Pédipalpe
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{{Ébauche|zoologie}}
Les '''pédipalpes''' sont la deuxième paire d'[[appendice]]s du [[céphalothorax]] chez les [[arachnides]]. Ils sont homologues aux [[mandibules]] des [[crustacés]], et correspondent aux mandibules des [[insectes]]. Ce sont des appendices comprenant six éléments : la [[coxa]], le [[trochanter]], le [[Fémur#Animaux|fémur]], une petite [[patella]], le [[tibia]] et le [[tarse]].
Les pinces du [[Scorpiones|scorpion]] ne sont pas vraiment des pattes, mais sont des pédipalpes, ou pattes-mâchoires, un type différent de [[membre (anatomie)|membre]] que l'on trouve d'ailleurs aussi chez les araignées et qui est spécialisé pour la [[prédation]] ; les pédipalpes n'ont en aucun cas un rôle de locomotion.
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The coxae, most frequently have extensions, called [[maxillae]] or gnahobases, which function as [[mouth]] parts with or without contribution from the coxae of the anterior [[arthropod leg|legs]]. The limbs themselves may be simple tactile organs outwardly resembling the legs, as in [[spide]]r, or chelate weapons of great size, as in [[scorpions]]. Comparative studies of pedipalpal morphology may suggest that leg-like pedipalps are primitive in [[Arachnida]]. At present, the only reasonable alternative to this view is to assume that xiphosurans reflect the morphology of the primitive [[arachnid]] pedipalp and to conclude that this appendage is primitively chelate. Pedipalp chelae are found in several [[arachnid]] groups, [[Ricinulei]], [[Thelyphonida]], [[Scorpiones]] and [[Pseudoscorpiones]], but the chelae in most of these taxa do not appear to be homologous with those found in Xiphosura. The pedipalps are distinctly raptorial in [[Amblypygi]], [[Thelyphonida]], [[Schizomida]] and [[Opiliones]].
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== Pédipalpes des araignées ==
<!---Pedipalps of [[spiders]] have the same segmentation as the [[arthropod leg|legs]], but the [[tarsus]] is undivided, and the pretarsus has no lateral claws. A male [[spider]] bears enlarged ends of his pedipalps, the terminal segments of which are elaborated into organs for the transfer of [[sperm]] to the sperm receptacles of the female. A microscopic analysis of the pedipalps is often the only way to exactly determine the species of a male spider.
==Sources==
*Savory, T. 1977. Arachnida. 2nd edition. U.S. Edition published by Academic Press INC. LTD.340 Pp.
*Snodgrass, R.E. 1971. A Textbook Arthropod Anatomy. Published by Hafner Publishing Company, INC. 363 Pp.
*Torre-Bueno, J.R. 1989. The Torre-Bueno Glossary of Entomology/ compiled by Stephen W. Nichols; including Supplement A by George S. Tulloch. Published by The New York Entomological Society in cooperation with the American Museum of Natural History. 840 Pp.
*Discovery Books; 2000; Insects and Spiders; St. Remy Media Inc.; New York; 35
==External links==
*[http://lymphocytes.741.com/pedipalps.html Close-up view of sperm-laden pedipalps in a mature tarantula] Several ad popups warning!
*[http://johnbokma.com/mexit/2005/09/07/brachypelma-sperm-web.html Several close-up photos of a tarantula creating a sperm web] - Brachypelma Vagans (Mexican Red-rump)
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== Voir aussi ==
*[[palpe]]
*[[chélicères]]
*[[patte des arthropodes]]
[[Catégorie:Chélicérate]]
[[Catégorie:Anatomie des arthropodes]]
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