. A stronger poison also avoids having to crush or squeeze the insects thorax, which though often effective, can disfigure the specimen. The usual method of display is in a glass-covered box, with the insects mounted on pins stuck into the bottom of the box. Very small insects will be glued to a small piece of paper on the pin. There are specific procedures for proper mounting that are used to show off the insects unique characteristics. Sometimes variations can be used especially if more than one of a species is available. For example, one or both of the wings of a [[beetle]] or [[grasshopper]] can be pulled open and fanned out to show the wing structure that would otherwise be hidden. [[Museum]]s frequently have quite large insect collections, used for research. These are not usually on display, since most of them will all look the same to the untrained eye. Rare insects, and/or those from distant parts of the world may also be acquired from dealers or by trading. Some noted insect collections have been sold at [[auction]]. Nowadays some collectors practise their hobby also by rearing caterpillars, or [[ovum|ova]] to adulthood. When done well, this procreates more adults than in nature. Some of the adults are released back in the wild, thus minding the numbers of individuals in natural populations. This method has also been used in some [[Conservation ecology|conservation]] programs. ---> == Références == <!--- *Martin, J.E.H. 1977. Collecting, preparing and preserving insects, mites, and spiders. The Insects and Arachnids of Canada, Part 1. Publ. 1643, Res. Br., [[Department of Agriculture and Agri-Food (Canada)|Canada Dep. Agric.]], Ottawa, ON. *Methven, Kathleen R., Michael R. Jeffords and Richard A. Weinzierl. 1995. How to Collect and Preserve Insects. INHS Special Publication 17, Illinois Natural History Survey, [[Champaign]], [[Illinois]]. 76 pp. *Murray S. Upton: "A rich and diverse [[fauna (animals)|fauna]] : the history of the [[Australian National Insect Collection]] ; 1926 - 1991". [[Melbourne]] : CSIRO, 1997. 386 p. ISBN 0-6430-6322-6 *Vivienne M. Uys (ed.): "How to collect and [[Preservation|preserve]] insects and [[arachnid]]s". [[Pretoria]] 1996. 73 p. ISBN 0-061-17337-1 == External links == * [http://amazoninsect.com Collecting Trips To Amazonia] * [http://bohart.ucdavis.edu/collecting.asp Bohart Museum guide to insect collecting] * [http://srmwww.gov.bc.ca/risc/pubs/tebiodiv/terranth/index.htm Inventory Methods for Terrestrial Arthropods: Standards for Components of British Columbia's Biodiversity No. 40] * [http://entomology.unl.edu/tmh/ent115/labs/collecting.htm Collecting insects] ---> ==Collections== Le [[Muséum Bishop]] dans l'état d'Hawai'i possède la troisième collection d'insectes des États-Unis avec 13,5 millions de spécimens. ==Collectionneurs d'insectes== *[[Robert Bakewell]] *[[Alfredo Andreini]] *[[Bert Bertram]] *[[Georg Wolfgang Franz Panzer]] ==Voir aussi== ===Articles connexes=== *[[Cabinet de curiosités]] *[[Élevage d'insectes]] ===Liens externes=== *[http://aeaq.ca/techdocs/tech_collect.htm BA-BA de la collection d'insectes] [[catégorie:collection]] [[catégorie:collection d'insectes]] [[de:Insektensammlung]] [[en:Insect collecting]] [[ja:昆虫採集]] [[sv:Insektssamling]]