Liquide interstitiel
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2008-06-28T10:39:50Z
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{{ébauche|médecine}}
Étant clair et liquide, le '''liquide interstitiel''' ou ''interstitium'' a une composition proche de celle du [[plasma sanguin]]. Le liquide interstitiel remplit l'espace entre les capillaires sanguins et les [[cellule (biologie)|cellules]]. Il facilite les échanges de nutriments et de déchets entre ceux-ci. Le surplus de liquide interstitiel est drainé par les [[système lymphatique|capillaires lymphatiques]] où il prend le nom de [[lymphe]] et est acheminé vers le cou où il est réintégré au sang dans la [[veine subclavière]] droite.
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'''Interstitial fluid''' is one of the two components of [[extracellular fluid]], the other being [[Blood plasma|plasma]]. On average, a person has about 11 liters (2.42 gallons) of interstitial fluid providing the cells of the body with nutrients and a means of waste removal.
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== Production et prélèvement ==
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Plasma and interstitial fluid are essentially identical except for location. Plasma, the major component in blood, communicates freely with interstitial fluid through [[pore]]s and intercellular clefts in [[capillary]] [[endothelium]]. [[Blood pressure]] causes continuous production of interstitial fluid by pushing plasma through these openings into the [[interstitium]]. The pores are too small to allow [[protein]]s or cells through, but most other [[solute]]s can pass. Additionally, passive [[diffusion]] and [[active transport|active cellular transport]] from the blood also play a role in fluid production.
Eventually, the interstitial fluid is forced back into the capillaries by osmotic pressure. Additionally, the fluid may drain into the [[lymphatic]] vessels.
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== Composition ==
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Interstitial fluid consists of a water solvent containing [[amino acid]]s, [[sugar]]s, [[fatty acid]]s, [[coenzyme]]s, [[hormone]]s, [[neurotransmitter]]s, [[salt]]s, as well as waste products from the cells.
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== Fonction physiologique ==
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Interstitial fluid bathes the [[cell (biology)|cells]] of the [[biological tissue|tissues]]. This provides a means of delivering materials to the cells, intercellular communication, as well as removal of metabolic waste.
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== Voir aussi ==
* [[Lymphe]]
* [[Plasma sanguin]]
== Références ==
*Marieb, Elaine N., Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology: Seventh Edition, San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings, 2003, ISBN 0-8053-5385-2.
{{portail médecine}}
[[Catégorie:Physiologie]]
[[ar:سائل خلالي]]
[[cs:Tkáňový mok]]
[[da:Interstitialvæske]]
[[de:Gewebsflüssigkeit]]
[[en:Interstitial fluid]]
[[es:Líquido intersticial]]
[[fi:Kudosneste]]
[[ja:間質液]]
[[lt:Audinių skystis]]
[[pt:Fluido intersticial]]